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Resumen El paso de guardia en enfermería es una actividad fundamental para dar continuidad al cuidado de los pacientes, se realiza como cumplimiento obligatorio de una tarea en el quehacer laboral. Objetivo Describir la producción científica publicada entre 2007-2017, referente a la temática de paso de guardia de enfermería en los servicios de urgencias. Metodología Se desarrolló una revisión sistemática en seis bases de datos, se incluyeron estudios en idiomas inglés, español y portugués que estuvieran publicados en revistas indexadas con acceso a texto completo. Se realizó un análisis crítico de cada uno de los artículos con las Herramientas CASPe y STROBE, los resultados se ordenaron en una matriz que facilitó la obtención de información y categorías. Resultados De un total de 430 artículos, se incluyeron a la investigación únicamente 19, de los cuales 17 están escritos en idioma inglés y dos en español. Después del análisis de los artículos seleccionados se estructuraron dos categorías: Características del paso de guardia y Estandarización del proceso. Conclusiones Las brechas en la comunicación se perfilan como uno de los principales aspectos a tener en cuenta, para mejorar el paso de guardia. El lugar más recomendable para que se lleve a cabo el proceso debe ser en la habitación del paciente y verificado por los dos equipos de enfermería. En la actualidad es necesario realizar investigaciones para mejorar el nivel de evidencia de los estudios.

Abstract Nursing shift handover is an obligatory and a fundamental activity to ensure continuity in the process of patient care. Objective To describe the scientific production published between 2007-2017 regarding nursing shift handover within medical emergency services. Methodology A systematic review was conducted on six databases. Articles with full texts written in English, Spanish, and Portuguese, and published in indexed journals were included. A critical analysis on each article was conducted using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme spanish, and the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology tools. Articles were clustered in a matrix of categories. Results From a total of 430 possible articles, 19 were included for this study - 17 written in English and 2 written in Spanish. From the corresponding analysis, two categories were structured: Nursing Shift Handover Characteristics, and Process Standardization. Conclusions Communication gaps seem to be one of the main issues to address while improving the nursing shift handover process. The patient room should be the place for the shift handover, and this process must be acknowledged by both nursing teams.

Resumo A passagem de plantão em enfermagem é uma atividade fundamental para dar continuidade ao cuidado dos pacientes, realiza-se como cumprimento obrigatório de uma tarefa no trabalho laboral. Objetivo Descrever a produção científica publicada entre 2007-2017, referente à temática de passagem de plantão de enfermagem nos serviços de urgências. Metodologia Desenvolveu-se uma revisão sistemática em seis bases de dados, incluíram-se estudos em idiomas inglês, espanhol e português que estiveram publicados em revistas indexadas com acesso a texto completo. Realizou-se uma análise crítica de cada um dos artigos com as Ferramentas CASPe e STROBE, os resultados ordenaram-se em uma matriz que facilitou a obtenção de informação e categorias. Resultados De um total de 430 artigos, incluíram-se à pesquisa unicamente 19, dos quais 17 estão escritos em idioma inglês e dois em espanhol. Depois da análise dos artigos selecionados estruturaram-se duas categorias: Caraterísticas da passagem de plantão e Padronização do processo. Conclusões Os abismos na comunicação perfilam-se como um dos principais aspectos a ter em conta, para melhorar a passagem de plantão. O lugar mais recomendável para se efetuar o processo deve ser no quarto do paciente e verificado pelas duas equipes de enfermagem. Na atualidade é necessário realizar pesquisas para melhorar o nível de evidência dos estudos.

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Nitrogen mineralization in PAHs contaminated soil in presence of Eisenia fetida amended with biosolid or vermicompost was investigated. Sterilized and unsterilized soil was contaminated with PAHs, added with E. fetida and biosolid or vermicompost and incubated aerobically for 70 days, while dynamics of inorganic N were monitored. Addition of E. fetida to sterilized soil increased concentration of NH(4)(+) 100> mg N kg(-1), while concentrations in unsterilized remained <60 mg N kg(-1) except for soil amended with biosolid plus PAHs where it increased to >80 mg kg(-1). Addition of PAHs had no significant effect on concentration of NH(4)(+) compared to the unamended soil, except in the soil added with biosolid. Addition of E. fetida to sterilized soil increased concentration of NO(2)(-) 15> mg N kg(-1) while concentrations in unsterilized soil remained <7.5 mg N kg(-1) except for soil amended with biosolid where it increased to >20 mg kg(-1). Addition of PAHs had no significant effect on concentration of NO(2)(-) compared to the unamended soil. Addition of biosolid and vermicompost increased concentration of NO(3)(-), while addition of E. fetida decreased concentration of NO(3)(-) in biosolid amended soil. It was found that NH(4)(+) and NO(2)(-) oxidizers were present in the gut of E. fetida, but their activity was not sufficient enough to inhibit a temporarily increase in concentrations of NH(4)(+) and NO(2)(-). Contamination with PAHs induced immobilization of N in biosolid or vermicompost amended soil, as did feeding of E. fetida on biosolid or vermicompost.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as phenanthrene, anthracene and Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) are toxic for the environment. Removing these components from soil is difficult as they are resistant to degradation and more so in soils with high pH and large salt concentrations as in soil of the former lake Texcoco, but stimulating soil micro-organisms growth by adding nutrients might accelerate soil restoration. Soil of Texcoco and an agricultural Acolman soil, which served as a control, were spiked with phenanthrene, anthracene and BaP, added with or without biosolid or inorganic fertilizer (N, P), and dynamics of PAHs, N and P were monitored in a 112-day incubation. Concentrations of phenanthrene did not change significantly in sterilized Acolman soil, but decreased 2-times in unsterilized soil and >25-times in soil amended with biosolid and NP. The concentration of phenanthrene in unsterilized soil of Texcoco was 1.3-times lower compared to the sterilized soil, 1.7-times in soil amended with NP and 2.9-times in soil amended with biosolid. In unsterilized Acolman soil, degradation of BaP was faster in soil amended with biosolid than in unamended soil and soil amended with NP. In unsterilized soil of Texcoco, degradation of BaP was similar in soil amended with biosolid and NP but faster than in the unamended soil. It was found that application of biosolid and NP increased degradation of phenanthrene, anthracene and BaP, but to a different degree in alkaline-saline soil of Texcoco compared to an agricultural Acolman soil.

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Wastewater from the leather industry in León (Guanajuato, México) is discharged into the Turbio river without treatment. Tannery wastewater contains utilizable nutrients, but also toxic organic compounds which might affect soil processes and plant growth, and pathogens, which might pose a threat to the local farming community. Tannery effluent was composted with cow manure and wheat straw for 90 days to reduce pathogens and toxic organic compounds and monitored. The compost was characterized by an electrolytic conductivity (EC) of 28.1 ms cm(-1), cation exchange capacity of 17.7 meq 100 g(-1), an absorbance at 645 nm of 0.0175, a respiration rate of 0.062 mg CO2-C kg(-1) compost-C day(-1), pH 8.5 and C:N ratio 7:1 with a germination index for cress (Lepidium sativum) of 48% after 90 days. Less than 10 faecal coliforms and no Salmonella sp., Shigella sp. or eggs of helminthes were detected in the compost while total coliforms decreased by log10 of 2. Total concentrations of lead (Pb) were 8.9 mgkg(-1) dry compost, chromium (Cr) 77 mg kg(-1) dry compost, cadmium (Cd) 0.4 mg kg(-1) dry compost, copper (Cu) 10.3 mg kg(-1) dry compost and sodium (Na) 14,377 mg kg(-1) dry compost. The compost characteristics indicated that it was mature, but the germination index for cress of less than 50% suggested possible remaining phytotoxic compounds. However, the large salt concentrations (especially Na), might have inhibited cress development and thus reduced the germination index. The large salt concentration might thus limit the use of this kind of compost.

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El estudio describe la magnitud, frecuencia, tendencia y causas del ausentismo laboral de los trabajadores con contrato a término indefinido en la Empresa Colombiana de Petróleos Gerencia Complejo Barraancabermeja (GCB) durante el período de 1995 a 1997, con el fin de establecer programas integrales de intervención y control. Se estudiaron 5.515 eventos de ausencia por causa médica correspondientes a 42.669 días y 33.689 eventos de ausencia por causa no médica que aportaron 50.538 días perdidos originados por 2.283 trabajadores. Los indicadores en el ausentismo por causa médica mostraron una tendencia a la disminución, excepción hecha para el año 1996. Los índices globales para el período fueron: 301,78 eventos de ausencia por millón de horas-hombre programadas (índice de frecuencia), 2.334,86 días perdidos por cada millón de horas-hombre programadas; de cada 100 trabajadores, se ausentaron en el período aproximadamente 76 (75,6); el porcentaje de tiempo perdido fue de 1,87 y la duración promedio del episodio de ausencia, de 7,7 días. Los costos ascendieron a $5.794.951.212. El riesgo de ausentarse aumentó con la edad y se observó una tendencia lineal estadísticamente significativa. Los ausentistas (trabajadores que presentaron eventos repetidos de ausencia de corta duración -menos de cuatro semanas- en un número superior a la mediana aportaron el 18,5 por ciento de los eventos y el 59 por ciento de días perdidos. Los indicadores de ausentismo por causa no médica mostraron por el contrario una tendencia hacia el aumento y generaron un costo de $103.325.146.398

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The case of a 64 years old female patient with chest pain, dizziness and abnormal chest x-ray is presented. The different diagnostic possibilities are discussed. The final assessment in the case was a double radiographic exposure of the chest film confusing the clinical picture

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The case of a 64 years old female patient with chest pain, dizziness and abnormal chest x-ray is presented. The different diagnostic possibilities are discussed. The final assessment in the case was a double radiographic exposure of the chest film confusing the clinical picture.

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