RESUMO
Appropriate antibiotic prescription contributes to reducing bacterial resistance; therefore, it is critical to provide training regarding this challenge. The objective of this study was to develop a virtual learning environment for antibiotic prescription and to determine its impact on dentists' awareness, attitudes, and intention to practice. First, the learning content on multimedia resources was developed and distributed into three challenges that participants had to overcome. Then, a quasi-experimental study was performed in which the virtual learning environment was implemented on dentists from seven Colombian cities. The median of correct answers and the levels of awareness, attitudes, and intention to practice were compared before, immediately after, and 6-months post-intervention. Wilcoxon signed-rank and McNemar's tests were used to determine the differences. A total of 206 participants who finished the virtual learning environment activities exhibited a favorable and statistically significant impact on the median of correct answers of awareness (p < 0.001), attitudes (p < 0.001), and intention to practice (p = 0.042). A significant increase occurred in the number of participants with a high level of awareness (p < 0.001) and a non-significant increase in participants with high levels of attitudes (p = 0.230) and intention to practice (p = 0.286). At 6 months, the positive effect on the median of correct answers on awareness and intention to practice persisted (p < 0.001); however, this was not evident for attitudes (p = 0.105). Moreover, there was a significant decrease in the number of participants who showed low levels of awareness (p = 0.019) and a slight increase in those with high levels of the same component (p = 0.161). The use of a virtual learning environment designed for dentists contributed to a rapid improvement in awareness and intention to practice antibiotic prescription; however, their attitudes and information retention need reinforcement.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Odontólogos/psicologia , Educação a Distância/métodos , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Padrões de Prática Odontológica/normas , Prescrições/normas , Colômbia , Odontólogos/normas , Feminino , Humanos , Intenção , Masculino , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados não Aleatórios como Assunto , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Despite the continuous technical advancements around health information standards, a critical component to their widespread adoption involves political agreement between a diverse set of stakeholders. Countries that have addressed this issue have used diverse strategies. In this vision paper we present the path that Chile is taking to establish a national program to implement health information standards and achieve interoperability. The Chilean government established an inter-agency program to define the current interoperability situation, existing gaps, barriers, and facilitators for interoperable health information systems. As an answer to the identified issues, the government decided to fund a consortium of Chilean universities to create the National Center for Health Information Systems. This consortium should encourage the interaction between all health care stakeholders, both public and private, to advance the selection of national standards and define certification procedures for software and human resources in health information technologies.
Assuntos
Sistemas de Informação em Saúde , Parcerias Público-Privadas , Chile , Atenção à Saúde , Humanos , Informática MédicaRESUMO
Se estudió la correlación entre la detección ultrasonográfica de vérnix y el aspecto macroscópico del líquido amniótico (LA) y la madurez pulmonar fetal (MPF) en 73 pacientes de la Unidad de Alto Riesgo del Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología del Hospital "Guillermo Grant Benavente" de Concepción. La concordancia entre el aspecto macroscópico del LA obtenido por amniocentesis y la ultrasonografía fue correcta en 59 de los 73 casos (80,8%). En 4 casos (5,5%) la ultrasonografía informó un tipo menor y en 10 casos (13,7%) informó un tipo mayor al que correspondía según el aspecto macroscópico. La ultrasonografía detectó correctamente el 95%de los LA macroscópicamente tipo III (38 de 40) y el 64%de los LA tipo II o tipo I (14 de 22 y 7 de 11, respectivamente). En todos los casos de tipo I por ultrasonografía la prueba de Clements fue negativa (n = 9; MPF = 0%), en cambio fue positiva en 8 de los 20 casos de LA tipo II (MPF = 40%) y en 38 de los 44 casos de LA tipo III (MPF = 86,4%). Nuestro estudio permite concluir que la detección ultrasonográfica de vérnix abundante (LA tipo III) permite asegurar MPF y la ausencia o la presencia de escaso vérnix (LA tipo I) permite suponer inmadurez pulmonar, con lo cual pareciera innecesario realizar estudio de LA para MPF, lo que permite evitar el empleo de amniocentesis, procedimiento invasivo que no está exento de complicaciones tanto maternas como fetales