RESUMO
BACKGROUND: AHOPCA is a collaborative group that designs uniform treatment regimens (protocols) for children diagnosed with cancer in Central America. Based on a preliminary report from one of the AHOPCA centers, AHOPCA adopted a treatment regimen to maintain a good event-free survival (EFS) as well as eliminate radiation therapy from the treatment of children with Hodgkin lymphoma. PROCEDURE: Newly diagnosed patients with histologically proven Hodgkin lymphoma were staged according to the Ann Arbor classification and divided into favorable (stage I, stage IIA, and IIIA) and unfavorable (stage IIB, IIIB, and IV) groups. Subjects classified as group 1 (favorable) were treated with six 28-day cycles of chemotherapy (COPP/COPP ± ABV). Subjects classified as group 2 (unfavorable) were treated with eight 28-day cycles of COPP/ABV chemotherapy. RESULTS: Of 269 patients registered, 216 were eligible for evaluation. The mean age at diagnosis was 7.5 years with a male to female ratio of 3.7-1. The predominant histology was nodular sclerosis (44%) but with a relatively high proportion of mixed cellularity (35.2%) The EFS at 5 and 10 years was 71% and 68%, respectively. There was a 14% rate of abandonment of therapy. CONCLUSION: This treatment regimen for children with Hodgkin lymphoma, when applied as a multi-institutional regimen, had poorer outcome than our previously reported preliminary data and was inferior to the EFS reported in high-income countries. The major contributor adversely affecting EFS in this report is abandonment of therapy. Given these results, AHOPCA initiated a concerted effort to decrease abandonment of therapy.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Doença de Hodgkin/tratamento farmacológico , Adolescente , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagem , Bleomicina/administração & dosagem , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Ciclofosfamida/administração & dosagem , Doxorrubicina/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Seguimentos , Doença de Hodgkin/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Pacientes Desistentes do Tratamento , Prednisona/administração & dosagem , Procarbazina/administração & dosagem , Indução de Remissão , Resultado do Tratamento , Vimblastina/administração & dosagem , Vincristina/administração & dosagemRESUMO
En continuidad con los estudios del área de Perfiles de la Cátedra de Psicología Experimental I y II, se llevó a cabo un análisis comparativo de Perfiles de Personalidad en estudiantes de psicología. La muestra fue intencional y autoseleccionada, quedó conformada por 153 estudiantes de Psicología. Se ha utilizado un diseño Descriptivo y Comparado. El instrumento utilizado fue el Inventario Multifásico de la Personalidad Minnesota-2 (MMPI-2). Los resultados reportan que existe un patrón de personalidad con similitudes muy acentuadas en los estudiantes de la carrera de psicología, independiente del curso al que pertenecen, y en comparación a los perfiles de años anteriores (n = 152, muestra 2001: n=168, muestra 2007: y n= 101 muestra 2008).
In continuity with the studies of the area of Profiles of the Professorship of Experimental Psychology I and II, a comparative analysis of Profiles of Personality in students of psychology was carried out. The sample was intentional and autoseleccionada, remained conformed by 153 (166) students of Psychology. A Descriptive design has been utilized and Compared. The instrument utilized was the Polyphase Inventory of the Personality Minnesota-2 (MMPI-2). The results report that a boss of personality with similarities exists very accentuated in the students of the career of psychology, independent of the course to which they belong, and in comparison to the profiles of previous years (n = 152 sample 2001; n = 168, sample 2007 and n = 101 sample 2008).
RESUMO
¶Educación Alimentaria en Acción÷ es un Programa en desarrollo que alcanza a 240000 alumnos, 15000 maestros y 1200 escuelas de Corrientes. Para el diagnóstico se realizó un Taller convocado por los Ministerios correntinos de Educación, Salud y Desarrollo Social y Nutritia, en el que participaron representantes de organismos de gobierno,instituciones asistenciales de toda la provincia, la Comisión de Lactancia Materna, la Dirección de Maternidad e Infancia, el Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Organizaciones no Gubernamentales, la Universidad Nacional del Noreste, la Federación de Odontólogos, el Colegio de Nutricionistas local y los presidentes de la Sociedad Argentina de Nutrición y de la Asociación Argentina de Dietistas y Nutricionistas Dietistas. Se realizó un análisis causal y priorización de los problemas nutricionales, identificando componentes educativos y Consensuando 6 ejes pedagógicos, incluyendo las Guías Alimentarias para la Población Argentina. Se aplicó encuestas de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas iniciales a una muestra de 1309 niños y de necesidades de capacitación sobre alimentación y nutrición a maestros como línea de base para evaluaciones posteriores. El equipo constituido por Licenciadas en Nutrición, pedagoga, comunicadores y médicos elabora cuadernillos y CDs trimestrales que incluyen láminas, fichas y experiencias de aprendizaje que articulan la currícula escolar con la Educación Alimentaria involucrando a las familias. Además se ha diseñado una página web de acceso público con Intranet para que maestros y directivos compartan inquietudes y experiencias. Conclusiones : La sinergia entre organismos oficiales, no gubernamentales, profesionales de la Salud, la Educación y la empresa privada favorece la concreción de un Programa de Educación Alimentaria de amplia cobertura (AU)
Assuntos
Educação Alimentar e Nutricional , Programas e Políticas de Nutrição e Alimentação , Argentina , Materiais Educativos e de Divulgação , Escolaridade , Relações Comunidade-InstituiçãoRESUMO
Educación Alimentaria en Acción es un Programa en desarrollo que alcanza a 240000 alumnos, 15000 maestros y 1200 escuelas de Corrientes. Para el diagnóstico se realizó un Taller convocado por los Ministerios correntinos de Educación, Salud y Desarrollo Social y Nutritia, en el que participaron representantes de organismos de gobierno,instituciones asistenciales de toda la provincia, la Comisión de Lactancia Materna, la Dirección de Maternidad e Infancia, el Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Organizaciones no Gubernamentales, la Universidad Nacional del Noreste, la Federación de Odontólogos, el Colegio de Nutricionistas local y los presidentes de la Sociedad Argentina de Nutrición y de la Asociación Argentina de Dietistas y Nutricionistas Dietistas. Se realizó un análisis causal y priorización de los problemas nutricionales, identificando componentes educativos y Consensuando 6 ejes pedagógicos, incluyendo las Guías Alimentarias para la Población Argentina. Se aplicó encuestas de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas iniciales a una muestra de 1309 niños y de necesidades de capacitación sobre alimentación y nutrición a maestros como línea de base para evaluaciones posteriores. El equipo constituido por Licenciadas en Nutrición, pedagoga, comunicadores y médicos elabora cuadernillos y CDs trimestrales que incluyen láminas, fichas y experiencias de aprendizaje que articulan la currícula escolar con la Educación Alimentaria involucrando a las familias. Además se ha diseñado una página web de acceso público con Intranet para que maestros y directivos compartan inquietudes y experiencias. Conclusiones : La sinergia entre organismos oficiales, no gubernamentales, profesionales de la Salud, la Educación y la empresa privada favorece la concreción de un Programa de Educación Alimentaria de amplia cobertura
Assuntos
Argentina , Materiais Educativos e de Divulgação , Educação Alimentar e Nutricional , Programas e Políticas de Nutrição e Alimentação , Relações Comunidade-Instituição , EscolaridadeRESUMO
The administration of full doses of chemotherapy according to an established schedule improves the response rate and duration of response in cancer patients. However, frequently there are delays in therapy due to dose-limiting side effects and chemotherapy could affect permanently normal tissues. This has led to the development of chemotherapy protectors and of rescue agents in the past years. We will discuss some of these new agents and their use in cancer treatment. Some of these agents include amifostine (Ethyol), dexrazoxane (Zinecard), mesna (Mesnex), leucovorin, G-CSF, GM CSF, recombinant erythropoietin and thrombopoietin. Oncologists must learn the adequate use of different strategies in reducing chemotherapy toxicity in order to improve both the quality and quantity of life of cancer patients
Assuntos
Humanos , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Amifostina/uso terapêutico , Doenças Hematológicas/induzido quimicamente , Doenças Hematológicas/prevenção & controle , Gastroenteropatias/induzido quimicamente , Gastroenteropatias/prevenção & controle , Fatores de Crescimento de Células Hematopoéticas/uso terapêutico , Leucovorina/uso terapêutico , Mesna/uso terapêutico , Nefropatias/induzido quimicamente , Nefropatias/prevenção & controle , Proteínas Recombinantes/uso terapêutico , RazoxanoRESUMO
The treatment of cancer has developed substantially from its conception in the first years of the 20th century. Since the introduction of alkylating agents during second World War, the oncology specialty has markedly grown. In the recent years, new drugs have been approved for the treatment of cancer. Such examples include the taxanes (Docetaxel and Paclitaxel), Vinorelbine, Irinotecan, Topotecan, Gemcitabine and Gliadel. We will discuss these new chemotherapuetic agents, their pharmacology, indications, toxicity and appropriate dosing. There is no doubt that further clinical research is needed to determine the optimal use of these agents
Assuntos
Humanos , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Carmustina/uso terapêutico , Implantes de Medicamento , Desoxicitidina/análogos & derivados , Desoxicitidina/uso terapêutico , Paclitaxel/uso terapêutico , Topotecan/uso terapêutico , Vimblastina/análogos & derivados , Vimblastina/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
The treatment of cancer has developed substantially from its conception in the first years of the 20th century. Since the introduction of alkylating agents during second World War, the oncology specialty has markedly grown. In the recent years, new drugs have been approved for the treatment of cancer. Such examples include the taxanes (Docetaxel and Paclitaxel), Vinorelbine, Irinotecan, Topotecan, Gemcitabine and Gliadel. We will discuss these new chemotherapuetic agents, their pharmacology, indications, toxicity and appropriate dosing. There is no doubt that further clinical research is needed to determine the optimal use of these agents.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Carmustina/uso terapêutico , Desoxicitidina/análogos & derivados , Desoxicitidina/uso terapêutico , Implantes de Medicamento , Humanos , Paclitaxel/uso terapêutico , Topotecan/uso terapêutico , Vimblastina/análogos & derivados , Vimblastina/uso terapêutico , Vinorelbina , GencitabinaRESUMO
The administration of full doses of chemotherapy according to an established schedule improves the response rate and duration of response in cancer patients. However, frequently there are delays in therapy due to dose-limiting side effects and chemotherapy could affect permanently normal tissues. This has led to the development of chemotherapy protectors and of rescue agents in the past years. We will discuss some of these new agents and their use in cancer treatment. Some of these agents include amifostine (Ethyol), dexrazoxane (Zinecard), mesna (Mesnex), leucovorin, G-CSF, GM CSF, recombinant erythropoietin and thrombopoietin. Oncologists must learn the adequate use of different strategies in reducing chemotherapy toxicity in order to improve both the quality and quantity of life of cancer patients.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Amifostina/uso terapêutico , Gastroenteropatias/induzido quimicamente , Gastroenteropatias/prevenção & controle , Doenças Hematológicas/induzido quimicamente , Doenças Hematológicas/prevenção & controle , Fatores de Crescimento de Células Hematopoéticas/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Nefropatias/induzido quimicamente , Nefropatias/prevenção & controle , Leucovorina/uso terapêutico , Mesna/uso terapêutico , Razoxano/uso terapêutico , Proteínas Recombinantes/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Ga-67 imaging has not been very successful in the detection of esophageal carcinoma. In most reports, sensitivity for the primary tumor ranged from 25-61%, but imaging had been done only in anterior and posterior (A-P) projections. We performed gallium scans in 30 patients with esophageal carcinoma, adding lateral views to the routine A-P projections, to study the effect of lateral views on tumor detection. The A-P views detected only 57% of the tumors while the right lateral visualized 89%, and the left lateral detected 100%. Some lesions may be hidden by the sternum and the spine in the routine A-P views. Previous disappointments with Ga-67 imaging of esophageal carcinoma were probably due to this technical factor. Being gallium-avid, esophageal tumors deserve further studies with this agent to determine the role of Ga-67 imaging in this condition. These studies should be performed with multiple views of the thorax or, better yet, with SPECT imaging of the chest, to circumvent the problem of sternum and spine interference.