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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The High Activity Arthroplasty Score (HAAS) is a self-administered questionnaire, developed in British English, that reliably and validly measures the levels of sports activities in patients following hip and knee arthroplasty surgery. OBJECTIVE: To cross-culturally adapt the HAAS to Brazilian Portuguese language. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a public university hospital in Brazil. METHODS: The Brazilian version of the HAAS was created through a six-step process: translation, synthesis, committee review, pretesting, back-translation, and submission to developers. The translation step was conducted by two independent bilingual translators, both native speakers of Brazilian Portuguese. The back-translation was performed by an independent translator, a native speaker of British English. To ensure the questionnaire's comprehensibility, 46 volunteers (51% men; average age 34-63) participated in the pre-testing step. RESULTS: The cross-cultural adaptation process necessitated modifications to certain terms and expressions to achieve cultural equivalence with the original HAAS. CONCLUSION: The HAAS has been translated from English into Brazilian Portuguese and culturally adapted for Brazil. The validation process for HAAS-Brazil is currently underway.
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BACKGROUND: The High Activity Arthroplasty Score (HAAS) is a self-administered questionnaire, developed in British English, that reliably and validly measures the levels of sports activities in patients following hip and knee arthroplasty surgery. OBJECTIVE: To cross-culturally adapt the HAAS to Brazilian Portuguese language. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a public university hospital in Brazil. METHODS: The Brazilian version of the HAAS was created through a six-step process: translation, synthesis, committee review, pretesting, back-translation, and submission to developers. The translation step was conducted by two independent bilingual translators, both native speakers of Brazilian Portuguese. The back-translation was performed by an independent translator, a native speaker of British English. To ensure the questionnaire's comprehensibility, 46 volunteers (51% men; average age 34-63) participated in the pre-testing step. RESULTS: The cross-cultural adaptation process necessitated modifications to certain terms and expressions to achieve cultural equivalence with the original HAAS. CONCLUSION: The HAAS has been translated from English into Brazilian Portuguese and culturally adapted for Brazil. The validation process for HAAS-Brazil is currently underway.
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Artroplastia do Joelho , Comparação Transcultural , Masculino , Humanos , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Feminino , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Traduções , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
The importance of dynamometric and anthropometric information for industry is known; however, few studies have investigated the relationship between anthropometry and handgrip strength (HGS) in adolescents. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of anthropometric variables with the level of HGS production in adolescents. Participants were 541 adolescents aged 12-16 years from a public school in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The behavior of the following variables was examined: the ability to generate HGS, age, total body mass, height and hand dimensions (hand width, hand span, hand length). The results showed an increase in the ability to generate HGS in adolescence and a significant difference between the genders from 13 years old, where boys generated higher HGS values. Correlations between HGS and total body mass and the hand width stood out in both genders, indicating a greater association.
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Força da Mão , Mãos , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Índice de Massa Corporal , Brasil , Antropometria/métodos , Mãos/anatomia & histologiaRESUMO
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Achieving accurate tooth color is important in esthetic dental treatments; however, clinical studies evaluating how ceramic veneer procedures affect color alterations are lacking. PURPOSE: The purpose of this clinical study was to assess the color alteration during treatment with ceramic veneers and to correlate these changes with the tooth treated and veneer thickness. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ten patients who underwent esthetic treatment were enrolled as participants. Color analysis with the VITA spectrophotometer was performed at baseline, after tooth preparation, immediately after cementation (Final 1), and after 6 to 12 months of follow-up (Final 2). Data of L∗, a∗, b∗, shade guide unit (SGU), ΔEab, ΔE00, and variation in SGU (ΔSGU) were obtained. Thickness of the veneer was also recorded. Each participant was considered as a statistical block, and the mean results for each tooth (maxillary central incisors, lateral incisors, and canines) were presented. Data were evaluated by the mixed model for repeated measures and Tukey-Kramer post hoc test (L∗, a∗, b∗), generalized linear models (thickness, ΔEab, ΔE00, SGU), Friedman test (ΔSGU), and the Pearson test was used to correlate veneer thickness and color change (ΔEab, ΔE00, ΔSGU) (α=.05). RESULTS: Among the teeth treated, no differences were found in ceramic thicknesses. The mean thickness was 1.03 mm for central incisors, 0.96 for lateral incisors, and 0.89 for canines. The b∗ values increased significantly after preparation and decreased after cementation (P<.001). For ΔEab, ΔE00, and ΔSGU, there was no statistically significant difference between the types of tooth at each respective time of analysis (P>.05). Regardless of the tooth, a decrease in the SGU score was detected after cementation (P=.015). After tooth preparation, there was significant correlation (P<.05) between ceramic thickness and ΔSGU (r=0.36). CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with ceramic veneers resulted in color change, mainly with respect to the b∗ axis (yellow), producing objective differences in the ΔE analysis. Although ceramic thickness correlated with the VITA scale change (ΔSGU) after tooth wear or preparation, ceramic thickness did not differ among tooth types and did not correlate with changes in color parameters after cementation. (P>.05).
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BACKGROUND: The Hip Sports Activity Scale (HSAS) is a reliable and valid tool for determining the levels of sports activities among patients with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). OBJECTIVE: To translate and cross-culturally adapt the HSAS to the Brazilian Portuguese language. DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the State University of Rio de Janeiro. METHODS: The Brazilian version of the HSAS was developed following a process that comprised six steps: translation, synthesis, back-translation, review by committee, pretesting and submission of documentation to the developers. The translation phase involved three independent bilingual translators whose mother language was Brazilian Portuguese. The back-translation phase involved three independent translators whose mother language was English. In order to verify comprehension of the questionnaire, 30 undergraduate students in physical education (65% men), with mean age 23.2 years (standard deviation = 6.8), participated in the pre-testing phase. RESULTS: During the translation step, some terms and expressions were changed to obtain cultural equivalence to the original HSAS. In the pre-testing phase, each item of the scale showed a comprehension level of 100%. CONCLUSION: The HSAS was translated from English to the Brazilian Portuguese language and adapted to Brazilian culture. The HSAS validation is ongoing.
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Comparação Transcultural , Traduções , Adulto , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Abstract BACKGROUND: The Hip Sports Activity Scale (HSAS) is a reliable and valid tool for determining the levels of sports activities among patients with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). OBJECTIVE: To translate and cross-culturally adapt the HSAS to the Brazilian Portuguese language. DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the State University of Rio de Janeiro. METHODS: The Brazilian version of the HSAS was developed following a process that comprised six steps: translation, synthesis, back-translation, review by committee, pretesting and submission of documentation to the developers. The translation phase involved three independent bilingual translators whose mother language was Brazilian Portuguese. The back-translation phase involved three independent translators whose mother language was English. In order to verify comprehension of the questionnaire, 30 undergraduate students in physical education (65% men), with mean age 23.2 years (standard deviation = 6.8), participated in the pre-testing phase. RESULTS: During the translation step, some terms and expressions were changed to obtain cultural equivalence to the original HSAS. In the pre-testing phase, each item of the scale showed a comprehension level of 100%. CONCLUSION: The HSAS was translated from English to the Brazilian Portuguese language and adapted to Brazilian culture. The HSAS validation is ongoing.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Traduções , Comparação Transcultural , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as possíveis relações entre a variável antropométrica comprimento dos membros inferiores e de passada na marcha, com valores naturais e normalizados, em velocidade auto-selecionada e acrescida de 50%, em indivíduos adultos jovens. Foram avaliados 32 sujeitos hígidos adultos entre 18-25 anos. Os deslocamentos corporais nas duas velocidades foram registrados através da técnica de cineantropometria, utilizando o software Skillspector® para quantificar o comprimento da passada entre as médias dos dados normalizadas e não-normalizadas, do segmento direito e do segmento esquerdo. A comparação entre os valores médios das passadas normalizadas e não-normalizadas, nas diferentes velocidades, foi realizada por meio do teste t student (p < 0,05), assim como o grau de associação entre o comprimento da passada e o comprimento do membro inferior, realizada pelo teste de correlação de Pearson (p < 0,05). Sendo assim, nosso estudo constatou uma correlação positiva entre as variáveis estudadas, nas duas velocidades e, uma diferença entre a passada com dados normalizados e não normalizados, em ambas as velocidades. (AU)
The aim of this study was to analyze the possible relationships between the anthropometric variable length of the lower limbs and gait stride, with natural and normalized values, at self-selected speed and increased by 50%, in young adult individuals. 32 healthy adult subjects aged 18-25 years were evaluated. Body movements at both speeds were recorded using the kinanthropometry technique, using the Skillspector® software to quantify the stride length between the normalized and nonnormalized data averages for the right and left segments. The comparison between the mean values of normalized and non-normalized strides, at different speeds, was performed using the Student t test (p < 0.05), as well as the degree of association between stride length and lower limb length, performed by the Pearson correlation test (p < 0.05). Thus, our study found a positive correlation between the variables studied, at both speeds, and a difference between the stride with normalized and non-normalized data, at both speeds. (AU)
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Humanos , Adulto Jovem , Análise da Marcha , Marcha , Antropometria , Análise Espaço-Temporal , CineantropometriaRESUMO
O objetivo deste estudo foi examinar a exequibilidade do uso da Técnica de Moiré de Sombra (TMS) em triagens periódicas no ambiente escolar e estabelecer o estado da prevalência de desvios posturais em uma escola pública do município do Rio de Janeiro. A amostra se compôs por 304 alunos. O exame da TMS baseou-se na diferença do número de franjas nas regiões dorsal e cintura escapular. A exequibilidade foi identificada considerando-se parâmetros preestabelecidos. Identificaram-se 225 sujeitos com diferença de franjas na região dorsal, e 224 com diferença de franjas na cintura escapular. Quanto à exequibilidade, a amostra foi examinada em sete dias e não houve dificuldades na execução da técnica, no processamento das imagens e nos materiais requeridos. Considerou-se a TMS exequível para triagens populacionais, permitindo exames periódicos em larga escala. A TMS pode ser uma estratégia na implementação de programas de saúde pública na escola, objetivando a melhora da qualidade de vida.
This study aimed to examine the feasibility of the Shadow Moiré Technique (SMT) in carrying out periodic school screenings and to identify the prevalence of postural disorders in students from a public school in Rio de Janeiro. The sample was comprised of 304 students. The SMT exam was based on the difference in the number of fringes in the dorsal and scapulothoracic regions. The feasibility of the SMT was identified based on predetermined parameters. Two hundred and twenty-five subjects were identified with fringe difference in the dorsal region and 224 were identified with fringe difference in the scapulothoracic region. Regarding feasibility, the sample was examined over the period of 7 days. There were no difficulties in obtaining the materials, in the use of the technique or in the processing of the images. SMT was considered feasible to screen the population and it allows for large-scale periodic examination. The SMT can be a strategy for implementing public health programs at school aiming at improving the quality of life.
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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify the association between hip muscle strength and the scores from subjective functional and psychological evaluation questionnaires in patients with chronic hip pain. METHODS: Fifty-fivepatients with painful hip injuries (30 males) performed isometric peak strength tests of the abductors, extensors, and internal and external rotators of the hips with a hand-held dynamometer. The degree of functionality was measured by the Hip Outcome Score (HOS) and Lower Extremity Functional Score (LEFS), pain was estimated by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and kinesiophobia was calculated using the Tampa questionnaire. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used (alfa=5%) to test the associations between the muscle strength and the scores from the questionnaires. RESULTS: There were significant correlations between the strength of all four hip muscles and the HOS (r>0.29). Only the hip external rotators showed a significant correlation with pain (r=-0.30). No significant correlations were found for LEFS (r<0.24) and Tampa questionnaires (r¬0.15). CONCLUSION: The reduction in peak strength of the hip extensors, abductors and external rotators was associated with a reduction in the level of hip functionality but did not correlate with neither the level of overall functionality of the lower limbs nor the degree of kinesiophobia. Also, a reduction of hip external rotators strength was related to an increase in the intensity of pain.
RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar a associação entre a força muscular do quadril e os escores de questionários subjetivos de avaliação funcional e psicológica em pacientes com dor crônica no quadril. MÉTODOS: Cinquenta e cinco pacientes com lesões dolorosas no quadril (30 homens) realizaram testes isométricos do pico de força de abdutores, extensores e rotadores internos e externos do quadril com um dinamômetro portátil. O grau de funcionalidade foi medido pelo Hip Outcome Score (HOS) e Lower Extremity Functional Score (LEFS), a dor foi avaliada pela escala analógica visual (EAV) e a cinesiofobia foi calculada pelo questionário de Tampa. O coeficiente de correlação de Pearson foi utilizado (alfa=5%) para testar as associações entre a força muscular e os escores dos questionários. RESULTADOS: Houve correlações significativas entre a força de todos os quatro músculos do quadril e o HOS (r>0,29). Apenas os rotadores externos do quadril apresentaram correlação significativa com a intensidade da dor (r=-0,30). Nenhuma correlação significativa foi encontrada para LEFS (r<0,24) e questionário de Tampa (r¬0,15). CONCLUSÃO: A redução no pico de força dos extensores, abdutores e rotadores externos do quadril foi associada à redução no nível de funcionalidade do quadril, mas não se correlacionou com o nível de funcionalidade geral dos membros inferiores ou com o grau de cinesiofobia. Além disso, uma redução da força dos rotadores externos do quadril foi relacionada a aumento na intensidade da dor.
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Habilidades de manejo em cadeira de rodas são fundamentais para independência funcional de pessoas usuárias de cadeira de rodas. Ensiná-las, requer dos profissionais instrumentos que possam aferir a condição inicial do aprendiz permitindo verificar sua evolução durante o processo de intervenção. Objetivo: Validar um protocolo de avaliação de HMCR, com critérios dentro de conceitos e conhecimentos científicos existentes da psicometria. Método: Para construção e validação do instrumento, utilizamos o método Delphi de Survey e validade de conteúdo. Os participantes da pesquisa foram seis especialistas na área de atividades em cadeira de rodas com titulação de mestres ou doutores, usamos para medir a consistência interna do instrumento o alfa de Cronbach (α), índice de validade de conteúdo (IVC), Coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (CCI) e teste T de uma amostra com nível de 5% de significância. Resultados: Nos 17 itens obtivemos os critérios de clareza (CVI= 0,865±0,059; α= 0,834; CCI= 0,828; P<0,05), pertinência (CVI= 0,902±0,071; α= 0,774; CCI= 0,779; P<0,05), simplicidade (CVI= 0,918±0,054; α= 0,705; CCI= 0,694; P<0,05), objetividade (CVI= 0,888±0,067; α= 0,856; CCI= 0,850; P<0,05) e precisão (CVI= 0,922±0,060; α= 0,742; CCI= 0,721; P<0,05). Conclusão: Os itens na construção do instrumento de avaliação demonstram por meio da psicometria ser válido e garante medir aquilo que se propõe medir. A consistência interna dos itens garante que o desenvolvimento de uma escala se faz necessária para avaliação de pessoas com LM que utilizam CR, o que propõe novos estudos de aplicação do teste para concluirmos o processo de validação
Wheelchair management skills are essential for the functional independence of people using wheelchairs. Teaching them requires professionals to assess the initial condition of the apprentice, allowing them to verify their evolution during the intervention process. Objective: Validate an HMCR evaluation protocol, with criteria within existing concepts and scientific knowledge of psychometry. Method: For construction and validation of the instrument, we used the Delphi Survey method and content validity. The research participants were six specialists in the area of wheelchair activities with a master's or doctor's degree. We used Cronbach's alpha (α), content validity index (CVI), correlation coefficient to measure the internal consistency of the instrument intraclass (ICC) and T test of a sample with a 5% significance level. Results: 17 items we obtained for the criteria of clarity (CVI= 0.865 ± 0.059; α= 0.834; ICC= 0.828; P <0.05), relevance (CVI= 0.902 ± 0.071; α= 0.774; CCI= 0.779; P <0 , 05), simplicity (CVI= 0.918 ± 0.054; α= 0.705; CCI= 0.694; P <0.05), objectivity (CVI= 0.888 ± 0.067; α= 0.856; CCI= 0.850; P <0.05) and accuracy (CVI= 0.922 ± 0.060; α= 0.742; CCI= 0.721; P <0.05). Conclusion: Items in the construction of the assessment instrument demonstrate, by means of psychometry, to be valid and guarantee to measure what it is proposed to measure. Internal consistency of the items ensures that the development of a scale is necessary for the evaluation of people with SCI who use CR, which proposes new studies of application of the test to conclude the validation process
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BACKGOUND: Dynamic valgus has been the focus of many studies to identify its association to an increased risk of running-related injuries. However, it is not known which physical and biomechanical variables are associated with this movement dysfunction. RESEARCH QUESTION: This study aimed to test the correlation between strength, flexibility and biomechanical variables and dynamic valgus in female runners. METHODS: Twenty-nine healthy females ran on a treadmill at 2.92 m/s and performed strength, range of motion and endurance tests. Pelvic, hip and ankle kinematics were measured with a 3D motion analysis system. Six multiple linear regression models were used to identify the ability of physical and biomechanical variables to predict excursion and peak of contralateral pelvic drop, hip adduction and internal rotation. RESULTS: Contralateral pelvic drop and hip adduction were positively correlated to ankle eversion and step cadence. Hip internal rotation had a negative correlation with ankle eversion. Despite significance, predictor variables explained less than 30% of dynamic valgus variance during running. No interest variable had significant correlation with the hip strength and hip and ankle passive range of motion. SIGNIFICANCE: The results showed that distal joint kinematics and spatiotemporal variables should be considered during biomechanical running analysis to identify their possible relationship with joint overload caused by dynamic valgus. Caution should be taken when linking hip disorders during running to posterolateral hip strength and stiffness, core endurance, and ankle dorsiflexion range of motion since no correlation occurred amongstthese variables in this sample of female runners.
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Quadril/fisiologia , Força Muscular , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Corrida/lesões , Corrida/fisiologia , Adulto , Tornozelo/fisiologia , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Teste de Esforço , Feminino , Análise da Marcha , Humanos , Modelos Lineares , Movimento , Pelve/fisiologia , Amplitude de Movimento Articular , Rotação , Estudos de Tempo e Movimento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: to understand breastfeeding meanings and practices produced by women attending prenatal care at a Basic Health Unit in the Brazilian Northeast. METHODS: a social research characterized as participant research. A Focal Group was conducted with nine pregnant women who had other children. For the analysis, Discursive Practices and Production of Meanings in Everyday Life perspectives were worked out. RESULTS: prenatal care, mother-baby relationship, family, and pain/suffering categories were produced. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: breastfeeding benefits for the child, wife, family and society are numerous, but it is necessary for the woman to have access to a prenatal care and a qualified puerperium so that she feels supported by a perspective of comprehensive care.
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Aleitamento Materno/psicologia , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto/normas , Cuidado Pré-Natal/normas , Adulto , Brasil , Aleitamento Materno/métodos , Aleitamento Materno/tendências , Feminino , Humanos , Relações Mãe-Filho , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto/métodos , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto/tendências , Gravidez , Cuidado Pré-Natal/métodos , Cuidado Pré-Natal/psicologia , Pesquisa QualitativaRESUMO
Gait parameters have been investigated as an additional tool for differential diagnosis in neurocognitive disorders, especially among healthy elderly (HE), those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. A videogrammetry system could be used as a low-cost and clinically practical equipment to capture and analyze gait in older adults. The aim of this study was to select the better gait parameter to differentiate these groups among different motor test conditions with videogrammetry analyses. Different motor conditions were used in three specific assessments: 10-meter walk test (10mWT), timed up and go test (TUGT), and treadmill walk test (TWT). These tasks were compared among HE (n=17), MCI (n=23), and AD (n=23) groups. One-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and Bonferroni post-hoc tests were used to compare variables among groups. Then, an effect size (ES) and a linear regression analysis were calculated. The gait parameters showed significant differences among groups in all conditions, but not in TWT. Controlled by confounding variables, the gait velocity in 10mWT at usual speed, and TUGT in dual-task condition, predicts 39% and 53% of the difference among diagnoses, respectively. Finally, these results suggest that a low-cost and practical video analysis could be able to differentiate HE, those with MCI, and AD patients in clinical assessments.
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Doença de Alzheimer/fisiopatologia , Disfunção Cognitiva/fisiopatologia , Análise da Marcha/métodos , Gravação em Vídeo/métodos , Acidentes por Quedas , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Transversais , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Estudos de Tempo e Movimento , Teste de Caminhada/métodosRESUMO
Danofloxacin is a veterinary fluoroquinolone used to treat respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases of birds, pigs and cattle. The literature reviewed shows some analytical methods to quantify this fluoroquinolone, but microbiological and biological safety studies are limited. The analytical methods were validated by the Official Codes. The LC-DAD method was developed and validated using an RP-18 column, mobile phase containing a mixture of 0.3% triethylamine (pH 3.0) and acetonitrile (85:15, v/v). The microbiological assay was performed by agar diffusion method (3 x 3) and Staphylococcus epidermidis as a microorganism test. Forced degradation studies were performed in both methods. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was performed by test microdilution and toxicity studies were evaluated using in silico study, cell proliferation, cell viability test, micronuclei and comet assay. LC and a microbiological assay proved linear, accurate, precise, and robust to quantify danofloxacin, but only the LC method showed selectivity to quantify the drug in the presence of its degradation products. These results demonstrate that the LC method is suitable for stability studies of danofloxacin, but a microbiological assay cannot be used to quantify the drug due to the biological activity of the photoproducts. Ex-vivo cytotoxicity and theoretical and experimental genotoxicity were also observed.
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ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand breastfeeding meanings and practices produced by women attending prenatal care at a Basic Health Unit in the Brazilian Northeast. Methods: a social research characterized as participant research. A Focal Group was conducted with nine pregnant women who had other children. For the analysis, Discursive Practices and Production of Meanings in Everyday Life perspectives were worked out. Results: prenatal care, mother-baby relationship, family, and pain/suffering categories were produced. Final Considerations: breastfeeding benefits for the child, wife, family and society are numerous, but it is necessary for the woman to have access to a prenatal care and a qualified puerperium so that she feels supported by a perspective of comprehensive care.
RESUMEN Objetivos: comprender los sentidos y las prácticas sobre la lactancia producidos por las mujeres acompañadas en el prenatal en una Unidad Básica de Salud en el nordeste brasileño. Métodos: investigación social caracterizada como investigación participante. Ha realizado un Grupo Focal con nueve gestantes que ya tuvieron otros hijos. Para los análisis, la perspectiva de las prácticas discursivas y Producción de Sentidos en el Cotidiano fueron trabajadas. Resultados: Han producido las categorías: prenatal, relación madre-bebé, familia, y dolor/sufrimiento. Consideraciones Finales: son innumerables los beneficios de la lactancia para el niño, la mujer, la familia y la sociedad, pero es necesario que la mujer tenga acceso a un prenatal y una atención al puerperio calificado para que ella se sienta amparada desde una perspectiva del puerperio calificado, cuidado integral.
RESUMO Objetivos: compreender os sentidos e as práticas sobre a amamentação produzidos pelas mulheres acompanhadas no pré-natal em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde no nordeste brasileiro. Métodos: pesquisa social caracterizada como pesquisa participante. Foi realizado um Grupo Focal com nove gestantes que já tiveram outros filhos. Para as análises, a perspectiva das práticas discursivas e da Produção de Sentidos no Cotidiano foram trabalhadas. Resultados: foram produzidas as categorias: pré-natal, relação mãe-bebê, família, e dor/sofrimento. Considerações Finais: são inúmeros os benefícios da amamentação para a criança, a mulher, a família e a sociedade, porém é necessário que a mulher tenha acesso a um pré-natal e uma atenção ao puerpério qualificado para que ela se sinta amparada em uma perspectiva do cuidado integral.
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Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , Cuidado Pré-Natal/normas , Aleitamento Materno/psicologia , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto/normas , Cuidado Pré-Natal/psicologia , Cuidado Pré-Natal/métodos , Brasil , Aleitamento Materno/tendências , Aleitamento Materno/métodos , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto/tendências , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto/métodos , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Relações Mãe-FilhoRESUMO
Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a co-contração muscular (CCM) e ativação dos músculos vasto lateral (VL) vasto medial oblíquo (VMB) durante a marcha e uma amostra saudável grupo controle (GC) e pacientes submetidos a reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior (RLCA). Métodos: Vinte e três indivíduos participaram neste estudo, 14 GC e 9 RLCA. A atividade mioelétrica do VL e VMO foram captados para cálculo da CCM. A razão VL/VMO foi obtida dividindo o sinal normalizado desses dois músculos em cada ponto da curva. O valor da CCM e a relação de ativação na fase de apoio duplo, fase de apoio simples, fase de apoio terminal e fase de balanço foram obtidas pelo cálculo da média aritmética dos valores de intensidade da curva comum em cada intervalo. Resultado: CCM foi significativamente menor no grupo RLCA durante a fase de apoio dupla (p=0.001), efeito máximo (1.72). Não foram encontradas diferenças entre as outras comparações. Conclusão: O resultado desse estudo mostrou que a contração dos músculos VL e o VMO na fase inicial de apoio duplo da marcha foi diferente entre indivíduos saudáveis e submetidos a RLCA. Este achado pode estar relacionado a diminuição da estabilidade patelofemoral durante a resposta a carga, aumentando o potencial risco de desenvolver lesões nesta articulação.
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare vastus lateralis and vastus medialis oblique (VL/VMO) muscle co-contraction (MCC) and activation ratio during gait between healthy subjects- control group (CG), and those with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Methods: Twenty-three subjects participated in this study, 14 CG and 9 ACLR. The myoelectric activities of the VL and VMO were captured to calculate the MCC. The VL/VMO ratio was obtained by dividing the normalized signals of these two muscles at each point of the curve. The MCC values and the activation ratio in the initial double limb stance, single limb stance, terminal double limb stance and swing were obtained by calculating the arithmetic mean of the intensity values ââof the common curve in each interval. Results: MCC was significantly lower in the ACLR group during the initial double limb stance phase (p=0.001), with a high effect size (1.72). No significant differences were found for the other comparisons. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the VL and VMO muscles co-contraction in the initial double limb stance phase of gait was different between the healthy and ACLR individuals. This finding may be related to lower patellofemoral stability during the loading response, increasing the potential risk for the development of injuries in this joint.
Assuntos
Ligamento Cruzado Anterior , Síndrome da Dor Patelofemoral/reabilitação , EletromiografiaRESUMO
Motor dysfunction increases in the moderate and severe stages of dementia. However, there is still no consensus on changes in mobility during its early stages. This meta-analysis aimed to measure the level of single-task functional mobility in older subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and/or Alzheimer's disease (AD). In a search of the PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Scopus databases, 2728 articles were identified. At the end of the selection, a total of 18 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Functional mobility was investigated using the timed up and go (TUG) test in all studies. When compared to healthy elderly (HE) adults, the following mean differences (MD) in seconds were found for the investigated subgroups: no amnestic MCI (MDâ¯=â¯0.26; CI95% = -0.77, 1.29), amnestic MCI (MDâ¯=â¯0.86; CI95% = -0.02, 1.73), very mild AD (MDâ¯=â¯1.32; CI95%â¯=â¯0.63, 2.02), mild AD (MDâ¯=â¯2.43; CI95%â¯=â¯1.84, 3.01), mild-moderate AD (MDâ¯=â¯3.01; CI95%â¯=â¯2.47, 3.55), and mild-severe AD (MDâ¯=â¯4.51; CI95%â¯=â¯1.14, 7.88); for the groups, the following MD were found: MCI (MDâ¯=â¯0.97; CI95%â¯=â¯0.51, 1.44) and AD (MDâ¯=â¯2.66; CI95%â¯=â¯2.16, 3.15). These results suggest a transition period in motor capacity between healthy aging and dementia, wherein functional mobility analysis in a single-task (TUG) can contribute to the diagnosis and staging of predementia states and AD.
Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer/fisiopatologia , Disfunção Cognitiva/fisiopatologia , Idoso , Doença de Alzheimer/diagnóstico , Doença de Alzheimer/psicologia , Disfunção Cognitiva/diagnóstico , Disfunção Cognitiva/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Programas de Rastreamento , Equilíbrio Postural , Estudos de Tempo e MovimentoRESUMO
The Brazilian flora is very rich in edible fruits but only a fraction of this potential is known and properly used. In this study, we discuss the importance of Brazilian edible fruits using data recovered from the book "Dicionário das plantas úteis do Brasil e das exóticas cultivadas" (Dictionary of Useful Plants of Brazil and Exotic Cultivated), organized by the Portuguese botanist Manoel Pio Corrêa (1874-1934), in 1926. Data from 504 species were recorded from the book and several have attractive and/or sensorial characteristics, as tasty and sweet, that can contribute to stimulating their direct consumption. Only 25% of the recorded fruits have their health benefits determined in studies of bioactivity. A ranking (Priority Indexâ¯=â¯PI) was constructed in order to know the most promising fruits. Anacardium occidentale, Passiflora edulis and Acrocomia aculeata reached a higher PI. Among the families, Orchidaceae, Verbenaceae, Anacardiaceae and Caryocaraceae have a higher proportion of fruits with higher PI. Besides the health benefits, the market and management of these plants can contribute to biodiversity conservation and improve the income of local populations.
Assuntos
Biodiversidade , Frutas , Plantas Comestíveis , Anacardium , Arecaceae , Brasil , Frutas/classificação , Passiflora , Compostos Fitoquímicos , PaladarRESUMO
BACKGOUND: Leg length discrepancy (LLD) can be related to different pathologies, due to an inadequate distribution of mechanical loads, as well as gait kinematics asymmetries resulted from LLD. RESEARCH QUESTION: To validate a model to predict anatomical LLD (ALLD) based on gait kinematics. METHODS: Gait of 39 participants with different lower limb pathologies and mild discrepancy were collected. Pelvic, hip, knee and ankle kinematics were measured with a 3D motion analysis system and ALLD, femur discrepancy (FD) and tibia discrepancy (TD) were measured by a computerized digital radiograph. Three multiple linear regression models were used to identify the ability of kinematic variables to predict ALLD (model 1), FD (model 2) and TD (model 3). RESULTS: Difference between peak knee and hip flexion of the long and short lower limb was selected by models 1 (pâ¯<â¯0.001) and 2 (pâ¯<â¯0.001). Hip adduction was selected as a predictor only by model 1 (pâ¯=â¯0.05). Peak pelvic obliquity and ankle dorsiflexion were not selected by any model and model 3 did not retain any dependent variable (pâ¯>â¯0.05). Regression models predicted mild ALLD with moderate accuracy based on hip and knee kinematics during gait, but not ankle strategies. Excessive hip flexion of the longer limb possibly occurs to reduce the limb to equalize the LLD, and discrepancies of the femur and tibia affects gait cycle in a different way. SIGNIFICANCE: This study showed that kinematic variables during gait could be used as a screening tool to identify patients with ALLD, reducing unnecessary x-ray exposure and assisting rehabilitation programs.