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BACKGROUND: Tuberculous pericarditis (TP) remains a challenge for endemic countries. In developing countries, one to two percent of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis develops TP. CASE SUMMARY: A 49-year-old woman presented with dyspnea, chest pain and dry cough. On physical examination, veiled heart sounds were found. The electrocardiogram showed low-voltage complexes and the transthoracic echocardiography revealed a large and free-looking pericardial effusion. The patient was taken for an open pericardiotomy. The pericardial fluid revealed high levels of adenosine deaminase and Ziehl-Neelsen stain showed acid-fast bacilli. Polymerase chain reaction study for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in pericardial fluid was positive. The patient received tetra conjugate management with adequate clinical response after the first week of treatment and resolution of fever and chest pain. CONCLUSION: In cases of TP, obtaining pericardial fluid and/or pericardial biopsy is the most efficient strategy to confirm the diagnosis. Early diagnosis of this entity will allow physicians to initiate timely treatment, avoid complications and improve the patient's clinical outcome, so we consider the description of this case pertinent and its review in the literature.
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Resumen Introducción: la enfermedad renal puede generar un cambio en la vida de las personas que la padecen, pues los obliga a cambiar sus estilos y proyectos de vida, facilitando las afecciones a nivel físico, psicológico y social. Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia y los factores asociados a la ansiedad en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica atendidos en dos unidades de diálisis de Boyacá, Colombia. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal analítico en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en fases avanzadas que estuvieran en manejo con terapia dialítica. Se incluyeron 224 participantes mayores de 18 años de edad que fueron seleccionados mediante un muestreo aleatorio simple y que firmaron un consentimiento informado de participación voluntaria. Resultados: la prevalencia de ansiedad fue de 41,33 %, además se encontró que tener pareja y apoyo familiar (0,42 %), estar empleado (0,56 %) y recibir una buena atención por parte del personal de salud (0,69 %) son factores protectores para la ansiedad. Por su parte, tener más de 2 años en diálisis (2,73 %) o hemodiálisis (2,92 %), tener enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (3,19 %), padecer de diabetes mellitus (3,23 %), tener antecedente familiar de enfermedad renal crónica (3,58 %), ser mujer (4,46 %) y ser mayor de 50 años (4,73 %) son factores que aumentan la probabilidad de presentar ansiedad. Conclusiones: los factores asociados a la ansiedad encontrados en la población estudiada son congruentes con los de la mayoría de estudios al respecto. Dada la importante prevalencia de este trastorno en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica, es importante implementar estrategias psicoterapéuticas haciendo énfasis en la población con mayor riesgo de desarrollarla.
Abstract Introduction: Kidney pathology can generate a change in people's lives, since it forces us to change life styles and projects, facilitating physical, psychological and social conditions. Objective: To determine the factors associated with anxiety in patients with chronic kidney disease treated in two dialysis units of the department of Boyacá. Materials and methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted, which included patients with chronic kidney disease in advanced stages who were managed with dialysis therapy. We included 224 patients over 18 years of age who accepted the informed consent for voluntary participation, selected by simple random sampling. Results: The prevalence of anxiety was 41.33 %, where it was found that having a partner, family support (0.42), being employed (0.56) and good care by health personnel (0.69) are protective factors for anxiety, while having more than 2 years on dialysis (2.73), hemodialysis (2.92), having chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (3.19), suffering from diabetes mellitus (3.23), Family history of chronic kidney disease (3.58), being a woman (4.46) and being older than 50 years (4.73) are factors that increase the likelihood of anxiety. Conclusions: the factors associated with anxiety in our study in patients with chronic kidney disease are congruent with the majority of studies carried out in this regard. Given the significant prevalence of anxiety in patients with chronic kidney disease, it is important to implement psychotherapeutic strategies in these patients with emphasis on the population with a higher risk of developing it.