RESUMO
Petunia plants from a nursery in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, showed pronounced vein banding and contained isometric particles with diameters of approximately 45 and 30 nm. The larger ones apparently represent a caulimovirus, while the smaller ones, which included both empty shells and full particles, were identified as those of a new tymovirus for which we propose the name Petunia vein banding virus (PetVBV). Originally, PetVBV was transmitted only with difficulty to healthy petunia plants. However, from an experimentally infected petu-nia, it was later readily transmitted also to Nicotiana benthamiana and Nicandra physalodes, but not to other species in the Solanaceae or other plant families. It produces cytopathic effects typical for tymovirus infections. Its coat protein shows approximately 65% amino acid sequence identity with those of Eggplant mosaic and Andean potato latent viruses, to which it is also serologically more closely related than to any other tymoviruses.