RESUMO
Desde los inicios de la cirugía de implantes orales, se ha recomendado excluir o limitar a ciertos pacientes con problemas de salud o hábitos de tabaquismo. Los enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles de salud, no son considerados una contraindicación absoluta para la utilización de implantes orales, pero si se debe evaluar con detalle el tipo de enfermedad presente, por ser un potencial riesgo que podría afectar el proceso de oseointegración. Hay ciertas condiciones sistémicas, como la osteoporosis, enfermedades cardiovasculares, diabetes mellitus, e hipotiroidismo, así como también, el hábito de fumar, que inciden sobre el éxito, la sobrevida o el fracaso de los implantes. El propósito de la investigación realizada, es determinar si existe asociación entre los fracasos de los implantes dentales y las enfermedades sistémicas en la población de pacientes sometidos a cirugía de implantes dentales del hospital San José de Santiago de Chile. Se realizó un estudio de tipo observacional de carácter retrospectivo y las variables estudiadas fueron las enfermedades sistémicas (osteoporosis, hipertensión, diabetes, e hipotiroidismo) y los criterios utilizados para la evaluación de salud de implantes fueron los del Congreso Internacional de Implantología Oral de Pisa, en donde fracaso es el término usado para los implantes que requieren el retiro o ya se han perdido. Estas variables se registraron desde la ficha clínica y durante un examen clínico, en una ficha de recolección de datos. Esto permitió, describir variables y su distribución, posteriormente analizar los datos obtenidos encontrando evidencias de asociación estadísticamente válidas. Para este estudio podemos concluir, que el análisis de cada una de las variables sistémicas como son la hipertensión, clasificación ASA II, presentan una asociación con el fracaso de implantes dentales, no así la osteoporosis, hipotiroidismo, diabetes, edad, estado nutricional, genero y el habito de fumar.
Since the beginning of oral implant surgery it has been recommended to exclude or limit certain patients with health issues or smoking habits. The chronic non-communicable diseases are not considered an absolute contraindication to the use of oral implants, but the type of disease should be evaluated in detail, as a potential risk that could affect the process of osseointegration. There are certain systemic conditions, such as osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypothyroidism, as well as the habit of smoking, that affect the success, survival or failure of the implants. The purpose of the investigation is to determine whether there is an association between the failure of dental implants and systemic diseases in the population of patients undergoing dental implant surgery of San José de Santiago de Chile Hospital. We conducted a retrospective observational study and the variables studied were systemic diseases (osteoporosis, hypertension, diabetes, and hypothyroidism) and the criteria used to assess the health of implants were those of the International Congress of Oral Implantology of Pisa, where "failure" is the term used for implants requiring removal or that were already lost. These variables were recorded from the clinical record and during a clinical examination, in a data collection sheet. This allowed to describe variables and their distribution, and then to analyze the data to find statistically valid evidence. For this study we can conclude that the analysis of each of the variables such as systemic hypertension or ASA II, have an association with the failure of dental implants, but not osteoporosis, hypothyroidism, diabetes, age, nutritional status, gender and cigarette smoking.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Falha de Restauração Dentária , Implantação Dentária/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Transversais , Complicações do Diabetes , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Hipertensão/complicações , Hipotireoidismo/complicações , Modelos Logísticos , Osseointegração , Osteoporose/complicaçõesRESUMO
Among the techniques for dealing with common bile stones, choledochoduodenostomy (CDS) represents a useful alternative. This operation is indicated mainly in patients with recurrent stones, giant stones, or concomitant common bile stricture and duct stones. At the present time most of the patients undergoing CDS have been already undergone endoscopic retrograde cholangiography or ultrasonography to study the common bile duct and the cause of symptoms. The common bile duct diameter is of paramount importance when determining the feasibility of performing a CDS, the critical size being 1.2 cm. The most common operation is a side-to-side anastomosis employing absorbable sutures. Stomal patency is the most important factor for preventing classic complications such as cholangitis and sump syndrome. These complications are rare, being observed in only 5% of the patients. Long-term results of the operation show that it is a safe procedure that should be considered a good option in selected patients with choledocholithiasis.