RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Prebiotics and probiotics may be effective dietary components that can alter the gut microbiota of the host and, consequently, overcome imbalances associated with obesity. This work aimed to evaluate the synergistic and isolated effects and mechanisms by which probiotic yogurt containing Bifidobacterium animalis and/or Lactobacillus acidophilus and yacon flour alter metabolic parameters and inflammatory and insulin signaling proteins in diet-induced obese mice. Swiss mice were fed a high-fat diet (n = 48) or a standard diet (control; n = 6) for 56 days. The 42 mice that gained the most weight were selected and divided into seven groups that received different combinations of probiotic yogurt and yacon flour. After 30 days, biochemical parameters (blood glucose, serum total cholesterol, and triacylglycerols), crude fat excretion in feces, and periepididymal fat were assessed and an immunoblotting analysis of insulin signaling proteins and interleukin-1ß was conducted. RESULTS: The combination of yacon flour and a yogurt with two strains of probiotics exerted positive effects on the parameters evaluated, such as decreased body weight (-6.5%; P < 0.05), fasting glucose (-23.1%; P < 0.05), and triacylglycerol levels (-21.4%; P < 0.05) and decreased periepididymal fat accumulation (-44.2%; P < 0.05). There was a decrease in inflammatory markers (P < 0.001) and an improvement in insulin signaling (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The combination of a prebiotic with two strains of probiotics in a food matrix may exert a protective effect against obesity-associated inflammation, improving insulin resistance, even in the short term. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Assuntos
Dieta Hiperlipídica , Probióticos , Animais , Camundongos , Iogurte , Camundongos Obesos , Insulina , Farinha , Prebióticos , Probióticos/farmacologia , Obesidade/metabolismoRESUMO
Abstract Thrombocytopenia is frequently observed in hemodialysis patients, and its correct investigation and control remain a challenge. It is estimated that during the hemodialysis session there is a drop of up to 15% in the platelet count, with recovery after the end of treatment. This reduction in platelets is due to platelet adhesion and complement activation, regardless of the membrane material. Several studies with platelet surface markers demonstrate increased platelet activation and aggregation secondary to exposure to cardiopulmonary bypass. This case report describes a patient on hemodialysis who developed severe thrombocytopenia during hospitalization. Investigation and exclusion of the most common causes were carried out: heparin-related thrombocytopenia, adverse drug reaction, hypersplenism, and hematological diseases. Afterwards, the possibility of hemodialysis-related thrombocytopenia was raised, since the fall was accentuated during the sessions with partial recovery after the dialyzer change. Attention to the sterilization method and dialyzer reuse must be considered for correction. In the current case, reusing the dialyzer minimized the drop in platelet counts associated with hemodialysis.
Resumo Plaquetopenia é frequentemente observada em pacientes em hemodiálise, e sua correta investigação e controle permanecem um desafio. Estima-se que, durante a sessão de hemodiálise, ocorra queda de até 15% da contagem de plaquetas, com recuperação após o término do tratamento. Essa queda de plaquetas é decorrente de adesão plaquetária e ativação do complemento, independentemente do material da membrana. Vários estudos com marcadores de superfície plaquetária demonstram aumento da ativação e agregação plaquetária secundários à exposição à circulação extracorpórea. Este relato de caso mostra um paciente dialítico que evoluiu com plaquetopenia severa durante internação. Realizada investigação e exclusão de causas mais comuns: plaquetopenia relacionada à heparina, reação adversa a medicamentos, hiperesplenismo e doenças hematológicas, foi então aventada a possibilidade de plaquetopenia relacionada à hemodiálise após observação de que a queda se acentuava durante as sessões de hemodiálise com recuperação parcial após. Mudança do dialisador, atenção ao método de esterilização e realização do reuso devem ser consideradas para correção. No presente caso, a utilização do reuso minimizou a plaquetopenia associada a hemodiálise.
RESUMO
Thrombocytopenia is frequently observed in hemodialysis patients, and its correct investigation and control remain a challenge. It is estimated that during the hemodialysis session there is a drop of up to 15% in the platelet count, with recovery after the end of treatment. This reduction in platelets is due to platelet adhesion and complement activation, regardless of the membrane material. Several studies with platelet surface markers demonstrate increased platelet activation and aggregation secondary to exposure to cardiopulmonary bypass. This case report describes a patient on hemodialysis who developed severe thrombocytopenia during hospitalization. Investigation and exclusion of the most common causes were carried out: heparin-related thrombocytopenia, adverse drug reaction, hypersplenism, and hematological diseases. Afterwards, the possibility of hemodialysis-related thrombocytopenia was raised, since the fall was accentuated during the sessions with partial recovery after the dialyzer change. Attention to the sterilization method and dialyzer reuse must be considered for correction. In the current case, reusing the dialyzer minimized the drop in platelet counts associated with hemodialysis.
Assuntos
Diálise Renal , Trombocitopenia , Ativação do Complemento , Humanos , Contagem de Plaquetas , Diálise Renal/efeitos adversos , Trombocitopenia/induzido quimicamenteRESUMO
Pereskia grandifolia Haworth (PGH) and Pereskia aculeata Miller (PAM) are recognized sources of proteins; dietary fiber; vitamins and minerals make this plant leaves, raw, cooked, and braised, an important ally against protein and micronutrient deficiencies. One of the main problems is the presence of antinutritional factors that may interfere in the digestibility and bioavailability of some nutrients. The objective was to evaluate the amino acid profile and the chemical score of the raw leaves and the effects of heating media and time on the total dietary fiber, minerals, trypsin inhibition, oxalic acid and tannins of leaves of PGH and PAM. The samples had similar amino acid profiles and total dietary fiber. With regard to antinutritional compounds, heating the leaves of PGH led to a decrease in trypsin inhibition, primarily after the first minutes of wet cooking. Oxalic acid and tannins predominated in both species. Considering the interaction with time, the variables related to iron and zinc minimized the tannin responses in PGH and PAM, respectively. Heating media and times interfered with the chemical components present in the leaves of Pereskia species and led to high antinutrient retention after heat treatment.
Assuntos
Cactaceae/química , Valor Nutritivo , Verduras/química , Aminoácidos/análise , Cactaceae/classificação , Fibras na Dieta/análise , Manipulação de Alimentos , Minerais/análise , Proteínas/análise , Taninos/análise , Verduras/classificaçãoRESUMO
Abstract Purpose: To investigate the fatty acid content of different fat sources and evaluate the effect of them on plasma and hepatic lipids and on the fatty acid profile of the brain tissue of Wistar rats. Methods: Thirty male albino Wistar rats received for 59 days, the following diets: diet added of margarine with low content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA); diet added of margarine with high content of PUFA; diet added of butter; diet added of hydrogenated vegetable fat; diet added of soybean oil. Fatty acid profile of the lipid sources, blood and hepatic lipids fractions and fatty acid profile of the brain tissue were determined. Results: Margarine consumption of provided different responses as to concentrations of blood and hepatic lipid fractions. Intake of butter and hydrogenated increased LDL-c/HDL-c ratio, being the steepest increase promoted by hydrogenated vegetable fat, which also raised LDL-c levels expressively. All fats used in the treatments reduced the cerebral concentration of docosahexaenoic acid when compared to soybean oil (control). Conclusion: The different fat sources commonly consumed by population provided different responses in vivo. This is particularly relevant considering the role of these lipids in the incidence and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Manteiga/análise , Ácidos Graxos Insaturados/metabolismo , Lipídeos/sangue , Fígado/metabolismo , Margarina/análise , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Colesterol/sangue , Ratos Wistar , Dieta , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Ácidos Graxos Insaturados/química , Crescimento , Hidrogenação , Fígado/químicaRESUMO
Purpose: To investigate the fatty acid content of different fat sources and evaluate the effect of them on plasma and hepatic lipids and on the fatty acid profile of the brain tissue of Wistar rats. Methods: Thirty male albino Wistar rats received for 59 days, the following diets: diet added of margarine with low content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA); diet added of margarine with high content of PUFA; diet added of butter; diet added of hydrogenated vegetable fat; diet added of soybean oil. Fatty acid profile of the lipid sources, blood and hepatic lipids fractions and fatty acid profile of the brain tissue were determined. Results: Margarine consumption of provided different responses as to concentrations of blood and hepatic lipid fractions. Intake of butter and hydrogenated increased LDL-c/HDL-c ratio, being the steepest increase promoted by hydrogenated vegetable fat, which also raised LDL-c levels expressively. All fats used in the treatments reduced the cerebral concentration of docosahexaenoic acid when compared to soybean oil (control). Conclusion: The different fat sources commonly consumed by population provided different responses in vivo. This is particularly relevant considering the role of these lipids in the incidence and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Gorduras na Dieta/análise , Gorduras na Dieta/metabolismo , Ácidos Graxos/análise , Dislipidemias , Modelos Animais , Ratos WistarRESUMO
PURPOSE: To investigate the fatty acid content of different fat sources and evaluate the effect of them on plasma and hepatic lipids and on the fatty acid profile of the brain tissue of Wistar rats. METHODS: Thirty male albino Wistar rats received for 59 days, the following diets: diet added of margarine with low content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA); diet added of margarine with high content of PUFA; diet added of butter; diet added of hydrogenated vegetable fat; diet added of soybean oil. Fatty acid profile of the lipid sources, blood and hepatic lipids fractions and fatty acid profile of the brain tissue were determined. RESULTS: Margarine consumption of provided different responses as to concentrations of blood and hepatic lipid fractions. Intake of butter and hydrogenated increased LDL-c/HDL-c ratio, being the steepest increase promoted by hydrogenated vegetable fat, which also raised LDL-c levels expressively. All fats used in the treatments reduced the cerebral concentration of docosahexaenoic acid when compared to soybean oil (control). CONCLUSION: The different fat sources commonly consumed by population provided different responses in vivo. This is particularly relevant considering the role of these lipids in the incidence and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
Assuntos
Encéfalo/metabolismo , Manteiga/análise , Ácidos Graxos Insaturados/metabolismo , Lipídeos/sangue , Fígado/metabolismo , Margarina/análise , Animais , Colesterol/sangue , Dieta , Ácidos Graxos Insaturados/química , Crescimento , Hidrogenação , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Fígado/química , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Triglicerídeos/sangueRESUMO
PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of kefir and banana pulp and skin flours on the serum levels of total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c and triacylglycerols in rats fed cholesterol-rich diet. METHODS: Thirty Male Wistar rats were used. In the first 21 days, the animals were fed purified hypercholesterolemic diets, except the standard group. In the next 21 days, the animals were given modified diets: Group GC: standard diet AIN-93G; Group HIP: hypercholesterolemic diet; Group F: hypercholesterolemic diet added of 1% of banana skin flour and 7% of banana pulp flour; Group Q: hypercholesterolemic diet plus kefir suspension by oral infusion (1.5 ml/animal); Group FQ: hypercholesterolemic diet added of 1% banana skin flour and 7% of banana pulp flour plus kefir suspension (1.5 ml/animal). RESULTS: In spite of the high fiber content, the addition of banana pulp (7%) and skin (1%) flour did not alter the plasma levels of total cholesterol, HDL-c and LDL-c. However, they reduced the TG levels in 22%. Already fermented kefir reduced significantly the levels of VLDL, LDL-c and triacylglycerols, in addition to having increased HDL-c. However, it was not possible to verify the symbiotic effect between both. CONCLUSION: The results reinforce the beneficial effects of kefir in reducing the risks of cardiovascular diseases.
Assuntos
Produtos Fermentados do Leite/química , Hipercolesterolemia/dietoterapia , Musa/química , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Animais , Colesterol/sangue , Colesterol na Dieta/sangue , Masculino , Probióticos/uso terapêutico , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Valores de Referência , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Resultado do Tratamento , Triglicerídeos/sangueRESUMO
PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of kefir and banana pulp and skin flours on the serum levels of total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c and triacylglycerols in rats fed cholesterol-rich diet. METHODS: Thirty Male Wistar rats were used. In the first 21 days, the animals were fed purified hypercholesterolemic diets, except the standard group. In the next 21 days, the animals were given modified diets: Group GC: standard diet AIN-93G; Group HIP: hypercholesterolemic diet; Group F: hypercholesterolemic diet added of 1% of banana skin flour and 7% of banana pulp flour; Group Q: hypercholesterolemic diet plus kefir suspension by oral infusion (1.5 ml/animal); Group FQ: hypercholesterolemic diet added of 1% banana skin flour and 7% of banana pulp flour plus kefir suspension (1.5 ml/animal). RESULTS: In spite of the high fiber content, the addition of banana pulp (7%) and skin (1%) flour did not alter the plasma levels of total cholesterol, HDL-c and LDL-c. However, they reduced the TG levels in 22%. Already fermented kefir reduced significantly the levels of VLDL, LDL-c and triacylglycerols, in addition to having increased HDL-c. However, it was not possible to verify the symbiotic effect between both. CONCLUSION: The results reinforce the beneficial effects of kefir in reducing the risks of cardiovascular diseases.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Produtos Fermentados do Leite/química , Hipercolesterolemia/dietoterapia , Musa/química , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Colesterol na Dieta/sangue , Colesterol/sangue , Probióticos/uso terapêutico , Ratos Wistar , Valores de Referência , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Resultado do Tratamento , Triglicerídeos/sangueRESUMO
PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of kefir and banana pulp and skin flours on the serum levels of total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c and triacylglycerols in rats fed cholesterol-rich diet. METHODS: Thirty Male Wistar rats were used. In the first 21 days, the animals were fed purified hypercholesterolemic diets, except the standard group. In the next 21 days, the animals were given modified diets: Group GC: standard diet AIN-93G; Group HIP: hypercholesterolemic diet; Group F: hypercholesterolemic diet added of 1% of banana skin flour and 7% of banana pulp flour; Group Q: hypercholesterolemic diet plus kefir suspension by oral infusion (1.5 ml/animal); Group FQ: hypercholesterolemic diet added of 1% banana skin flour and 7% of banana pulp flour plus kefir suspension (1.5 ml/animal). RESULTS: In spite of the high fiber content, the addition of banana pulp (7%) and skin (1%) flour did not alter the plasma levels of total cholesterol, HDL-c and LDL-c. However, they reduced the TG levels in 22%. Already fermented kefir reduced significantly the levels of VLDL, LDL-c and triacylglycerols, in addition to having increased HDL-c. However, it was not possible to verify the symbiotic effect between both. CONCLUSION: The results reinforce the beneficial effects of kefir in reducing the risks of cardiovascular diseases.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Musa , Pele/anatomia & histologia , Colesterol , Doenças Cardiovasculares/patologia , Ratos , Probióticos/análiseRESUMO
A presente investigação buscou identificar características e especificidades que permeiam o trabalho psicoterápico com mulheres idosas, de modo a evidenciar os desafios dessa clínica, tanto do ponto de vista teórico, quanto epistemológico. Realizou-se uma pesquisa de campo, de cunho exploratório, por meio do método clínico-qualitativo. As doze sessões psicoterápicas realizaram-se no Centro de Formação de Psicologia Aplicada da Universidade Católica de Brasília, com oito mulheres com idades entre 61 e 71 anos, sendo todos os encontros gravados em áudio. A análise de conteúdo dos relatos das participantes levou à construção de quatro categorias: identidade do sujeito e identidade de grupo, sexualidade e somato-psíquica. Os resultados indicaram um fortalecimento da identidade a partir da sustentação do grupo, a sexualidade se revelou amortecida e associada a risco e a ausência de prazer, a desestabilização somática expressa a relação dessas mulheres com seu corpo, consigo mesmas e com o mundo a sua volta.
This study aimed to identify characteristics and specificities that permeate the psychotherapeutic work with older women, in order to highlight the challenges of this clinic, both from a theoretical standpoint, as epistemological. We conducted a field study of exploratory, through the clinical-qualitative method. The twelve psychotherapy sessions were held at the Training Centre of Applied Psychology at the Catholic University of Brasilia, with eight women aged between 61 and 71 years, and all encounters recorded audio. The content analysis of the reports of the participants led to the construction of four categories: subject identity and group identity, sexuality and somato-psychic. The results indicated a strengthening of the identity from the group support, sexuality is revealed damped and the associated risk and the absence of pleasure, destabilization somatic expresses the relationship of these women with their bodies, and the world around themselves.
RESUMO
A case of transverse sinus thrombosis is described in an adolescent male with antecedent meningomyelocele corrected by surgery, and ventriculo-peritoneal derivation. Four months before the occurrence of thrombosis, he presented with bilateral otitis media and mastoiditis, and was treated with antibiotic. Magnetic resonance images were not obtained before referral to our hospital. The patient received full anticoagulation and his clinical course was uneventful. He remains asymptomatic under outpatient surveillance till this report. The aim of reporting the case is to emphasize the role of otologic infections in the origin of intracranial thrombotic phenomena, and highlights the findings of magnetic resonance venography for characterization of intracranial sinus thrombosis.
Assuntos
Trombose do Seio Lateral/diagnóstico , Mastoidite/complicações , Otite Média/complicações , Adolescente , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Anticoagulantes/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Trombose do Seio Lateral/tratamento farmacológico , Trombose do Seio Lateral/etiologia , Angiografia por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Mastoidite/tratamento farmacológico , Otite Média/tratamento farmacológico , Flebografia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
A ação benéfica do tomate é atribuída ao alto potencial antioxidante desse fruto, que é resultado da presença de compostos antioxidantes como o licopeno, compostos fenólicos e vitamina C. O processamento térmico pode afetar significativamente o teor das substâncias antioxidantes presentes no tomate, podendo reduzir ou aumentar seus efeitos benéficos à saúde humana. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do tempo de cozimento em condições domésticas sobre o teor dos principais compostos antioxidantes e sobre a atividade antioxidante total in vitro (AAT) da polpa de tomate. Os tomates da cultivar Débora foram cozidos em recipientes de aço inoxidável em fogão doméstico durante 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 e 90 minutos. Foram determinados os teores de fenólicos totais, vitamina C, licopeno e ?-caroteno da polpa de tomate. A AAT foi determinada utilizando o método do sequestro do radical livre DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazil) e do sistema ?-caroteno/ácido linoleico. O cozimento da polpa de tomate aumentou sua AAT, cujo aumento foi mais expressivo até os 15 minutos no método do sistema ?-caroteno/ácido linoleico e até 30 minutos no método do DPPH. Foi observado significativo aumento dos teores de licopeno, ?-caroteno e fenólicos totais e diminuição do teor de vitamina C. De modo geral, o tratamento térmico reduz o valor nutritivo dos alimentos, porém este estudo apresentou um aumento nas características antioxidantes do tomate, permitindo que o consumidor obtenha maiores benefícios ao cozinhar o tomate antes do consumo.
The beneficial effect of tomatoes is attributed to the high antioxidant potential of fruit, which is the result of the presence of antioxidant compounds such as lycopene, phenolics and vitamin C. Heat processing can significantly affect the level of antioxidants in tomatoes, which may reduce or increase its beneficial effects to human health. The objective of this study was evaluating the effect of cooking time under domestic conditions upon the content of the main antioxidant compounds and the total antioxidant activity in vitro (AAT) of the tomato pulp. The tomatoes from cultivar Débora were cooked in stainless steel containers in domestic stove by 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 minutes. The contents of total phenolics, vitamin C, licopene and ?-carotene in the tomato pulp were determined. AAT was determined by using the DPPH and ?- carotene/linoleic methods. The cooking of the tomato pulp increased its AAT and the increase was more marked till the 15 minutes in the ?-carotene/linoleic acid system and till 30 minutes in the DPPH method. The results showed a significant increase of the contents of licopene, ?-carotene and total phenolics and a decrease in the vitamin C content. In general, the heat treatment reduces the nutritive value of foods, but, this study showed an increase in the antioxidant properties of tomato, allowing the consumer to obtain greater benefits in the cooking of tomatoes prior to consumption.
RESUMO
O presente relato aborda questões vivenciadas durantes o estágio com atenção domiciliar. Nas unidades básicas de saúde observei a realidade onde pacientes, familiar e equipe de saúde enfrentam no cotidiano das visitas domiciliares suas necessidades, dificuldades e desafios para implantação do cuidado em casa de maneira segura e com qualidade. Considerando o perfil da população atendida pelas unidades, Parque dos Maias, Jardim Leopoldina, Jardim Itu entre outras. Sendo que boa parte dos usuários são trabalhadores de baixa renda que necessitam de um atendimento com maior qualificação e comprometimento dos profissionais da saúde. Considerando a necessidade de qualificar outros espaços de cuidados a atenção domiciliar se mostra com potencial para preencher uma lacuna na assistência na produção do cuidado. Na atenção domiciliar os envolvidos no cuidado demonstram uma preocupação com o idoso e acamados, além de orientar o cuidador com o manejo correto e auxiliando ao mesmo tempo, focando no ambiente familiar, buscando também oferecer um suporte psicológico aos familiares para não sofrerem com uma possível exaustão física ou emocional(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Medicina de Família e Comunidade , Visita Domiciliar , Enfermagem , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Saúde Pública , Sistema Único de SaúdeRESUMO
O presente relato aborda questões vivenciadas durantes o estágio com atenção domiciliar. Nas unidades básicas de saúde observei a realidade onde pacientes, familiar e equipe de saúde enfrentam no cotidiano das visitas domiciliares suas necessidades, dificuldades e desafios para implantação do cuidado em casa de maneira segura e com qualidade. Considerando o perfil da população atendida pelas unidades, Parque dos Maias, Jardim Leopoldina, Jardim Itu entre outras. Sendo que boa parte dos usuários são trabalhadores de baixa renda que necessitam de um atendimento com maior qualificação e comprometimento dos profissionais da saúde. Considerando a necessidade de qualificar outros espaços de cuidados a atenção domiciliar se mostra com potencial para preencher uma lacuna na assistência na produção do cuidado. Na atenção domiciliar os envolvidos no cuidado demonstram uma preocupação com o idoso e acamados, além de orientar o cuidador com o manejo correto e auxiliando ao mesmo tempo, focando no ambiente familiar, buscando também oferecer um suporte psicológico aos familiares para não sofrerem com uma possível exaustão física ou emocional.
Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Medicina de Família e Comunidade , Visita Domiciliar , Enfermagem , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Saúde Pública , Sistema Único de SaúdeRESUMO
We report a case of a 61-year-old man with aortic dissection, which was detected after mitral valve replacement. The presenting manifestation was a moderate, dull and steady pain in his right scapular region, which started on the 40th postoperative day and irradiated to the back and lower limbs. The dissection and its extent was diagnosed on transthoracic echocardiography and CT scanning and the patient improved on conservative management with beta blockers. The main purpose of reporting this case is to emphasize challenges involved with early diagnosis of this ominous condition due to nonspecific symptoms and unreliable clinical examination, and to highlight the role of the imaging studies to confirm the diagnosis of this entity.
Assuntos
Doenças da Aorta/diagnóstico , Dissecção Aórtica/diagnóstico , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/efeitos adversos , Insuficiência da Valva Mitral/cirurgia , Dissecção Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagem , Dissecção Aórtica/etiologia , Doenças da Aorta/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças da Aorta/etiologia , Ecocardiografia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
This study evaluated the physical and chemical characteristics (moisture, pH, acidity titratable, soluble solidsand color) and lycopene retention in dried tomatoes submitted to different pretreatments. The tomatoes were cut longitudinally and submitted to the osmotic dehydration for 120 minutes. Six osmotic solutions were used with the following concentrations: NaCl 5, NaCl 10, NaCl 5 + sucrose 10, NaCl 10 + sucrose5, sucrose 5, sucrose 10 (w/v), and the osmotic dehydration was conducted with direct application of the solutes (NaCl or mixture of NaCl + sucrose). Soon afterwards the tomatoes were submitted to drying at65°C for 12 hours. The osmo-convective drying promoted an increase in the level of soluble solids, titratable acidity and reduction of the pH, except for the sucrose solutions, that did not alter the pH of the tomatoes.The ternary solution (NaCl + sucrose), binary (NaCl 10) and the direct application of the solutes promoted significant moisture reduction in relation to the control. The osmotic solutions only containing sucrose or NaCl 5 presented lycopene retention significantly superior to the other treatments. The use of the osmotic dehydration as pretreatment for drying of the tomato can contribute to accelerate the drying process and to preserve the tomato lycopene level.
Assuntos
Desidratação , Conservação de Alimentos , Solanum lycopersicumRESUMO
Relata-se um caso de tromboembolismo pulmonar crônico em homem asintomático de 72 anos, com antecedente de trombose venosa profunda após viagem aérea prolongada. O controle clínico e de imagem durante aproximadamente cinco anos revelaram a evolução dos trombos na artéria pulmonar direita, com extensão para o tronco arterial. Exceto pela trombose venosa profunda no membro inferior, nenhum fator de risco pessoal ou familiar pode ser evidenciado. A anticoagulação oral foi utilizada após uso de heparina, que contribuiu para a recanalização do vaso, com prognóstico favorável. O objetivo desse relato é ressaltar o papel da trombose venosa profunda devido à imobilização,na origem das embolias pulmonares crônicas, e enfatizar que esta condição pode evoluir não detectada clinicamente, podendo causar hipertensão pulmonar com elevada taxa de mortalidade se não tratada.
A case of chronic pulmonary thromboembolism in asymptomatic 72-year-old male, with previous deep-vein thrombosis after a prolonged air-travel is reported. Clinical and imaging surveillance for about five years revealed the thrombus in the right pulmonary artery, extending to the arterial trunk. Except for deep-vein thrombosis in his lower limb, no personal or familial predisposing risk factor could be detected. Longstanding oral anticoagulation after heparin use resulted in vessel recanalization, and good outcome. The aim is to highlight the role of deep-vein thrombosisdue to immobilization in the origin of chronic pulmonary embolism, and emphasize that this condition may evolve clinically undetected. Furthermore, it can cause pulmonary artery hypertension with high mortality rate if untreated.
RESUMO
This study evaluated the physical and chemical characteristics (moisture, pH, acidity titratable, soluble solidsand color) and lycopene retention in dried tomatoes submitted to different pretreatments. The tomatoes were cut longitudinally and submitted to the osmotic dehydration for 120 minutes. Six osmotic solutions were used with the following concentrations: NaCl 5, NaCl 10, NaCl 5 + sucrose 10, NaCl 10 + sucrose5, sucrose 5, sucrose 10 (w/v), and the osmotic dehydration was conducted with direct application of the solutes (NaCl or mixture of NaCl + sucrose). Soon afterwards the tomatoes were submitted to drying at65°C for 12 hours. The osmo-convective drying promoted an increase in the level of soluble solids, titratable acidity and reduction of the pH, except for the sucrose solutions, that did not alter the pH of the tomatoes.The ternary solution (NaCl + sucrose), binary (NaCl 10) and the direct application of the solutes promoted significant moisture reduction in relation to the control. The osmotic solutions only containing sucrose or NaCl 5 presented lycopene retention significantly superior to the other treatments. The use of the osmotic dehydration as pretreatment for drying of the tomato can contribute to accelerate the drying process and to preserve the tomato lycopene level.(AU)
Assuntos
Conservação de Alimentos , Desidratação , Solanum lycopersicumRESUMO
Thoracic disc herniations are commonly found in asymptomatic individuals, sometimes with genetic predisposition. Congenital fusions of cervical vertebrae occur in Klippel-Feil syndrome, which may be asymptomatic or cause compressive myelitis due to cervical instability or associated herniated discs. We report the case of a 72-year-old man with monophasic acute transverse myelitis probably caused by herpes simplex virus, coexistent with fused cervical vertebrae (C4-C5) and thoracic herniated discs. Establishment of the aetiology in cases of transverse acute myelitis can constitute a challenge in patients with cervical spine anomaly and disc herniations.