RESUMO
SETTING: The Mycobacteria Group of the National Reference Laboratory, National Laboratory Network, National Institute of Health and the Public Health Laboratories of Antioquia, Atlántico and Valle del Cauca, Colombia. OBJECTIVE: To compare BACTEC™ MGIT™ (Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube) 960 and the nitrate reductase assay (NRA) with the proportion method on Löwenstein-Jensen medium and to determine resistance to first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs. METHODS: Evaluation of diagnostic assays using time-adjusted convenience sampling. We analysed 183 isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to compare MGIT 960 and NRA with the proportion method. RESULTS: MGIT 960 had a sensitivity and specificity of 90% for isoniazid (INH), and respectively 100% and 99.4% for rifampicin (RMP). NRA had a sensitivity and a specificity of respectively 86% and 94.7% for INH and 100% and 99% for RMP. CONCLUSION: Given its high sensitivity and specificity, and easy accessibility and interpretation of results, the NRA should be implemented in the National Laboratory Network for the detection of resistance to INH and RMP.
Assuntos
Mycobacterium tuberculosis/efeitos dos fármacos , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/enzimologia , Nitrato Redutases/análise , Técnicas Bacteriológicas/métodos , Ensaios Enzimáticos Clínicos , Técnicas de Laboratório Clínico , Colômbia , Humanos , Laboratórios , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolamento & purificaçãoAssuntos
DNA de Neoplasias/sangue , Neoplasias Pulmonares/sangue , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Bancos de Sangue , Dano ao DNA/genética , DNA de Neoplasias/genética , DNA de Cadeia Simples/genética , Amplificação de Genes/genética , Globinas/genética , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genéticaRESUMO
AIMS: The aim of this paper is to theoretically define some aspects related with cognitive rehabilitation, as well as the methodological principles needed to draw up a programme of rehabilitation for these functions. METHOD: We performed an analysis of the definitions developed by different contemporary authors, of the theoretical approaches to cognitive rehabilitation, and the modes and models of how the functions are organised within the brain. Lastly, we set out the fundamental methodological principles to be taken into account in the production of a cognitive intervention programme, and describe the advantages offered by computer aided procedures as compared to the conventional methods of rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive rehabilitation is currently considered one of the most important tasks or directions in neuropsychology and a number of theoretical and methodological approaches have been developed to deal with it. Over the past few years there has been a notable increase in the number of studies carried out involving cognitive intervention, especially in patients who are carriers of brain injuries of a traumatic or vascular aetiology and which give rise to a collection of motor, sensory and cognitive disorders. The level of development achieved in the cognitive neurosciences and IT have contributed to the conventional methods being substituted by computer applications that allow greater effectiveness in the rehabilitating process
Assuntos
Lesões Encefálicas/reabilitação , Transtornos Cognitivos/reabilitação , Encéfalo/fisiologia , Humanos , Microcomputadores , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Reabilitação/métodosRESUMO
Considerations are made on the importance of septicemia and the difficulty for an early diagnosis in most patients. The great usefulness shown by bone-marrow culture in the diagnosis of typhoid fever is pointed out and it is considered that this procedure may lend great help in the etiologic diagnosis of general infections. Twenty patients with septicemia are analyzed and the frequency of bone-marrow culture and of blood culture positiveness are compared and it is found that the percentage is greater for the first than for the second.
Assuntos
Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Medula Óssea/microbiologia , Sepse/microbiologia , Sangue/microbiologia , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , MétodosRESUMO
The present report deals with the case of an eleven-years-old child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who showed blastic crises, leukostasis and cerebral hemorrhage. The pathogenesis of these complications is analyzed and some therapeutic rules are outlined.
Assuntos
Permeabilidade Capilar , Hemorragia Cerebral/etiologia , Inflamação , Leucemia Linfoide/complicações , Doença Aguda , Medula Óssea/patologia , Encéfalo/patologia , Hemorragia Cerebral/patologia , Criança , Humanos , Leucemia Linfoide/patologia , MasculinoRESUMO
A case of giant hemangiolymphangioma of abdominal cavity is reported. It showed severe bleeding from consumption coagulopathy and secondary fibrinolysis. (Kasabach-Merritt syndrome). A review is made of the production mechanism of coagulation abnormalities that may accompany vascular neoplasias, the usefulness of anticoagulants and the selective treatment in this type of disease.