RESUMO

The effects of treated and untreated water inlets with macrophytes on the improvement of water quality and zooplankton community were evaluated in a fish pond with continuous water flow. Water and zooplankton samples were retrieved at four sites during nine months. There were differences (p 0.01) between inlet water from fish pond and inlet water from canal with macrophytes, featuring higher concentrations of nutrient load, mainly TAN and TP in the former. The inlet water from fish pond contained a higher number of abundant species (9 species), whilst the water supply from the canal with macrophytes had a greater richness (31 species) of zooplankton species. Results showed that inlet water without macrophytes directly affected the characteristics of the water column and the dominance of zooplankton species such as Thermocyclops decipiens, and greater abundance of Rotifera species. Since aquatic plants in the inlet water of fish pond analyzed showed lower allochthonous material loads from the previous fish pond, the management adopted with macrophytes may be applied to avoid eutrophication risks, common in farm ponds.(AU)

Os efeitos do abastecimento tratado e não tratado com macrófitas sobre a qualidade da água e comunidade zooplanctônica foram avaliados em um viveiro de piscicultura com fluxo contínuo de água. Houve maior concentração de fósforo total e nitrogênio amoniacal na água não tratada (p<0,01). Na água de entrada sem tratamento de macrófitas foi observado maior número de espécies abundantes (9 espécies), contudo, a entrada de água tratada com macrófitas apresentou maior riqueza de espécies (31 espécies) zooplanctônicas. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a água de entrada sem macrófitas influenciou as características da coluna de água com predominância de espécies zooplanctônicas, como Thermocyclops decipiens e maior abundância de espécies de Rotifera. A água tratada com macrófita apresentou menor carga de materiais alóctones provenientes do viveiro anterior, indicando que o manejo adotado com macrófitas pode ser aplicado para evitar riscos de eutrofização, comuns em piscicultura.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Abstract The effects of treated and untreated water inlets with macrophytes on the improvement of water quality and zooplankton community were evaluated in a fish pond with continuous water flow. Water and zooplankton samples were retrieved at four sites during nine months. There were differences (p<0.01) between inlet water from fish pond and inlet water from canal with macrophytes, featuring higher concentrations of nutrient load, mainly TAN and TP in the former. The inlet water from fish pond contained a higher number of abundant species (9 species), whilst the water supply from the canal with macrophytes had a greater richness (31 species) of zooplankton species. Results showed that inlet water without macrophytes directly affected the characteristics of the water column and the dominance of zooplankton species such as Thermocyclops decipiens, and greater abundance of Rotifera species. Since aquatic plants in the inlet water of fish pond analyzed showed lower allochthonous material loads from the previous fish pond, the management adopted with macrophytes may be applied to avoid eutrophication risks, common in farm ponds.

Resumo Os efeitos do abastecimento tratado e não tratado com macrófitas sobre a qualidade da água e comunidade zooplanctônica foram avaliados em um viveiro de piscicultura com fluxo contínuo de água. Houve maior concentração de fósforo total e nitrogênio amoniacal na água não tratada (p<0,01). Na água de entrada sem tratamento de macrófitas foi observado maior número de espécies abundantes (9 espécies), contudo, a entrada de água tratada com macrófitas apresentou maior riqueza de espécies (31 espécies) zooplanctônicas. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a água de entrada sem macrófitas influenciou as características da coluna de água com predominância de espécies zooplanctônicas, como Thermocyclops decipiens e maior abundância de espécies de Rotifera. A água tratada com macrófita apresentou menor carga de materiais alóctones provenientes do viveiro anterior, indicando que o manejo adotado com macrófitas pode ser aplicado para evitar riscos de eutrofização, comuns em piscicultura.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The effects of treated and untreated water inlets with macrophytes on the improvement of water quality and zooplankton community were evaluated in a fish pond with continuous water flow. Water and zooplankton samples were retrieved at four sites during nine months. There were differences (p<0.01) between inlet water from fish pond and inlet water from canal with macrophytes, featuring higher concentrations of nutrient load, mainly TAN and TP in the former. The inlet water from fish pond contained a higher number of abundant species (9 species), whilst the water supply from the canal with macrophytes had a greater richness (31 species) of zooplankton species. Results showed that inlet water without macrophytes directly affected the characteristics of the water column and the dominance of zooplankton species such as Thermocyclops decipiens, and greater abundance of Rotifera species. Since aquatic plants in the inlet water of fish pond analyzed showed lower allochthonous material loads from the previous fish pond, the management adopted with macrophytes may be applied to avoid eutrophication risks, common in farm ponds.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Current study investigates the effect of two alternative media NPK (20-5-20) fertilizer and NPK plus macrophyte (M+NPK) compared to the commercial medium (WC) under growth rate and physiological parameters in batch culture mode (2-L), and verifies whether the use of fertilizer (NPK) and macrophyte (Eichhornia crassipes) would be a good tool for Haematococcus pluvialis culture in the laboratory. The highest number of cells of H. pluvialis has been reported in NPK medium (5.4 × 105 cells.mL-1) on the 28th day, and in the M+NPK and WC media (4.1 × 105 cells.mL-1 and 2.1 × 105 cells.mL-1) on the 26th day, respectively. Chlorophyll-a contents were significantly higher (p<0.05) in NPK medium (41-102 µg.L-1) and lower in WC and M+NPK media (14-61 µg.L-1). The astaxanthin content was less than 0.04 mg.L-1. Production cost of 10-L of H. pluvialis was low in all media, and NPK and M+NPK media had a cost reduction of 65% and 82%, respectively when compared with commercial medium (WC). The use of a medium based on commercial fertilizer and macrophyte (E. crassipes) produced a new medium formulation that proved to be efficient, at least in batch culture mode, in promoting high density culture of H. pluvialis. NPK and macrophyte (E. crassipes) medium seems to be an adequate alternative to replace the conventional one (WC).

Assuntos

RESUMO

Abstract Current study investigates the effect of two alternative media NPK (20-5-20) fertilizer and NPK plus macrophyte (M+NPK) compared to the commercial medium (WC) under growth rate and physiological parameters in batch culture mode (2-L), and verifies whether the use of fertilizer (NPK) and macrophyte (Eichhornia crassipes) would be a good tool for Haematococcus pluvialis culture in the laboratory. The highest number of cells of H. pluvialis has been reported in NPK medium (5.4 × 105cells.mL–1) on the 28th day, and in the M+NPK and WC media (4.1 × 105 cells.mL–1 and 2.1 × 105 cells.mL–1) on the 26th day, respectively. Chlorophyll-a contents were significantly higher (p<0.05) in NPK medium (41-102 µg.L–1) and lower in WC and M+NPK media (14-61 µg.L–1). The astaxanthin content was less than 0.04 mg.L–1. Production cost of 10-L of H. pluvialis was low in all media, and NPK and M+NPK media had a cost reduction of 65% and 82%, respectively when compared with commercial medium (WC). The use of a medium based on commercial fertilizer and macrophyte (E. crassipes) produced a new medium formulation that proved to be efficient, at least in batch culture mode, in promoting high density culture of H. pluvialis. NPK and macrophyte (E. crassipes) medium seems to be an adequate alternative to replace the conventional one (WC).

Resumo O presente estudo investigou o efeito de dois meios alternativos, NPK (20-5-20) e NPK mais macrófita (M+NPK), em relação ao meio comercial (WC) para avaliar a taxa de crescimento e parâmetros fisiológicos em cultivo estático (2-L), a fim de verificar se o fertilizante (NPK) e a macrófita (Eichhornia crassipes) podem ser utilizados no cultivo de Haematococcus pluvialis em laboratório. O maior número de células de H. pluvialis foi observado no meio NPK (5,4 × 105 células.mL–1) no vigésimo oitavo dia, e nos meios M+NPK e WC foi de 4,1 × 105 células.mL–1 e 2,1 × 105.celulas.mL–1 no vigésimo sexto dia, respectivamente. Os teores de clorofila-a foram significativamente maiores (p<0,05) em meio NPK (41-102 g.L–1) quando comparado aos meios WC e M+NPK (14-61 g.L–1). O teor de astaxantina foi menor que 0,04 mg.L–1. O custo de produção de 10-L de H. pluvialis foi baixo em todos os meios sendo que os meios NPK e M+NPK apresentaram uma redução de custos de 65% e 82%, respectivamente, quando comparados ao meio comercial. O meio contendo fertilizante e o de macrófita (E. crassipes) obtiveram resultados eficientes em cultivo estático, com alta densidade celular de H. pluvialis. O meio NPK e o de macrófita (E. crassipes) demonstraram ser uma alternativa adequada para substituir o meio comercial (WC).

Assuntos

RESUMO

Current study investigates the effect of two alternative media NPK (20-5-20) fertilizer and NPK plus macrophyte (M+NPK) compared to the commercial medium (WC) under growth rate and physiological parameters in batch culture mode (2-L), and verifies whether the use of fertilizer (NPK) and macrophyte (Eichhornia crassipes) would be a good tool for Haematococcus pluvialis culture in the laboratory. The highest number of cells of H. pluvialis has been reported in NPK medium (5.4 × 105cells.mL–1) on the 28th day, and in the M+NPK and WC media (4.1 × 105 cells.mL–1 and 2.1 × 105 cells.mL–1) on the 26th day, respectively. Chlorophyll-a contents were significantly higher (p<0.05) in NPK medium (41-102 µg.L–1) and lower in WC and M+NPK media (14-61 µg.L–1). The astaxanthin content was less than 0.04 mg.L–1. Production cost of 10-L of H. pluvialis was low in all media, and NPK and M+NPK media had a cost reduction of 65% and 82%, respectively when compared with commercial medium (WC). The use of a medium based on commercial fertilizer and macrophyte (E. crassipes) produced a new medium formulation that proved to be efficient, at least in batch culture mode, in promoting high density culture of H. pluvialis. NPK and macrophyte (E. crassipes) medium seems to be an adequate alternative to replace the conventional one (WC).(AU)

O presente estudo investigou o efeito de dois meios alternativos, NPK (20-5-20) e NPK mais macrófita (M+NPK), em relação ao meio comercial (WC) para avaliar a taxa de crescimento e parâmetros fisiológicos em cultivo estático (2-L), a fim de verificar se o fertilizante (NPK) e a macrófita (Eichhornia crassipes) podem ser utilizados no cultivo de Haematococcus pluvialis em laboratório. O maior número de células de H. pluvialis foi observado no meio NPK (5,4 × 105 células.mL–1) no vigésimo oitavo dia, e nos meios M+NPK e WC foi de 4,1 × 105 células.mL–1 e 2,1 × 105.celulas.mL–1 no vigésimo sexto dia, respectivamente. Os teores de clorofila-a foram significativamente maiores (p<0,05) em meio NPK (41-102 g.L–1) quando comparado aos meios WC e M+NPK (14-61 g.L–1). O teor de astaxantina foi menor que 0,04 mg.L–1. O custo de produção de 10-L de H. pluvialis foi baixo em todos os meios sendo que os meios NPK e M+NPK apresentaram uma redução de custos de 65% e 82%, respectivamente, quando comparados ao meio comercial. O meio contendo fertilizante e o de macrófita (E. crassipes) obtiveram resultados eficientes em cultivo estático, com alta densidade celular de H. pluvialis. O meio NPK e o de macrófita (E. crassipes) demonstraram ser uma alternativa adequada para substituir o meio comercial (WC).(AU)

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RESUMO

The aim of this work was to investigate the growth performance of Diaphanosoma birgei fed with two Chlorophyceae algae, Ankistrodesmus gracilis and Haematococcus pluvialis using monoalgal diets and simpler mixed diets. D. birgei was daily fed on four treatments: 1) 100% Ankistrodesmus gracilis (Ag); 2) 100% Haematoccocus pluvialis (Hp); 3) 25% A. gracilis + 75% H. pluvialis (Ag-25+Hp-75) and 4) 75% A. gracilis + 25% H. pluvialis (Ag-75+Hp-25). The fecundity curve of D. birgei showed that the mixed feed Ag-25+Hp-75 and temperature 24±2°C triggered fast fecundity at approximately two days. The fecundity was low when based only on H. pluvialis (Hp), albeit with greater longevity (19 days) and a higher number of broods (8). D. birgei fed on Ag and Ag-75+Hp-25 diets in this experiment sustained higher growth rate and higher lipid content in these treatments. The present study showed that A. gracilis diet and mixed microalgae diets tested were able to support the egg production and development of D. birgei.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The aim of this work was to investigate the growth performance of Diaphanosoma birgei fed with two Chlorophyceae algae, Ankistrodesmus gracilis and Haematococcus pluvialis using monoalgal diets and simpler mixed diets. D. birgei was daily fed on four treatments: 1) 100% Ankistrodesmus gracilis (Ag); 2) 100% Haematoccocus pluvialis (Hp); 3) 25% A. gracilis + 75% H. pluvialis (Ag-25+Hp-75) and 4) 75% A. gracilis + 25% H. pluvialis (Ag-75+Hp-25). The fecundity curve of D. birgei showed that the mixed feed Ag-25+Hp-75 and temperature 24±2°C triggered fast fecundity at approximately two days. The fecundity was low when based only on H. pluvialis (Hp), albeit with greater longevity (19 days) and a higher number of broods (8). D. birgei fed on Ag and Ag-75+Hp-25 diets in this experiment sustained higher growth rate and higher lipid content in these treatments. The present study showed that A. gracilis diet and mixed microalgae diets tested were able to support the egg production and development of D. birgei.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o crescimento de uma espécie de Cladocera Diaphanosoma birgei alimentada com dois tipos de microalgas Chlorophyceae, Ankistrodesmus gracilis e Haematococcus pluvialis cultivadas em monocultura e cultura mista. Quatro dietas foram utilizadas: 1) 100% Ankistrodesmus gracilis (Ag); 2) 100% Haematoccocus pluvialis (Hp); 3) cultura mista com 25% A. gracilis + 75% H. pluvialis (Ag-25+Hp-75) e 4) cultura mista com 75% A. gracilis + 25% H. pluvialis (Ag-75+Hp-25). A curva de fecundidade de D. birgei mostrou que a dieta mista Ag-25+Hp-75 e temperatura de 24±2°C promoveu rápida fecundidade em aproximadamente dois dias. A fecundidade foi baixa quando D. birgei foi alimentada somente com H. pluvialis (Hp), porém foi observada maior longevidade (19 dias) e consequentemente, maior número de descendentes (8). As dietas Ag and Ag-75+Hp-25 apresentaram efeito direto na taxa de crescimento de D. birgei com elevados teores de lipídios nestes tratamentos. O presente estudo mostrou que as dietas contendo somente A. gracilis e as dietas mistas de microalgas foram capazes de manter níveis adequados na produção de ovos e no desenvolvimento de D. birgei.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Growth rate and medium parameters between two bench scale volumes (13-L and 250-L) were compared. Experiments were maintained batch mode and culture parameters were periodically measured during a 13-day period. Culture growth during the cultivation of algae Haematococcus pluvialis was determined qualitatively by cell counting, optical density, dry weight, ash content, amount of chlorophyll-a, total organic carbon content and by direct measuring of medium nutrients and some abiotic aspects. Vegetative cell growth was higher when cultured in 13-L with 1.33 x 10(5) cells.mL(-1) on the 12th day than when cultured in 250-L. Significant difference (p < 0.05) in the biology and water culture of H. pluvialis, with the exception of dry weight, ash, nitrite and ammonia, was reported between the volumes. Data obtained in current study for the upscale culture maintenance of H. pluvialis in laboratory conditions shows that it should be undertaken in a 13-L volume due to a greater time span of cells in a vegetative state, greater cell density, lipids and chlorophyll-a contents. Light was of paramount importance on the direct performance of H. pluvialis on the algal biological conditions.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Growth rate and medium parameters between two bench scale volumes (13-L and 250-L) were compared. Experiments were maintained batch mode and culture parameters were periodically measured during a 13-day period. Culture growth during the cultivation of algae Haematococcus pluvialis was determined qualitatively by cell counting, optical density, dry weight, ash content, amount of chlorophyll-a, total organic carbon content and by direct measuring of medium nutrients and some abiotic aspects. Vegetative cell growth was higher when cultured in 13-L with 1.33 x 105 cells.mL1 on the 12th day than when cultured in 250-L. Significant difference (p 0.05) in the biology and water culture of H. pluvialis, with the exception of dry weight, ash, nitrite and ammonia, was reported between the volumes. Data obtained in current study for the upscale culture maintenance of H. pluvialis in laboratory conditions shows that it should be undertaken in a 13-L volume due to a greater time span of cells in a vegetative state, greater cell density, lipids and chlorophyll-a contents. Light was of paramount importance on the direct performance of H. pluvialis on the algal biological conditions.(AU)

Foram avaliadas a taxa de crescimento e condições do meio de cultura em volumes de 13-L e 250-L em sistema estático, durante o período de 13 dias para a microalga Haematococcus pluvialis. Foi determinada qualitativamente a contagem de células, densidade, peso seco, teor de cinzas, clorofila-a, teor de carbono orgânico total e avaliação de nutrientes e fatores abióticos do meio de cultura. O crescimento foi mais elevado em volume de 13-L com 1,33 x 105 células.mL1 no décimo segundo dia, do que em volume de 250-L. Em relação ao meio de cultivo e aspectos biológicos de H. pluvialis, foram observadas diferenças significativas (p 0,05) entre os dois volumes com exceção do peso seco, cinzas, nitrito e amônia. Para cultivo em larga escale de H. pluvialis é recomendado nestas condições laboratoriais, o volume de 13-L devido ao maior tempo das células em estado vegetativo, maior densidade celular e elevados teores de lipídios e clorofila-a. A luz interferiu diretamente nas condições biológicas de H. pluvialis.(AU)

Assuntos