RESUMO
BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the epidemiological and morphological features of the mandibular incisive canal (MIC) using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in a significant sample of subjects in Brazil. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective, multicenter study assessed 847 CBCT scans performed at four oral imaging centers. The sample comprised CBCT images acquired from dentate individuals who presented at least from tooth 35 to tooth 45 in the anterior mandible region. Data regarding patient sex and age, and MIC linear measurements (length and diameter in mm), anatomical distances (to the alveolar, buccal and lingual cortexes, inferior border of the mandible, and adjacent teeth apexes), and location were obtained. RESULTS: The MIC was more prevalent in women (76.3% [p<0.001]) between the fourth and sixth decades of life (p<0.001). It was present bilaterally (p<0.001) and exhibited a mean length of 7.7 mm (standard deviation [SD]=3.7 mm). Spearman correlation and logistic regression analysis revealed collinearity between age and linear measurements (p<0.05). The mean distances varied from the initial to the final portion of the MIC, respectively, in relation to the buccal cortex (mean=2.6 mm, SD=1.27; mean=3.96 mm; SD=1.43), to lingual cortex (mean=5.13 mm; SD=1.7; mean=4.61 mm, SD = 1.65), and to the inferior mandibular border (mean = 9.32 mm, SD=1.92; mean=8.76 mm, SD=2.07 mm). The difference in the proximity of the MIC to the apex of the inferior lateral incisor was statistically significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Results of this study revealed a high prevalence of MIC with a bilateral pattern in women who were between the fourth and sixth decades of life. Both the distance between the MIC and the lingual cortex of the mandibular alveolar bone, and the diameter of the MIC, decreased as its trajectory assumed a more anterior position.
Assuntos
Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico Espiral , Brasil , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico , Feminino , Humanos , Mandíbula , Prevalência , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Magnetodielectric ferromagnetic semiconductors are key materials because of their applications in spintronic devices; they can be used to control the magnetic properties by applying electric fields. La2NiMnO6 emerged as an important magnetodielectric ferromagnetic semiconductor because of its high Curie temperature near room temperature. Recently Ba doped was successfully used to improve magnetic properties in La2NiMnO6, originating partially ordered systems with different ordering degrees but presenting same Tc=280K. However, the influence of Ba doping on the temperature dependent vibrational properties of the system was not investigated. To investigate the Ba doping influence on temperature dependent phonon spectra in La2NiMnO6, we used Raman Spectroscopy to probe the symmetric stretching mode behavior in the range from 10 to 600K. Remarkable softenings were detected in the phonon behavior due to spin phonon coupling, at several different temperatures, much above Tc. The FWHM dependence with temperature rules out magnetostriction effects. The phonon softenings are the largest reported so far for the RE2NiMnO6 systems and also indicate that Ba doping induces ordering in the Ni/Mn sites. The temperature discordance in characteristic softening onset of the spin phonon coupling are related to ferromagnetic short range clusters due the presence of Ni3+, Mn3+ oxidation states.
RESUMO
In this work it was investigated the microemulsion formation using impedance spectroscopy analysis. The results indicated that the microemulsion formation is clearly observed on the impedance complex plane. The phase transition related with microemulsion formation is characterized by a time relaxation distribution. In the condition of the microemulsion formation, the impedance spectra are characterized by a single relaxation time.