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1.
J Endod ; 41(6): 925-30, 2015 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25791074

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Sterilox (Sx), a superoxidized water, 5% and 2% sodium hypochlorite (5NaOCl and 2NaOCl), and 17% EDTA (E) on the organic and inorganic components of bovine dentin. METHODS: Eighty bovine incisors were randomly divided into 8 groups (n = 10): 5NaOCl, 5NaOCl + E, 2NaOCl, 2NaOCl + E, Sx, Sx + E, E alone, and distilled water (H2O). Root canal instrumentation was performed by using the corresponding irrigant. The apical 15 mm was longitudinally sectioned into 2 fragments, one for light microscopy analysis in slides stained with picrosirius red (organic component) and the other for scanning electron microscopy analysis (inorganic component). Scores data obtained in the light microscopy analysis were submitted to the Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by multiple comparisons test (P < .05). Scanning electron microscopy images were analyzed descriptively. RESULTS: The chemical solution 5NaOCl had a greater effect on the organic component of dentin in area and depth than 2NaOCl. The chemical solutions 5NaOCl + E, 5NaOCl and 2NaOCl + E caused the greatest change in the collagenous organic matrix near the root canal lumen. The chemical solution 2NaOCl showed similar behavior to Sx, associated or not with E, promoting more superficial disorganization of collagen in a smaller area. Demineralization was observed in all groups in which E was used. However, areas of erosion and open dentinal tubules were detected only when it was combined with NaOCl. CONCLUSIONS: Five percent NaOCl promoted the most extensive damage to the organic component of dentin, and when associated to EDTA, dentinal erosion could be seen. Considering these specific aspects, 2% NaOCl and Sx had milder effects on bovine root dentin.


Assuntos
Dentina/efeitos dos fármacos , Desinfetantes/farmacologia , Ácido Edético/farmacologia , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/farmacologia , Irrigantes do Canal Radicular/farmacologia , Hipoclorito de Sódio/farmacologia , Raiz Dentária/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Bovinos , Colágeno/efeitos dos fármacos , Desinfetantes/administração & dosagem , Ácido Edético/administração & dosagem , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/administração & dosagem , Incisivo , Distribuição Aleatória , Irrigantes do Canal Radicular/administração & dosagem , Hipoclorito de Sódio/administração & dosagem
2.
Braz Dent J ; 25(5): 420-4, 2014.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25517778

RESUMO

The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of the following irrigating solutions on the microhardness of root canal dentin: 2% sodium hypochlorite (2NaOCl), 5% sodium hypochlorite (5NaOCl), super-oxidized water (400 ppm Sterilox - Sx) and 17% EDTA (E). Eighty roots from bovine incisors were randomly divided into 8 groups (n=10): 2NaOCl, 5NaOCl, Sx, and 2NaOCl + E, 5NaOCl + E, Sx + E (associated with E as final irrigant for 5 min), E solely and distilled water (dH2O) as the negative control. Root canal preparation was performed by hand instruments, using one of the irrigation protocols for 30 min. Then, 5 mm of the cervical root third were cut out from each sample and subjected to the Vickers microhardness test, at two points, one at approximately 500-1000 µm from the root canal lumen (distance 1), and the other at approximately 500-1000 µm from the external root surface (distance 2). Data were analyzed by Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests at 5% significance level. Microhardness values at distance 1 were significantly lower than those at distance 2 for all groups, except 5NaOCl and 5NaOCl + E groups (p>0.05). EDTA showed the lowest microhardness values. However, no statistically significant difference was detected among groups at distance 1 and EDTA was significantly different only from Sx at distance 2. In conclusion, all tested solutions showed lower microhardness at the most superficial root canal dentin layer compared to the one found near the external root surface, except 5NaOCl and 5NaOCl + E; EDTA promoted lower microhardness values in comparison to Sterilox at this site.


Assuntos
Cavidade Pulpar/efeitos dos fármacos , Dentina/efeitos dos fármacos , Ácido Edético/farmacologia , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/farmacologia , Irrigantes do Canal Radicular/farmacologia , Hipoclorito de Sódio/farmacologia , Animais , Bovinos , Cavidade Pulpar/ultraestrutura , Dentina/ultraestrutura , Ácido Edético/administração & dosagem , Dureza , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/administração & dosagem , Teste de Materiais , Distribuição Aleatória , Irrigantes do Canal Radicular/administração & dosagem , Preparo de Canal Radicular/instrumentação , Preparo de Canal Radicular/métodos , Hipoclorito de Sódio/administração & dosagem , Fatores de Tempo , Raiz Dentária/efeitos dos fármacos , Raiz Dentária/ultraestrutura
3.
Braz. dent. j ; Braz. dent. j;25(5): 420-424, Sep-Oct/2014. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-731056

RESUMO

The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of the following irrigating solutions on the microhardness of root canal dentin: 2% sodium hypochlorite (2NaOCl), 5% sodium hypochlorite (5NaOCl), super-oxidized water (400 ppm Sterilox - Sx) and 17% EDTA (E). Eighty roots from bovine incisors were randomly divided into 8 groups (n=10): 2NaOCl, 5NaOCl, Sx, and 2NaOCl + E, 5NaOCl + E, Sx + E (associated with E as final irrigant for 5 min), E solely and distilled water (dH2O) as the negative control. Root canal preparation was performed by hand instruments, using one of the irrigation protocols for 30 min. Then, 5 mm of the cervical root third were cut out from each sample and subjected to the Vickers microhardness test, at two points, one at approximately 500-1000 µm from the root canal lumen (distance 1), and the other at approximately 500-1000 µm from the external root surface (distance 2). Data were analyzed by Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests at 5% significance level. Microhardness values at distance 1 were significantly lower than those at distance 2 for all groups, except 5NaOCl and 5NaOCl + E groups (p>0.05). EDTA showed the lowest microhardness values. However, no statistically significant difference was detected among groups at distance 1 and EDTA was significantly different only from Sx at distance 2. In conclusion, all tested solutions showed lower microhardness at the most superficial root canal dentin layer compared to the one found near the external root surface, except 5NaOCl and 5NaOCl + E; EDTA promoted lower microhardness values in comparison to Sterilox at this site.


O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a influência das seguintes soluções irrigadoras na microdureza da dentina do canal radicular: hipoclorito de sódio a 2% (NaOCl2), hipoclorito de sódio a 5% (NaOCl5), água superoxidada (Sterilox(r) 400 ppm - Sx) e EDTA a 17% (E). Oitenta raízes de incisivos bovinos foram divididas aleatoriamente em 8 grupos (n=10): NaOCl2, NaOCl5, Sx e NaOCl2 + E, NaOCl5 + E, Sx + E (associados ao E como irrigante final por 5 min), E isolado e água destilada (H2Od), como controle negativo. O preparo dos canais radiculares foi realizado com instrumentos manuais, usando um dos protocolos de irrigação por 30 min. A seguir, 5 mm do terço cervical de cada amostra foram cortados perpendicularmente e submetidos ao teste de microdureza de Vickers, em dois pontos, um aproximadamente 500-1000 µm da luz do canal radicular (distância 1), e o outro aproximadamente 500-1000 µm da superfície externa da raiz (distância 2). Os dados foram analisados pelos testes de Wilcoxon e Kruskal-Wallis com um nível de significância de 5%. Os valores de microdureza na distância 1 foram significativamente menores do que na distância 2 para todos os grupos, exceto NaOCl5 e NaOCl5 +E (p>0,05). O EDTA mostrou os menores valores de microdureza. No entanto, não foi detectada diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos na distância 1 e o EDTA foi significativamente diferente apenas do Sx na distância 2. Pode-se concluir que todas as soluções testadas mostraram menor microdureza na camada de dentina mais superficial do canal radicular em comparação aos valores encontrados próximo à superfície radicular externa, exceto NaOCl5 e NaOCl5 + E; o EDTA promoveu menor microdureza em comparação ao Sterilox(r) neste ponto.


Assuntos
Humanos , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Bucais/tratamento farmacológico , Receptores Citoplasmáticos e Nucleares/metabolismo , Sulindaco/análogos & derivados , Sulindaco/farmacologia , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Divisão Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Inibidores de Ciclo-Oxigenase/farmacologia , Primers do DNA/química , Citometria de Fluxo , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Isoenzimas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Membrana , Neoplasias Bucais/genética , Neoplasias Bucais/metabolismo , Oligonucleotídeos Antissenso/farmacologia , Prostaglandina-Endoperóxido Sintases/metabolismo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Células Tumorais Cultivadas/efeitos dos fármacos , Regulação para Cima
4.
J Endod ; 39(12): 1639-45, 2013 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24238464

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to characterize the dimensions of a selection of 3-rooted maxillary premolars through high-resolution computed tomographic analysis considering measures of clinical interest for root canal treatment, such as root wall thickness, canal diameters, and distances between 2 canals in fused roots and between the root apex and foramen. METHODS: Fifteen 3-rooted human maxillary premolars extracted for therapeutic reasons were individually scanned using a high-resolution desktop high-resolution computed tomographic system. Starting from the apical foramen, the selected cross-sectional images corresponding to each millimeter of the roots were evaluated. Measures of clinical interest were determined using Image J software (version 1.41; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD). RESULTS: Root wall thickness as thin as 0.4 and 0.6 mm was detected in the apical portion of buccal and palatal roots, respectively. In the cervical portion, buccal roots had narrower root walls (0.817-1.670 mm) compared with palatal roots (1.361-2.720 mm). In all thirds, the palatal canal was wider compared with the mesiobuccal and distobuccal canals. In the buccopalatal direction, all roots had thicker root walls toward the furcation, whereas in the mesiodistal direction the mesiobuccal and distobuccal roots had the thinnest walls along their distal and mesial aspects, respectively. Both buccal canals revealed dentin apposition 2 mm from the canal orifice, resulting in cervical constriction. Generally, the distance between the root apex and the foramen was greater in distobuccal roots in comparison with the others with a tendency for foramina to be eccentric. CONCLUSIONS: Three-rooted premolars are a clinical challenge not just because of their low frequency and difficulties regarding diagnosis and root canals access but also because of their fragile roots. These phenomena are critical in terms of the amount of dentin removed during the preparation of root canals and during post space preparation.


Assuntos
Dente Pré-Molar/diagnóstico por imagem , Cavidade Pulpar/diagnóstico por imagem , Raiz Dentária/diagnóstico por imagem , Microtomografia por Raio-X/métodos , Anatomia Transversal , Dentina/diagnóstico por imagem , Dentes Fusionados/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Maxila/diagnóstico por imagem , Odontometria/métodos , Intensificação de Imagem Radiográfica/métodos , Ápice Dentário/diagnóstico por imagem , Colo do Dente/diagnóstico por imagem
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