RESUMO

Avaliou-se o desempenho de tilápias-do-nilo alimentadas com farelo da casca de pequi (Caryocar brasiliense). Foram utilizados 200 alevinos, com idade de 37 dias e peso corporal médio de 0,63±0,25g, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro tratamentos ­ zero, 20, 40 e 60% de substituição de ração comercial por farelo da casca de pequi ­ e cinco repetições representadas por caixas de cloreto de polivinila com capacidade para 130L, contendo 10 peixes cada, totalizando 20 unidades experimentais. As características de desempenho avaliadas foram consumo de ração, peso corporal, ganho de peso, conversão alimentar, comprimento total e viabilidade criatória. A conversão alimentar ­ 1,96µ; 2,21µ; 2,63µ; 3,12µ - piorou linearmente com a inclusão do farelo de casca da pequi, enquanto as demais variáveis de desempenho não foram influenciadas pelos tratamentos. Conclui-se que a inclusão do farelo da casca de pequi na ração piora a conversão alimentar, sem alterar as demais variáveis de desempenho.

The performance of Nile tilapia fed with bran made of pequi peel was evaluated. Two hundred fingerlings, at 37 days of age and with mean body weight of 0.63±0.25 g, were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments ­0, 20, 40 and 60% of replacement of commercial diet with bran made of pequi peel ­with five repetitions represented by boxes of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with capacity for 130 L, with 10 fish each, totalizing 20 experimental units. The performance characteristics evaluated were feed intake, body weight, weight gain, feed conversion, total length, and live viability. Feed conversion ­1.96µ; 2.21µ; 2.63µ; 3.12µ­ increased linearly with the inclusion of bran made of pequi peel, while the other performance variables were not influenced by treatments. The conclusion is that the inclusion of bran peel in the pequi diet worsened feed conversion, without changing other performance variables.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Avaliou-se o desempenho de tilápias-do-nilo alimentadas com farelo da casca de pequi (Caryocar brasiliense). Foram utilizados 200 alevinos, com idade de 37 dias e peso corporal médio de 0,63±0,25g, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro tratamentos ­ zero, 20, 40 e 60% de substituição de ração comercial por farelo da casca de pequi ­ e cinco repetições representadas por caixas de cloreto de polivinila com capacidade para 130L, contendo 10 peixes cada, totalizando 20 unidades experimentais. As características de desempenho avaliadas foram consumo de ração, peso corporal, ganho de peso, conversão alimentar, comprimento total e viabilidade criatória. A conversão alimentar ­ 1,96µ; 2,21µ; 2,63µ; 3,12µ - piorou linearmente com a inclusão do farelo de casca da pequi, enquanto as demais variáveis de desempenho não foram influenciadas pelos tratamentos. Conclui-se que a inclusão do farelo da casca de pequi na ração piora a conversão alimentar, sem alterar as demais variáveis de desempenho.(AU)

The performance of Nile tilapia fed with bran made of pequi peel was evaluated. Two hundred fingerlings, at 37 days of age and with mean body weight of 0.63±0.25 g, were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments ­0, 20, 40 and 60% of replacement of commercial diet with bran made of pequi peel ­with five repetitions represented by boxes of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with capacity for 130 L, with 10 fish each, totalizing 20 experimental units. The performance characteristics evaluated were feed intake, body weight, weight gain, feed conversion, total length, and live viability. Feed conversion ­1.96µ; 2.21µ; 2.63µ; 3.12µ­ increased linearly with the inclusion of bran made of pequi peel, while the other performance variables were not influenced by treatments. The conclusion is that the inclusion of bran peel in the pequi diet worsened feed conversion, without changing other performance variables.(AU)

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The use of biosolids for land restoration and crop production is a potential solution to improve food production worldwide. However, the microbial content usually restricts its application in crops that are consumed uncooked. An alternative practice is their use in floriculture. In this study, the effects of acid treated sludge on the development of marigold (Tagetes erecta) plants were evaluated under green house conditions. Biosolids were applied at the agronomic rate (AR) based on nitrogen requirements of the marigold. In addition, higher rates (10 and 20xAR) were applied to study their effect on the plants. Biosolids were mixed with tepetate (hard volcanic indurate layers). Due to its origin, tepetate lacks nutrients and organic matter to adequately support plant development. The best treatment for marigold development was 10xAR, as plants reached an average height of 107 cm, with a growing speed of 1.01 cm/d, which is 20 times more than the control. Plants that received no biosolids produced 0.25 buds and 0.5 flowers per plant. In contrast, AR and 10xAR showed a production that ranged from 2 to 29 buds/plant and 4 to 15 flowers/plant, respectively. These results indicate the viability of reusing acid treated biosolids to improve marigold development.

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The objective of this work was to determine the prevalence and associated clinical variables of gestational diabetes in a group of pregnant women, using a prospective, longitudinal and comparative study. The setting where the study was performed was an urban General Hospital, and outpatient clinics of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social in Aguascalientes City, Mexico. The subjects were 187 pregnant women receiving prenatal care in two health care outpatient clinics where they had given informed consent for a 1-year period. All selected women without a history of diabetes mellitus were studied and scheduled for a full oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) performed at 24-28 weeks of gestation. Gestational diabetes was diagnosed according to the American Diabetes Association. Results are shown for comparative purposes in three groups: 167 women with normal OGTT, 7 women with one OGTT abnormal value, and 13 women with OGTT criteria for gestational diabetes. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board. We found a prevalence of 6.9% of gestational diabetes in our study group, and significant differences (p < 0.05) among parity, fasting blood glucose, macrosomy, family history of diabetes, obesity of 90 kg or more, and age > 35 years. Body mass index mean was over 25 kg/m2 in all groups. The 6.9% prevalence of gestational diabetes we found is higher than data between 3.9 and 6% previously reported in Mexico. This could reflect a selection bias of our sample; however, it represents a serious public health problem. Appropriate screening, diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment must be implemented.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The objective of this work to determine the prevalence and associated clinical variables of gestational diabetes in a group of pregnant women, using a prospective, longitudinal and comparative study. The setting where the study was performed was an urban General Hospital, and outpatient clinics of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social in Aguascalientes city, Mexico. The subjects were 187 pregnant women receiving prenatal care in two health care outpatient clinics where they had given informed consent for a 1-year period. All selected women without a history of diabetes mellitus were studied and scheduled for a full oral glucose tolerance test (OGGT) performed at 24-28 weeks of gestation. Gestational diabetes was diagnosed according to the American Diabetes Association. Results are shown for comparative purposes in three groups: 167 women with normal OGTT, 7 women with one OGTT abnormal value, and 13 women with OGTT criteria for gestational diabetes. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board. We found a prevalence of 6.9 percent of gestational diabetes in our study group, and significant differences (p<0.05) among parity, fasting blood glucose, macrosomy, family history of diabetes, obesity of 90 kg or more, and age >35 years. Body mass index mean was over 25 kg/m² in all groups. The 6.9 percent prevalence of gestational diabetes we found is higher than data between 3.9 and 6 percent previously reported in Mexico. This could reflect a selection bias of our sample; however, it represents a serious public health problem. Appropiate screening, diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment must be implemented

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An outbreak of post-rhinoplasty nasal cellulitis due to Mycobacterium chelonae in a secondary care centre is described. A case-control study demonstrated that the use of inadequately sterilized surgical equipment in the Otorhinolaryngology Department was a risk factor. The causal organism was cultured from the equipment, from the surface of the operating theatre lamp, adhesive tape and from two of the hospital's general water tanks. Introduction of effective instrument sterilization methods, monitored with biological controls, the use of new air filters and cleansing and disinfection of hospital water tanks, were sufficient to control the outbreak. The antimicrobial susceptibilities of the causal organism were consistently different from those previously reported in M. chelonae.

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The distribution of the fat tissue in the subcutaneous layer is described. Since it has specific characteristics in each region of the human body, careful evaluation of the distribution before selecting patients for surgery is necessary. The subcutaneous tissue after an operation frequently demonstrates a thick and hard fibrosis which is evidence that liposuction should be performed in the lamellar layers. This type of fibrotic tissue in the subcutaneous areola layer often brings on irregularities and ungraceful waves on the skin surface.

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O autor descreve conduta pessoal para a reconstrucao do mamilo nos casos em que e possivel utilizar o lado oposto.O fragmento mamilar constitui um enxerto composto de forma prismatica triangular que se adapta a superficie cruenta onde se pretende reconstruir o mamilo. Uma incisao em forma de "Y" e feita para criar os tres retalhos cutaneos

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The author describes an abdominoplasty emphasizing preparation of the abdominal flap, reinforcement of the muscular aponeurotic wall, treatment of the excess of cutaneous tegument, and careful handling of the umbilicus. He makes three umbilical flaps which are alternately stitched to three other flaps originating on the abdominal wall, which result in a scar hidden inside the umbilicus.