RESUMO
64 Haemophilus influenzae strains circulating in Havana City during a year were characterized by the carbohydrate fermentation method for the first time in Cuba. The fermentative pattern D was the most frequently found. Patterns D and G together were 72% of the total of strains studied. The combination of the carbohydrate fermentation with serotyping and biotyping allowed a greater differentiation of strains (14 groups). Patterns A, B, C and F appeared in children over 6 months of age, and pattern G in the group from 6 to 18. Patterns D and G predominated in the bacterial meningoencephalitis. A higher heterogeneity was observed among the strains isolated from acute respiratory infections. Some of the advantages of the Haemophilus influenzae strains subtyping method are stressed, such as: simplicity, easiness to be applied and interpreted, and the fact that it is not necessary a qualified personnel or a specialized laboratory for its implementation.
Assuntos
Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Metabolismo dos Carboidratos , Haemophilus influenzae/classificação , Proteínas de Bactérias/análise , Pré-Escolar , Fermentação , Infecções por Haemophilus/microbiologia , Haemophilus influenzae/isolamento & purificação , Haemophilus influenzae/metabolismo , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Testes de Fixação do Látex , Estudos Prospectivos , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
The present study includes 178 Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated in different pediatric hospitals from Havana, Cuba, during 1991-1994, associated to divers infections (meningitis, respiratory sepsis, primary bacteremia). A combination of various typing and subtyping methods was used as epidemiological markers: serotyping (slide agglutination with diagnostical serum a-f and latex agglutination), biotyping according to Killian's procedures (by determination of indole production, urease and ornithine decarboxylase activity), subtyping by fermentative profiles according to Roberts' methods (glucose, maltose, xylose and fructose) and outer membrane protein profile subtyping (vesicles extraction by a modified Barenkamp's method, analysis by lineal and gradient SDS-PAGE and assessment according to our own classification system). Serotype b was identified in 89.3%, biotype I was the most frequent (79.1%), other biotypes (II, III, IV and V) were also identified. Fermentative profile D (glucose, maltose, xylose and fructose positive) was the most frequent (52.8%) while profile G (glucose, maltose, xylose positive and fructose negative) represented 20.2%. Other known profiles were present. PA2 (33.7%) was the most frequent OMP subtype. Even though 11 different protein subtypes were found, the 77.5% of the strains were located in only three OMP electrophoretic subtypes (PA2, PC1, LA2).
Assuntos
Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Haemophilus influenzae/classificação , Testes de Aglutinação , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/análise , Biomarcadores , Metabolismo dos Carboidratos , Pré-Escolar , Meios de Cultura/metabolismo , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Fermentação , Infecções por Haemophilus/microbiologia , Haemophilus influenzae/isolamento & purificação , Haemophilus influenzae/metabolismo , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-NascidoRESUMO
A prospective study was carried out in order to assess nosocomial bacteremia in the Intensive Care Unit of the Centrohabana Teaching Pediatric Hospital, from January to May 1988. 66.7% of the bacteremia episodes diagnosed were of a nosocomial origin, mostly secondary. Nosocomial bacteremia rate was 15.5 per 100 admissions, with predominance in the age group under 1 year of age. Risk factors for acquiring nosocomial bacteremia were hospital stay longer than 72 hours, age under 1 year, tracheal intubation, deep venous catheterization and urinary catheterization. The most frequently associated microorganisms were Staphylococcus epidermis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Assuntos
Bacteriemia/epidemiologia , Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Hospitais Pediátricos/estatística & dados numéricos , Hospitais Urbanos/estatística & dados numéricos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica/estatística & dados numéricos , Vigilância da População , Bacteriemia/microbiologia , Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Infecção Hospitalar/microbiologia , Cuba/epidemiologia , Humanos , Lactente , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
The microbiologic aspects of the bacteriemia were prospectively studied in patients hospitalized in a pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Thirty six episodes of bacteriemia were detected in 29 patients. Secondary bacteriemia prevailed on the primary ones. The most frequent infectious foci associated with bacteriemia were the infections of respiratory tract, followed by intravascular catheterism. The microorganisms more frequently associated with bacteriemia were: Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Eacherichia coli and Pseudomonas seruginosa.
Assuntos
Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica , Sepse/microbiologia , Pré-Escolar , Hospitalização , Humanos , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
A study is made of non-fermenting gram-negative bacterial strains isolated at the Microbiology Lab, "Centro Habana" Pediatric Teaching Hospital. The strains studied come from various types of samples with prevalence of exudates and smears. A definite biotyping of 100% of strains is made. 90.0% are classified within the genus Pseudomonas. In addition, organisms of the genera Acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, Achromobacter, and Moraxella are identified. The most frequent species turned out to be Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which accounted for 68.4% of the total.
Assuntos
Bactérias Aeróbias Gram-Negativas/classificação , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Cuba , Fermentação , Bactérias Aeróbias Gram-Negativas/metabolismo , Hospitais Pediátricos , HumanosRESUMO
The use of King A and King B media for the faster diagnosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is introduced in the Microbiology Laboratory of Centro Habana Pediatric Teaching Hospital. The appropriate use of these media allows to classify as Pseudomonas aeruginosa 77.2% of the Pseudomonas sp. strains studied, which represent 95.2% of the total of strains identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, according to Hugh and Gilardi conventional technique. There are no significant differences in the implementation of the two procedures (X2: 0.5; p less than 0.05). The demonstrations of pyocines with King A medium is significantly superior to the method for extraction and solubility of the pigment in chloroform (X2: 15.05; p less than 0.01).