RESUMO
Zinc and boron are nutrients that often suffer low bioavailability to pecan trees grown in calcareous soils whereas adequate supplies of these two elements is essential for commercial pecan production. Working with young pecan trees, we evaluated changes in oxidative metabolism, levels of bioactive compounds, yield components and foliar nutrient concentrations in response to foliar sprays (50 or 100 mg L-1) of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and boron (H3BO3). Four different treatment solutions were applied in a completely randomised design with six replications per treatment (24 trees in total). Zinc and B treatments were applied before pistil receptivity (3 weeks before anthesis) and at stem elongation stage 31, 39/60; flowering stage 69; fruit stages 7-75 and continued for a total of five applications at 14-day intervals. We evaluated enzyme activities (SOD, H2O2, CAT and GPx), AC, phenols, flavonoids, leaf area, chlorophyll, total anthocyanins and nut yield and quality (nut weight and % kernel). The mineral concentrations in the leaflets were also determined. The mineral concentrations (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn, Ni, Zn and B) in the leaflets were also determined. Spraying ZnO NPs and B increased SOD activity, CA, chlorophyll concentration, mineral nutrients (N, K, Ca, Zn and B) and yield. However, reductions were observed for CAT activity, nut quality and concentrations of phenol, flavonoid, anthocyanin and Fe. Boron increased GPx activity and P concentration. These results demonstrate that spraying low doses (50 mg L-1) of ZnO NPs and B can help reduce oxidative stress and increase yield, nut quality and leaf concentrations of Zn and B in young cv. Wichita pecan trees established on a calcareous soil.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Here, Leishmania presence in sand flies from Três Lagoas, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, after visceral leishmaniasis (VL) was investigated. METHODS: In April 2022, two light traps were deployed within and around the residence for two days post-VL case report. RESULTS: A total of 120 Lutzomyia longipalpis were collected. Suprapyloric flagellates were found in a female sand fly with eggs and residual blood during midgut dissection. Sequencing of ITS1 and cytb fragments confirmed Leishmania infantum DNA and identified Homo sapiens as the blood source, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study emphasizes the importance of monitoring sand flies in VL endemic areas.
Assuntos
Leishmania infantum , Leishmaniose Visceral , Psychodidae , Animais , Feminino , Leishmaniose Visceral/epidemiologia , Leishmania infantum/genética , Brasil/epidemiologia , Incidência , Insetos VetoresRESUMO
RESUMEN En los últimos años el agronegocio porcino creció significativamente a nivel nacional y departamental; esta cadena productiva está conformada por proveedores de insumos, productores primarios, comercializadores, agroindustria, comercio mayorista, comercio minorista y consumidores. El presente estudio caracterizó los agentes del mercado que interactúan a lo largo de la cadena productiva y, además, cuantificó los márgenes de comercialización de la carne de cerdo en la subregión del Valle de Aburrá, departamento de Antioquia (Colombia). Para ello, se aplicó muestreo no probabilístico a conveniencia, adicionalmente, se aplicó una encuesta a 30 productores y entrevista semiestructurada a cinco agentes de mercadeo. Se encontraron dos circuitos de comercialización principales: productor-expendedor de carne y productor-intermediario-expendedor de carne. Los precios pagados a los agentes que interactúan en el circuito de la carne de cerdo en el Valle de Aburrá presentan tendencia al alza. El precio pagado por el consumidor final al expendedor de carne crece en mayor proporción que los precios pagados a la intermediación y al productor primario.
ABSTRACT Pork agribusiness has greatly increased at the province and national level in recent years. The productive chain includes input suppliers, farmers, animal re-sellers, abattoirs, meat packers, wholesale traders, retailers, and consumers. This study described the market agents that interact along this productive chain, and quantified the pork-marketing shares in Aburrá Valley, Antioquia province (Colombia). A convenience sampling was used in this study. A survey was applied to 30 producers and a semi-structured interview to five marketing agents. Two main marketing circuits were found: producer-meat vendor, and producer-broker-meat vendor. The prices paid to the agents that interact in the pork meat circuit in the Aburrá Valley show an upward trend. The price paid by the final consumer to the meat vendor grows in greater proportion than the prices paid to the brokers and to the primary producer.
RESUMO
En pacientes con sintomatologia mamaria como tension premenstrual y mastodinia, observamos relacion con el empleo reciente de cremas faciales de "belleza". El estudio de estas cremas por RIA demostro en 6 de las 7 cremas estudiadas un contenido de estradiol variable, en una de las cremas fue tan alto que alcanzo 1683 pg/gr de crema. Se hace una revision somera sobre las ventajas e inconvenientes de la absorcion de estrogenos por la piel y se recomienda que el Ministerio de Sanidad tome las medidas necesarias para la proteccion del publico consumidor