RESUMO

Salmonella is a major cause of foodborne illness worldwide, and poultry and its derived products are the most common food products associated with salmonellosis outbreaks. Some countries, including Brazil, have experienced an increased prevalence of Salmonella Heidelberg among their poultry flocks. Some isolates have also presented high resistance to antimicrobial agents and persist in the poultry farm environment. This study aimed to compare the susceptibility of S. Heidelberg strains isolated in 2006 with those isolated in 2016 against disinfectants and antimicrobial agents. The results showed that all the strains were highly susceptible to sodium hypochlorite, regardless of the conditions and year of isolation. Resistance to benzalkonium chloride varied according to the conditions applied, but not to the year of isolation. Increased antimicrobial resistance from 2006-2016 was observed only for tetracycline. The results suggest that the antimicrobial and disinfectant resistance of S. Heidelberg did not increase for ten years (2006-2016). However, further analysis should include a larger number of S. Heidelberg isolates from poultry origin and additional antimicrobial agents for more precise conclusions about the increasing in antimicrobial resistance in the last years.(AU)

Salmonella é uma das principais causas das doenças transmitidas por alimento em todo o mundo, e a carne de frango e produtos derivados são os principais alimentos associados com surtos de salmonelose em humanos. Alguns países, incluindo o Brasil, têm observado um aumento da ocorrência de Salmonella Heidelberg nas suas granjas avícolas. Além disto, alguns isolados têm apresentado alta resistência aos antimicrobianos e têm persistido no ambiente de produção avícola. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a susceptibilidade de cepas de S. Heidelberg isoladas em 2006 com aquelas isoladas em 2016 contra desinfetantes e agentes antimicrobianos. Os resultados demonstraram que as cepas foram altamente resistentes a hipoclorito de sódio, independentemente das condições e do ano de isolamento. A resistência ao cloreto de benzalcônio variou de acordo com as condições testadas, mas não com o ano de isolamento. Um aumento da resistência aos antimicrobianos de 2006 a 2016 foi observado apenas para tetraciclina. Os resultados sugerem que a resistência aos desinfetantes e aos antimicrobianos não aumentou em um período de dez anos (2006-2016). Entretanto, novas análises devem incluir um número maior de cepas de S. Heidelberg isoladas de fontes avícolas e outros agentes antimicrobianos para uma conclusão mais precisa sobre o aumento da resistência antimicrobiana nos últimos anos.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Salmonella is a major cause of foodborne illness worldwide, and poultry and its derived products are the most common food products associated with salmonellosis outbreaks. Some countries, including Brazil, have experienced an increased prevalence of Salmonella Heidelberg among their poultry flocks. Some isolates have also presented high resistance to antimicrobial agents and persist in the poultry farm environment. This study aimed to compare the susceptibility of S. Heidelberg strains isolated in 2006 with those isolated in 2016 against disinfectants and antimicrobial agents. The results showed that all the strains were highly susceptible to sodium hypochlorite, regardless of the conditions and year of isolation. Resistance to benzalkonium chloride varied according to the conditions applied, but not to the year of isolation. Increased antimicrobial resistance from 2006-2016 was observed only for tetracycline. The results suggest that the antimicrobial and disinfectant resistance of S. Heidelberg did not increase for ten years (2006-2016). However, further analysis should include a larger number of S. Heidelberg isolates from poultry origin and additional antimicrobial agents for more precise conclusions about the increasing in antimicrobial resistance in the last years.(AU)

Salmonella é uma das principais causas das doenças transmitidas por alimento em todo o mundo, e a carne de frango e produtos derivados são os principais alimentos associados com surtos de salmonelose em humanos. Alguns países, incluindo o Brasil, têm observado um aumento da ocorrência de Salmonella Heidelberg nas suas granjas avícolas. Além disto, alguns isolados têm apresentado alta resistência aos antimicrobianos e têm persistido no ambiente de produção avícola. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a susceptibilidade de cepas de S. Heidelberg isoladas em 2006 com aquelas isoladas em 2016 contra desinfetantes e agentes antimicrobianos. Os resultados demonstraram que as cepas foram altamente resistentes a hipoclorito de sódio, independentemente das condições e do ano de isolamento. A resistência ao cloreto de benzalcônio variou de acordo com as condições testadas, mas não com o ano de isolamento. Um aumento da resistência aos antimicrobianos de 2006 a 2016 foi observado apenas para tetraciclina. Os resultados sugerem que a resistência aos desinfetantes e aos antimicrobianos não aumentou em um período de dez anos (2006-2016). Entretanto, novas análises devem incluir um número maior de cepas de S. Heidelberg isoladas de fontes avícolas e outros agentes antimicrobianos para uma conclusão mais precisa sobre o aumento da resistência antimicrobiana nos últimos anos.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

ABSTRACT: Salmonella is a major cause of foodborne illness worldwide, and poultry and its derived products are the most common food products associated with salmonellosis outbreaks. Some countries, including Brazil, have experienced an increased prevalence of Salmonella Heidelberg among their poultry flocks. Some isolates have also presented high resistance to antimicrobial agents and persist in the poultry farm environment. This study aimed to compare the susceptibility of S. Heidelberg strains isolated in 2006 with those isolated in 2016 against disinfectants and antimicrobial agents. The results showed that all the strains were highly susceptible to sodium hypochlorite, regardless of the conditions and year of isolation. Resistance to benzalkonium chloride varied according to the conditions applied, but not to the year of isolation. Increased antimicrobial resistance from 2006-2016 was observed only for tetracycline. The results suggest that the antimicrobial and disinfectant resistance of S. Heidelberg did not increase for ten years (2006-2016). However, further analysis should include a larger number of S. Heidelberg isolates from poultry origin and additional antimicrobial agents for more precise conclusions about the increasing in antimicrobial resistance in the last years.

RESUMO: Salmonella é uma das principais causas das doenças transmitidas por alimento em todo o mundo, e a carne de frango e produtos derivados são os principais alimentos associados com surtos de salmonelose em humanos. Alguns países, incluindo o Brasil, têm observado um aumento da ocorrência de Salmonella Heidelberg nas suas granjas avícolas. Além disto, alguns isolados têm apresentado alta resistência aos antimicrobianos e têm persistido no ambiente de produção avícola. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a susceptibilidade de cepas de S. Heidelberg isoladas em 2006 com aquelas isoladas em 2016 contra desinfetantes e agentes antimicrobianos. Os resultados demonstraram que as cepas foram altamente resistentes a hipoclorito de sódio, independentemente das condições e do ano de isolamento. A resistência ao cloreto de benzalcônio variou de acordo com as condições testadas, mas não com o ano de isolamento. Um aumento da resistência aos antimicrobianos de 2006 a 2016 foi observado apenas para tetraciclina. Os resultados sugerem que a resistência aos desinfetantes e aos antimicrobianos não aumentou em um período de dez anos (2006-2016). Entretanto, novas análises devem incluir um número maior de cepas de S. Heidelberg isoladas de fontes avícolas e outros agentes antimicrobianos para uma conclusão mais precisa sobre o aumento da resistência antimicrobiana nos últimos anos.

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of microbial biomass on the oxidative rancidity of tilapia rations stored for 12 months. Treatments included a control diet and diets supplemented with either 0.01% vitamin E, 0.25 and 0.5% of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and 0.25 and 0.5% of Spirulina platensis. Experimental diets were stored in the dark inside plastic bags at room temperature (25 °C) for 12 months. The oxidative rancidity was measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). It was concluded that the inclusions of Spirulina platensis at 0.25% (1.734 ± 0.206) and 0.5% (1.629 ± 0.181) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 0.5% (1.459 ± 0.305) minimized the oxidative rancidity in comparation to control diet (2.843 ± 0.109) of Nile tilapia until 12 months of storage.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da inclusão de biomassa microbiana sobre a rancidez oxidativa de rações de tilápia armazenadas por 12 meses. Os tratamentos incluíram uma dieta controle e dietas suplementadas com 0,01% de vitamina E 0,01%, com 0,25 e 0,5% de S. cerevisiae e com 0,25 e 0,5% de S. platensis. As dietas experimentais foram armazenadas em sacos plásticos escuros, em temperatura ambiente (25 °C), durante 12 meses. A rancidez oxidativa foi mensurada pelas substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS). Concluiu-se que as inclusões de 0,25% (1,734 ± 0,206) e 0,5% (1.629 ± 0.181) de Spirulina platensis e 0,5% (1.459 ± 0.305) de Saccharomyces cerevisiae reduziram a rancidez das dietas em comparação a dieta controle de tilápias-do-Nilo após 12 meses de armazenamento.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of microbial biomass on the oxidative rancidity of tilapia rations stored for 12 months. Treatments included a control diet and diets supplemented with either 0.01% vitamin E, 0.25 and 0.5% of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and 0.25 and 0.5% of Spirulina platensis. Experimental diets were stored in the dark inside plastic bags at room temperature (25 °C) for 12 months. The oxidative rancidity was measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). It was concluded that the inclusions of Spirulina platensis at 0.25% (1.734 ± 0.206) and 0.5% (1.629 ± 0.181) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 0.5% (1.459 ± 0.305) minimized the oxidative rancidity in comparation to control diet (2.843 ± 0.109) of Nile tilapia until 12 months of storage.

RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da inclusão de biomassa microbiana sobre a rancidez oxidativa de rações de tilápia armazenadas por 12 meses. Os tratamentos incluíram uma dieta controle e dietas suplementadas com 0,01% de vitamina E 0,01%, com 0,25 e 0,5% de S. cerevisiae e com 0,25 e 0,5% de S. platensis. As dietas experimentais foram armazenadas em sacos plásticos escuros, em temperatura ambiente (25 °C), durante 12 meses. A rancidez oxidativa foi mensurada pelas substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS). Concluiu-se que as inclusões de 0,25% (1,734 ± 0,206) e 0,5% (1.629 ± 0.181) de Spirulina platensis e 0,5% (1.459 ± 0.305) de Saccharomyces cerevisiae reduziram a rancidez das dietas em comparação a dieta controle de tilápias-do-Nilo após 12 meses de armazenamento.

RESUMO

Background: Corynebacterium bovis is the species among the Corynebacterium spp. more often isolated from mammary glands and despite being classified as a secondary pathogen, its role in intramammary infection is not yet defined. Some studies have shown that this agent causes no change in production and milk composition, while others noted the ability of Corynebacterium sp. in causing mastitis, considering it as a limiting factor for production of quality milk. This study aims were to determine the prevalence of Corynebacterium sp. in herds of five Brazilian States and assess the risk factors associated with the presence of this agent in milk samples. It was also analyzed the influence of Corynebacterium sp. on the California Mastitis Test of each cow in the dairy herds in Santa Catarina State (SC), Brazil. Materials, Methods & Results: It was conducted a longitudinal study in dairy herds in the States of Pernambuco (PE), Minas Gerais (MG), Paraná (PR), Santa Catarina (SC) and Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Herds were sampled four times in the period from January 2010 to July 2011, at six months intervals. Milk samples were collected from each animal, composed of the mixture of the four mammary quarters, packed in ice and sent to laboratories responsible for each State for microbiological analysis. Bacteria examination was performed by inoculation 10 µL of each milk sample, using a calibrated disposable loop on blood Agar plates with 5% sheep blood and incubated at 37ºC for 24 - 48 h. The microorganisms were identified following the recomendations of National Mastitis Council (NMC). From the total of 4949 milk samples, 666 (13,46%) were positive for Corynebacterium sp. The results of bacterial isolation and identification, and questionnaire data from herds in the States of Minas Gerais (MG), Pernambuco (PE), Paraná (PR) and Rio Grande do Sul (RS) were sent to the CAV/UDESC - Lages, SC. A questionnaire was applied to the farmers for information on management practices for milking and mastitis control including questions about foremilk stripping, washing and drying udders before milking, teat disinfection before and after milking, and treatment of clinical cases and of dry cows. Only in herds from Santa Catarina State California Mastitis Test (CMT) was performed in the milk of animals sampled as an indirect measure of somatic cell count (SCC). The prevalence of Corynebacterium sp. in herds from Minas Gerais State showed a significant higher difference in relation to the herds in other States, with a percentage of isolation of 21,07%. Discussion: Although Corynebacterium sp. is considered a secondary pathogen, the isolation of this agent was comparable to the observed for Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae, which are considered major pathogens. Corynebacterium sp. was isolated in all dairy herds of Minas Gerais and Pernambuco States. The risk factors evaluated through the questionnaire showed no significant influence on the isolation of Corynebacterium sp. of milk samples from herds in all five States. The isolation of Corynebacterium sp. was related to changes in California Mastitis Test of milk samples from herds in Santa Catarina State, not only in the number of positive mammary quarters, but also in the California Mastitis Test score.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: Corynebacterium bovis is the species among the Corynebacterium spp. more often isolated from mammary glands and despite being classified as a secondary pathogen, its role in intramammary infection is not yet defined. Some studies have shown that this agent causes no change in production and milk composition, while others noted the ability of Corynebacterium sp. in causing mastitis, considering it as a limiting factor for production of quality milk. This study aims were to determine the prevalence of Corynebacterium sp. in herds of five Brazilian States and assess the risk factors associated with the presence of this agent in milk samples. It was also analyzed the influence of Corynebacterium sp. on the California Mastitis Test of each cow in the dairy herds in Santa Catarina State (SC), Brazil. Materials, Methods & Results: It was conducted a longitudinal study in dairy herds in the States of Pernambuco (PE), Minas Gerais (MG), Paraná (PR), Santa Catarina (SC) and Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Herds were sampled four times in the period from January 2010 to July 2011, at six months intervals. Milk samples were collected from each animal, composed of the mixture of the four mammary quarters, packed in ice and sent to laboratories responsible for each State for microbiological analysis. Bacteria examination was performed by inoculation 10 µL of each milk sample, using a

A mastite bovina é a enfermidade que mais causa prejuízos na pecuária leiteira tendo como principal causa as bactérias, divididas em agentes ambientais e contagiosos. [...]

RESUMO

Background: Corynebacterium bovis is the species among the Corynebacterium spp. more often isolated from mammary glands and despite being classified as a secondary pathogen, its role in intramammary infection is not yet defined. Some studies have shown that this agent causes no change in production and milk composition, while others noted the ability of Corynebacterium sp. in causing mastitis, considering it as a limiting factor for production of quality milk. This study aims were to determine the prevalence of Corynebacterium sp. in herds of five Brazilian States and assess the risk factors associated with the presence of this agent in milk samples. It was also analyzed the influence of Corynebacterium sp. on the California Mastitis Test of each cow in the dairy herds in Santa Catarina State (SC), Brazil. Materials, Methods & Results: It was conducted a longitudinal study in dairy herds in the States of Pernambuco (PE), Minas Gerais (MG), Paraná (PR), Santa Catarina (SC) and Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Herds were sampled four times in the period from January 2010 to July 2011, at six months intervals. Milk samples were collected from each animal, composed of the mixture of the four mammary quarters, packed in ice and sent to laboratories responsible for each State for microbiological analysis. Bacteria examination was performed by inoculation 10 µL of each milk sample, using a

A mastite bovina é a enfermidade que mais causa prejuízos na pecuária leiteira tendo como principal causa as bactérias, divididas em agentes ambientais e contagiosos. [...]