RESUMO
This study was performed to evaluate the impact of dietary protein levels on nutrient digestibility and water and nitrogen balances in conditioning eventing horses. Twenty-four Brazilian Sport Horses, male and female (8.0 to 15.0 yr; 488 ± 32 kg BW), were used in a randomized design with 4 levels of CP diets: 7.5%, 9.0%, 11.0%, and 13.0%. A digestion assay was performed with partial feces collection over 4 d, followed by 1 d of total urine collection. Data were submitted to regression analysis and adjusted to linear and quadratic models (P < 0.05). No differences were observed in the intake of DM, OM, EE, ADF, and NDF as a function of dietary protein levels. Dry matter intake average was 1.7% of BW. CP and N intake showed a linear increase as a function of increasing protein level in diets. A quadratic response (P < 0.05) was observed on the CP and NDF digestibility coefficients, with the maximum estimated level of digestibility at 11.6% and 11.4% CP in the diet, respectively. There was a linear effect on ADF digestibility coefficients, digestible DM and protein intake, and CP/DE ratio according to dietary protein levels. There was no impact of dietary protein levels on daily water intake, total water intake, or fecal water excretion. Urinary excretion values showed a linear increase in response to increased dietary protein levels, but no impact was observed on water balance, with an average of 8.4 L/d. Nitrogen intake (NI), N absorption (NA), and urinary N increased linearly as a function of increasing dietary protein levels. There was no impact of dietary protein levels on N retention (NR), with an average of 7.5 g N/d. Nitrogen retention as a percentage of NI or NA showed no significant changes in the function of dietary protein levels. There was an impact of dietary protein levels on the digestibility coefficient of CP, NDF, ADF, and digestible protein intake on conditioning eventing horses. The 11.6% CP level in the diet provided an intake of 2.25 g CP/kg BW and 0.37 g N/kg BW, and this intake was the most appropriate for the conditioning of intensely exercised horses, considering the responses related to NI, NA, and the estimated NR to NA ratio. The NDF and ADF responses indicated that dietary fiber was more digested with an increased amount of N in the digestive tract.
Assuntos
Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Animal/efeitos dos fármacos , Dieta/veterinária , Proteínas Alimentares/farmacologia , Alimentos , Cavalos/metabolismo , Nitrogênio/metabolismo , Água/metabolismo , Ração Animal , Animais , Brasil , Digestão/efeitos dos fármacos , Digestão/fisiologia , Fezes , Feminino , Masculino , Modelos Estatísticos , Condicionamento Físico Animal/fisiologiaAssuntos
Doenças do Ânus/diagnóstico , Doenças do Colo/diagnóstico , Doenças Retais/diagnóstico , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Colonoscopia , Diarreia/diagnóstico , Diarreia/etiologia , Endoscopia , Incontinência Fecal/diagnóstico , Humanos , Melena/diagnóstico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Palpação , SigmoidoscopiaRESUMO
Em ecotopos naturais de varios municipios dos Estados de Sao Paulo e Minas Gerais foram capturados gambas do genero Didelphis, naturalmente infectados, dos quais foram selecionados 25 exemplares de cada subespecie, D. albiventris e D. aurita.Nestes animais foram feitos 4 hemoculturas (5 tubos de cada vez) e 4 xenodiagnosticos seriados (5 insetos de cada especie), sendo utilizado o meio de Warren e as especies de triatomineos Panstrongylus megistus Triatoma sordida e Rhodnius neglectus, com intervalo de uma semana entre cada repeticao. Os resultados foram submetidos a analise de varianca e ao teste de Duncan, o qual demonstrou que houve um aumento de eficiencia dos dois metodos, a medida em que sao repetidos os exames e que os xenodiagnosticos sempre foram superiores as hemoculturas
Assuntos
Animais , Doença de ChagasRESUMO
Pesquisas realizadas em ecotopos silvestres em municipios do Alto Sao Francisco, M.G., levaram ao encontro de ninfas e adultos do T.arthurneivai em Divinopolis, Itauna, Bom Despacho e Para de Minas. O triatomineo so foi encontrado entre pedras amontoadas e muros de pedras arruinados ou, em fendas e cavidades de rochas. Nesses ecotopos, convive com pequenos roedores e com largatixas sobre os quais se alimentam. Dois exemplares, uma femea e uma ninfa, cujo conteudo do tubo digestivo deu reacoes de precipitina positivas com soro anti-rato, mostraram-se infectados por tripanossomos identificados como T. cruzi em camundongos jovens com eles infectados