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OBJECTIVES: The overall pooled success rate of the Hall Technique (HT) in various types of studies has not been investigated. The present study aims to evaluate the success rate of HT to restore carious primary molars. METHODS: A systematic search was carried out in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Scopus, Web of Science, and LIVIVO electronic databases, as well as the ProQuest database for grey literature review. A search was carried out up to September 2023 for studies meeting the eligibility criteria: Randomised Clinical Trials (RCTs) and Non-Randomised Studies of Interventions (NRSIs); children with primary molars treated using HT; and reporting success for at least 1-month post-treatment. Single-arm meta-analysis assessed the pooled proportion (95% CI) of HT success rates. Risk of bias and certainty of evidence using the GRADE approach were assessed. RESULTS: Searching identified 665 studies, with 25 (15 RCTs and 10 NRSIs) meeting the eligibility criteria. In meta-analyses of RCTs, the pooled proportion success rate was 98% (95% CI: 97-99%) at 12-month follow-up. For NRSIs, the pooled proportion success rate was 95% (95% CI: 91-100%) up to 89 months. CONCLUSIONS: HT presents a high success rate, even though the primary studies had "low" to "high" risk of bias and demonstrated "moderate" to "low" certainty of evidence. One of the main reasons for downgrading was related to blinding, which was generally unfeasible due to visibly different restorative materials. The systematic review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (ID: CRD42021204415).

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BACKGROUND: The survival of ART restorations can be influenced by the choice of the restorative material. The aim of this randomized non-inferiority controlled trial was to compare the 2-year survival rate and cost analysis of two encapsulated glass ionomer cements (GIC) as occlusoproximal restorative materials in primary molars. METHODS: Children from public schools in Tietê (Brazil), aged 4-8 years with occlusoproximal dentine carious lesions in primary molars were selected and randomly assigned to receive either Equia Forte (EF) or Riva Self Cure (RSC) as restorative materials. Treatment was carried out by two trained final-year dental students in schools following ART premises. Restorations were assessed by a trained and calibrated examiner after 2, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. The primary outcome was restoration survival after 2 years, analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analysis (α = 5%). Professional and materials costs for each group were collected in Brazilian Reais (R$) and converted into US dollars (US$) and analyzed using Monte-Carlo simulation. RESULTS: A total of 152 children (76 per group) were included in the study, and 121 (79%) were evaluated after 2 years. The overall 2-year restoration survival rate was 39% (EF = 45%; RSC = 32%) with no difference between the groups. The baseline and 2-year total cost of restorations using RSC was lower when compared to EF (incremental cost: US$ 6.18). CONCLUSION: After two years of follow-up, Riva Self Cure shows comparable restoration survival rates to Equia Forte, being more cost-effective in the Brazilian perspective. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This randomized clinical trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.Gov - NCT02730000.

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Sustainability is a core topic for all sectors including geotechnical engineering (e.g., design of foundations, earthworks structures, and pavements for major infrastructure and building projects). Despite being comprised of environmental, economic, and social pillars, most sustainability studies in this area have focused on the first. Furthermore, social impacts and the three pillars integration are little explored. As a result, there is a lack of systemic and holistic assessments of innovative geotechnical alternatives. This research advances in this area by performing a complete sustainability assessment and integration of the environmental, economic, and social pillars of two expansive soil stabilization alternatives: (i) sugar cane bagasse ash combined with hydrated eggshell lime alkali-activated by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and (ii) Portland cement. Individual analyses were carried out to determine the environmental, economic, and social impacts, and the single sustainability index. Alkali-activated binder dosages showed higher impacts in 4 out of 10 environmental categories. For both binders, high-density/low-binder dosages contributed to environmental and economic sustainability as they require lower quantities of raw materials and diesel for materials transportation. The total costs of alkali-activated binder dosages ($189.79 and $154.45) were higher than that of Portland cement ($72.49 and $54.04), mainly due to the high cost of NaOH acquisition. However, the alkali-activated binder dosages implied lower carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and thus lower social cost of CO2. The alternative binder presented a higher positive social impact. The alkali-activated high-density/low binder dosage is the most sustainable soil stabilization strategy.

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Abstract Objective: to analyze the prevalence of tuberculosis, coronavirus, chronic conditions and vulnerabilities among migrants and refugees in Brazil. Method: this is a cross-sectional study of the electronic survey type conducted with international migrants during the COVID-19 pandemic. Descriptive statistics was applied for the analysis, with calculation of position and dispersion measures. Regarding the categorical variables, relative and absolute frequencies were estimated. Results: the study participants were 553 migrants and refugees, verifying 3.07%, 7.2% and 27.3% prevalence of tuberculosis, COVID-19 and chronic conditions, respectively. Among the vulnerabilities, 32% reported unemployment, 37.6% moved to Brazil as a result of the social situation in their countries and 33.6% were living as refugees or sheltered people. Conclusion: tuberculosis, chronic diseases and COVID-19 presented higher prevalence values in migrants and refugees than in the general population. As this is a population group that still has significant difficulty accessing health services and social protection systems, based on diverse evidence, the study will subsidize public policies, Nursing care and the incorporation of new routines in the service.

Resumo Objetivo: analisar a prevalência de tuberculose, coronavírus, condições crônicas e vulnerabilidades entre migrantes e refugiados no Brasil. Método: trata-se de estudo transversal, do tipo inquérito eletrônico, realizado com migrantes internacionais durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Para a análise, aplicou-se estatística descritiva, com cálculo de medidas de posição e de dispersão. Quanto às variáveis categóricas, estimaram-se as frequências relativas e absolutas. Resultados: participaram do estudo 553 migrantes e refugiados, verificando-se prevalência de 3,07% de tuberculose, 7,2% de COVID-19 e 27,3% de condições crônicas. Entre as vulnerabilidades, 32% referiram desemprego, 37,6% mudaram para o Brasil em decorrência da situação social do seu país e 33,6% residiam em asilo e ou abrigo. Conclusão: a tuberculose, as doenças crônicas e a COVID-19 apresentaram maior prevalência em migrantes e refugiados que na população em geral. Por tratar-se de uma população ainda com grande dificuldade de acesso aos serviços de saúde e aos sistemas de proteção social, o estudo subsidiará, com base em evidências, as políticas públicas, o atendimento do enfermeiro e a incorporação de novas rotinas no serviço.

Resumen Objetivo: analizar la prevalencia de tuberculosis, coronavirus, condiciones crónicas y vulnerabilidades en inmigrantes y refugiados en Brasil. Método: se trata de un estudio transversal, del tipo encuesta electrónica, realizado con migrantes internacionales durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Para el análisis se aplicó estadística descriptiva, con cálculo de medidas de posición y dispersión. En cuanto a las variables categóricas, se estimaron las frecuencias relativas y absolutas. Resultados: participaron del estudio 553 inmigrantes y refugiados, la prevalencia de tuberculosis era del 3,07%, de COVID-19 del 7,2% y de condiciones crónicas del 27,3%. Entre las vulnerabilidades, el 32% reportó desempleo, el 37,6% emigró a Brasil por la situación social de su país y el 33,6% vivía en un asilo o albergue. Conclusión: la tuberculosis, las enfermedades crónicas y el COVID-19 fueron más prevalentes en inmigrantes y refugiados que en la población general. Por tratarse de una población que aún tiene grandes dificultades para acceder a los servicios de salud y sistemas de protección social, el estudio contribuirá, con base en la evidencia, a las políticas públicas, la atención de enfermería y la incorporación de nuevas rutinas en el servicio.

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Lifestyle and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are good markers of surgical obesity treatment. This study aimed to investigate the lifestyle and HRQoL of patients at least five years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in public (SUS) and private (PVT) Brazilian healthcare systems. In this cross-sectional study, weight loss (WL), % of excess WL (%EWL), diet quality, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and HRQoL were evaluated. Analysis of covariance, binary and multinomial logistic regression, adjusted for confounders, were performed. The SUS group had more vulnerable socioeconomic statuses than the PVT group. Total %WL and % EWL were 24.64 ± 0.99% and 60.46 ± 2.41%, respectively, without difference between groups. In the Pain/Discomfort and Anxiety/Depression domains of HRQoL, more than 50% reported moderate problems without differences between groups. Processed food ingestion was higher in the PVT (132.10 ± 60.15 g/1000 kcal) than in the SUS (103.43 ± 41.72 g/1000 kcal), however, without statistical significance (p = 0.093). The PVT group showed lower physical activity (OR: 0.23; 95%CI: 0.87-0.63; p = 0.004) and a higher risk of alcohol-related problems (OR: 3.23; 95%CI; 1.03-10.10; p = 0.044) compared to SUS group. Participants generally achieved satisfactory WL, regardless of healthcare systems. However, PVT participants had unfavorable lifestyle characteristics, highlighting the need for studies investigating environmental issues post-bariatric surgery.

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OBJECTIVE: to analyze the prevalence of tuberculosis, coronavirus, chronic conditions and vulnerabilities among migrants and refugees in Brazil. METHOD: this is a cross-sectional study of the electronic survey type conducted with international migrants during the COVID-19 pandemic. Descriptive statistics was applied for the analysis, with calculation of position and dispersion measures. Regarding the categorical variables, relative and absolute frequencies were estimated. RESULTS: the study participants were 553 migrants and refugees, verifying 3.07%, 7.2% and 27.3% prevalence of tuberculosis, COVID-19 and chronic conditions, respectively. Among the vulnerabilities, 32% reported unemployment, 37.6% moved to Brazil as a result of the social situation in their countries and 33.6% were living as refugees or sheltered people. CONCLUSION: tuberculosis, chronic diseases and COVID-19 presented higher prevalence values in migrants and refugees than in the general population. As this is a population group that still has significant difficulty accessing health services and social protection systems, based on diverse evidence, the study will subsidize public policies, Nursing care and the incorporation of new routines in the service.

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O objetivo deste artigo é examinar os múltiplos sentidos atribuídos à noção de neutralidade analítica. Tal palavra foi usada pela primeira vez por Strachey na tradução inglesa do texto "Observações sobre o amor transferencial" e emergiu nas discussões clínicas dos pós-freudianos e psicólogos do ego sobre abstinência e contratransferência. Em seguida, uma investigação sobre a história do movimento psicanalítico brasileiro demonstra, mediante notícias e relatos do Caso Amílcar Lobo, candidato a analista envolvido com a tortura política, que a noção de neutralidade foi empregada para ocultar a omissão das instituições nacionais e internacionais frente à violência de Estado durante a ditadura militar. Defendemos a importância de entrelaçar ambas as perspectivas teórica e sociopolítica para considerar a questão da neutralidade com a devida complexidade.

The objective of this article is to examine the multiple meanings attributed to the notion of analytical neutrality. Such a word was used for the first time by Strachey in the English translation of the text "Observations on Transference-Love" and emerged in post-Freudians and Ego psychologists' clinical discussions about abstinence and countertransference. A subsequent investigation into the history of Brazilian's psychoanalytical movement demonstrates, through news items and published reports of the Amílcar Lobo Case, analyst candidate involved with political torture, that the notion of neutrality was employed to conceal the omission of national and international institutions towards State violence during the military dictatorship. We defend the importance of interlacing both theoretical and sociopolitical perspectives to consider the issue of neutrality with appropriate complexity.

L'objectif de cet article est d'examiner les multiples sens attribués à la notion de neutralité analytique. Tel mot a été utilisé par la première fois dans la traduction anglaise faite par Strachey du text "Observations sur l'amour de transfert", et a emergé dans les discussions cliniques sur l'abstinence et le contre-transfert chez les post-freudiens et les psychologues de l'ego. Ensuite, une investigation sur l'histoire du mouvement psychanalytique brésilien démontre, par le biais des nouvelles et récits du Cas Amílcar Lobo, celui-ci candidat à la position de psychanalyste et impliqué dans des cas de torture politique, que la notion de neutralité a été employé pour occulter l'omission des institutions nationaux et internationaux face à la violence de l'État pendant la dictature militaire. On défend l'importance d'entrelacer tous les deux perspectives téoriques et sociopolitiques pour approcher la question de la neutralité politique avec la complexité requise.

El objetivo de este artículo es examinar los múltiples sentidos atribuidos a la noción de neutralidad analítica. Tal palabra fue usada por primera vez por Strachey en la traducción inglesa del texto "Observaciones sobre el amor de trasferencia" y emergió en las discusiones clínicas de los post-freudianos y psicólogos del ego sobre la abstinencia y la contratrasferencia. Una investigación subsiguiente sobre la historia del movimiento psicoanalítico brasileño, mediante los artículos y relatos del caso Amílcar Lobo, analista-candidato enzarzado con la tortura política, que la noción de neutralidad fue empleada para ocultar la omisión de las instituciones nacionales e internacionales frente a la violencia estatal de la dictadura militar. Defendimos la importancia de entrelazar ambas perspectivas teórica y sociopolítica para considerar la cuestión de la neutralidad con la debida complejidad.

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Resumo Objetivo Construir um aplicativo para o acompanhamento do tratamento de pessoas com tuberculose. Métodos Estudo metodológico com três fases: preparação do mapa conceitual por meio de manuais do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil e da Organização Mundial da Saúde; a construção do aplicativo com a elaboração do projeto de navegação e a prototipagem; e validação por conteúdo e semântica guiada pelo método de Pasquale com validação de conteúdo por juízes especialistas em saúde em ambiente online e validação de semântica pelo público-alvo, pessoas com tuberculose atendidas em uma unidade de saúde de Natal, no Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, por meio da Técnica Delphi analisada a partir do Índice de Validade de Conteúdo. Resultados Construiu-se o aplicativo em sua versão final após três etapas da Técnica Delphi. Na etapa Delphi 3, o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo global foi de 0,92, sendo avaliado por sete juízes especialistas nas regiões Norte, Nordeste, Centro-Oeste, Sul e Sudeste e validado por seis pessoas com tuberculose atendidas, alcançando um Índice de Validade de Conteúdo global de 0,98. Conclusão O aplicativo foi validado quanto ao conteúdo e à semântica por juízes especialistas, em uma perspectiva multiprofissional, e atuantes na área de tuberculose de mais de uma região do Brasil e pelo público-alvo a que se destina, sendo considerado uma ferramenta importante para somar às estratégias de controle para o fim da tuberculose.

Resumen Objetivo Elaborar una aplicación para el seguimiento del tratamiento de personas con tuberculosis. Métodos Estudio metodológico de tres fases: preparación del mapa conceptual por medio de manuales del Ministerio de Salud de Brasil y de la Organización Mundial de la Salud; desarrollo de la aplicación con la elaboración del proyecto de navegación y creación del prototipo; y validación de contenido y semántica guiada por el método de Pasquale, en la cual la validación de contenido fue realizada por jueces especialistas en salud en ambiente virtual y la validación semántica por el público destinatario, personas con tuberculosis atendidas en una unidad de salud de Natal, estado de Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, mediante el método Delphi analizado a partir del Índice de Validez de Contenido. Resultados Se elaboró la aplicación en su versión final luego de tres etapas del método Delphi. En la etapa Delphi 3, el Índice de Validez de Contenido global fue 0,92, evaluado por siete jueces especialistas de las regiones Norte, Nordeste, Centro-oeste, Sur y Sudeste, y validado por seis personas con tuberculosis atendidas, con un Índice de Validez de Contenido global de 0,98. Conclusión La aplicación fue validada respecto al contenido y a la semántica por jueces especialistas, bajo una perspectiva multiprofesional y del área de tuberculosis con presencia en más de una región de Brasil, y por el público destinatario. Fue considerada una herramienta importante para sumar a las estrategias de control para el fin de la tuberculosis.

Abstract Objective To develop an application for monitoring the treatment of individuals with tuberculosis. Methods A methodological study with three phases: preparation of the concept map according to the manuals of the Brazilian Ministry of Health and the World Health Organization; development of the application, with navigation and prototyping design; and based on Pasquale's method, content validation was performed by health experts in an online environment with semantic validation by the target audience, individuals with tuberculosis treated in a health unit in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, using the Delphi technique, analyzed using the Content Validity Index. Results The final version of the application was developed after three rounds of the Delphi technique. In the third Delphi round, the overall Content Validity Index was 0.92, as rated by seven expert evaluators in the North, Northeast, Central-West, South, and Southeast of Brazil, and validated by six patients being treated for tuberculosis, obtaining an overall Content Validity Index of 0.98. Conclusion The application was validated regarding content and semantics by expert evaluators working in the area of tuberculosis in more than one region of Brazil, from a multidisciplinary perspective, and by the target audience for which it is intended. It was considered an important tool to contribute to control strategies for the treatment of tuberculosis.

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Objetivo:Descrever as dificuldades e/ ou facilidades encontradas no acesso a medicamentos do CEAF. Método: Revisão integrativa de literatura, com levantamento online no Portal de Periódicos Eletrônicos disponibilizado pela CAPES, nas Bases de Dados DOAJ, Latindex, SciELO Brazil e Medline Complete, com os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde: Assistência farmacêutica, Medicamentos do Componente Especializado da Assistência Farmacêutica e Acesso aos serviços de saúde. Foram selecionados nove artigos, sendo realizada análise descritiva, com a criação das categorias: Facilidades no acesso aos medicamentos do CEAF; Dificuldades no acesso aos medicamentos do CEAF. Resultados:As facilidades encontradas foram: descentralização; aumento de usuários; qualificação da equipe; encaminhamento dos documentos; preenchimento da prescrição médica com Denominação Comum Brasileira; infraestrutura; participação do farmacêutico; oferta de medicamentos em casa. Já as dificuldades foram: insuficiência de recursos; acesso a consultas; tempo para avaliação das solicitações; necessidade de incorporação de medicamentos; insuficiência de farmacêutico; falta de estrutura física; déficit de conhecimento dos médicos e farmacêuticos sobre os PCDT; ações judiciais. Conclusão: É necessário superar os desafios encontrados para que o acesso aos medicamentos do CEAF seja efetivado na prática enquanto direito de cidadania

Objective:To describe the difficulties and/or facilities encountered in accessing CEAF medication. Method:Integrative literature review, with online survey in the Electronic Journals Portal made available by CAPES, in the DOAJ, Latindex, SciELO Brazil and Medline Complete Databases, with the Health Sciences Descriptors: Pharmaceutical assistance, Medicines ofthe Specialized Component of Assistance Pharmaceuticals and Access to Health Services. Nine articles were selected, and a descriptive analysis was carried out, with the creation of the categories: Ease of access to CEAF medicines; Difficulties in accessing CEAF medicines. Results:The facilities found were: decentralization; increase in users; team qualification; routing of documents; filling out the medical prescription with Brazilian Common Denomination; infrastructure; pharmacist participation; supply of medicines at home. The difficulties were: insufficient resources; access to queries; time for evaluating requests; need for medication incorporation; pharmacist insufficiency; lack of physical structure; lack of knowledge of physicians and pharmacists about PCDT; judicial actions. Conclusion:It is necessary to overcome the challenges encountered so that access to CEAF medicines is implemented in practice as a right of citizenship.

Objetivo: Describir las dificultades y/o facilidades encontradas en el acceso a la medicación CEAF. Método:Revisión integrativa de la literatura, con encuesta en línea en el Portal de Revistas Electrónicas disponible por la CAPES, en las Bases de Datos DOAJ, Latindex, SciELO Brasil y Medline Complete, con los Descriptores de Ciencias de la Salud: Asistencia Farmacéutica, Medicamentos del Componente Especializado de Asistencia Farmacéutica y Acceso a los Servicios de Salud. Se seleccionaron nueve artículos y se realizó un análisis descriptivo, con la creación de las categorías: Facilidad de acceso a los medicamentos del CEAF; Dificultades en el acceso a los medicamentos del CEAF. Resultados:Las facilidades encontradas fueron: descentralización; aumento de usuarios; calificación del equipo; enrutamiento de documentos; diligenciamiento de la prescripción médica con Denominación Común Brasileña; infraestructura; participación farmacéutica; suministro de medicamentos a domicilio. Las dificultades fueron: recursos insuficientes; acceso a consultas; tiempo para evaluar las solicitudes; necesidad de incorporación de medicamentos; insuficiencia farmacéutica; falta de estructura física; falta de conocimiento de médicos y farmacéuticos sobre PCDT; acciones judiciales. Conclusión:Es necesario superar los desafíos encontrados para que el acceso a los medicamentos del CEAF sea implementado en la práctica como un derecho de ciudadanía.

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Objetivo: evidenciar através de uma revisão integrativa os resultados clínicos atuais da suplementação de glutamina na melhora da saúde intestinal, através de sintomas e exames bioquímicos. Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura realizada no período de setembro de de 2021 nas bases de dados Pubmed e Scielo. Resultados: Foi realizado uma busca pelos descritores em saúde determinados e foram selecionadas 08 produções cientificas que atenderam os critérios de inclusão. Conclusão: Sugere-se novas pesquisas que elucidem as dosagens, efeitos colaterais e respostas terapêuticas da glutamina sobre parâmetros de saúde intestinal.

Objective: to evidence through an integrative review the current clinical results of glutamine supplementation in the improvement of intestinal health, through symptoms and biochemical tests. Method: Integrative review of the literature conducted in the period of September 2021 in the Pubmed and Scielo databases. Results: A search was performed for the defined health descriptors and 08 scientific productions were selected that met the inclusion criteria. Conclusion: Further research is suggested to elucidate the dosages, side effects and therapeutic responses of glutamine on intestinal health parameters.

Objetivo: evidenciar a través de una revisión integradora los resultados clínicos actuales de la suplementación con glutamina en la mejora de la salud intestinal, a través de síntomas y pruebas bioquímicas. Método: Revisión integradora de la literatura realizada en el periodo de septiembre de 2021 en las bases de datos Pubmed y Scielo. Resultados: Se realizó una búsqueda de los descriptores de salud definidos y se seleccionaron 08 producciones científicas que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Conclusión: Se sugiere investigación adicional para dilucidar las dosis, los efectos secundarios y las respuestas terapéuticas de la glutamina en los parámetros de salud intestinal.

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Abstract Mutations in SCN8A gene lead to changes in sodium channels in the brain, which are correlated with severe epileptic syndrome. Due to the rarity, there are few studies that support anesthesia in that population. The present study aims to report alternatives to inhalation anesthesia at epileptic encephalopathy. Case report: Male, 4 years old, with SCN8A encephalopathy with surgical indication of orchidopexy. Neuroaxis block was performed and dexmedetomidine was used as a pre-anesthetic and sedation. The anestheticsurgical act was uneventful. Conclusion: The association of neuraxial block and dexmedetomidine proved to be a viable alternative for surgery in patients with SCN8A encephalopathy.

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This paper provides general expressions for Bartlett and Bartlett-type correction factors for the likelihood ratio and gradient statistics to test the dispersion parameter vector in heteroscedastic symmetric nonlinear models. This class of regression models is potentially useful to model data containing outlying observations. Furthermore, we develop Monte Carlo simulations to compare size and power of the proposed corrected tests to the original likelihood ratio, score, gradient tests, corrected score test, and bootstrap tests. Our simulation results favor the score and gradient corrected tests as well as the bootstrap tests. We also present an empirical application.

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The effect of socioeconomic status (SES) on weight loss (WL) after bariatric surgery (BS) remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between SES and WL at least 12 months after BS. This study included 53 observational studies (retrieved from databases in October 2021 and updated in February 2022) involving adults who underwent any type of BS; SES data and data regarding outcomes of weight loss were also retrieved. Our results revealed that white individuals had a higher percentage of excess WL than blacks (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.25-10.99, heterogeneity index [I2] = 44.87% and 95% CI: 8.08-13.59, I2 = 0%, respectively; both p < 0.01) after 12 and 24 months of BS. In conclusion, only race/ethnicity was associated with WL after BS.

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A Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental (TCC) é uma ferramenta indispensável durante o processo terapêutico de pacientes que se enquadram no Transtorno Obsessivo-Compulsivo (TOC). O presente artigo teve como objetivo principal relatar que, mesmo em um caso grave deste transtorno, através da TCC associada à psicofarmacologia, foi possível diminuir os sintomas obsessivo-compulsivos. Este caso retrata um processo diagnóstico de TOC de um paciente de 59 anos, cujos sintomas se iniciaram na infância e foram tratados somente com ênfase em um tipo medicamentoso (Clomipramina, 300 mg/dia), causando persistência dos sintomas. Os comportamentos-alvo selecionados (todos sendo parte do espectro obsessivo-compulsivo), analisados funcionalmente e com intervenções bem descritas propunham diminuir a apresentação dos sintomas, entretanto, sem a pretensão de suprimi-los completamente. Este estudo de caso permitiu verificar uma melhora significativa nos comportamentos-problema apresentados inicialmente pelo paciente e, assim, constatar a efetividade da terapia cognitivo-comportamental associada à psicofarmacologia e da escolha das intervenções, com base na aplicação da escala Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive (Y-BOCS) durante o período de 20 semanas, com a diminuição de quase 50% dos sintomas na percepção dos pacientes.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is an indispensable tool during the therapeutic process of patients who fall into Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). The main objective was to report that, even in a severe case of this disorder, through CBT associated with psychopharmacology, it was possible to decrease the obsessive-compulsive symptoms. This case portrays a diagnostic process of OCD of a 59-year-old patient whose symptoms started in childhood and were treated only with an emphasis on one type of medication (Clomipramine, 300 mg/day), causing the persistence of symptoms. The selected target behaviors (all being part of the obsessive-compulsive spectrum) were functionally analyzed and with well-described interventions proposed to decrease the presentation of symptoms, however, without the pretension of completely suppressing them. This case study allowed us to verify a significant improvement in the problem behaviors initially presented by the client and, thus, to verify the effectiveness of the cognitive behavioral therapy associated with psychopharmacology and the choice of interventions, based on the application of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) during 20 weeks, with a decrease of almost 50% of the symptoms in the patient's perception.

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RESUMO: Apresentamos nesse artigo os primeiros resultados de uma pesquisa de pós-doutorado desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-graduação em Teoria Psicanalítica da UFRJ, que tem, como campo de intervenção do psicanalista, os movimentos sociais populares. A hipótese de trabalho sustentada é a de que a presença do psicanalista junto a tais movimentos favorece a sublimação, um destino da pulsão diferente do recalque e das perversões e pode servir como meio de decolonização dos laços sociais e de tratamento do gozo racista. Através da apropriação das novas tecnologias digitais, movimentos de base popular e de transformação social e política constroem novos modos de transmissão de um uso particular da língua, da cultura e das invenções singulares para enfrentamento do colonialismo e da necropolítica. A subversão do sujeito pode ser testemunhada pela amplificação de vozes que encontram ressonância na pólis, rompendo o silenciamento histórico imposto pelo jugo da raça, que reduz sujeitos a objetos-dejeto do capital.

ABSTRACT: We present in this article the first results of a post-doctoral research developed in the Graduate Program in Psychoanalytic Theory at UFRJ, which has, as a field of intervention of the psychoanalyst, popular social movements. The working hypothesis is that the presence of the psychoanalyst with such movements favors sublimation, a destination of the drive different from repression and perversions and can serve as a means of decolonizing social ties and treating racist jouissance. Through the appropriation of new digital technologies, grassroots movements and social and political transformation build new modes of transmission of a particular use of language, culture and unique inventions to face colonialism and necropolitics. The subversion of the subject can be witnessed by the amplification of voices that find resonance in the polis, breaking the historical silencing imposed by the yoke of race, which reduces subjects to capital waste objects.

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ABSTRACT Purpose: To develop an application (TopEye) in the iOS platform for mobile devices to allow the capture and interpretation of color maps generated by corneal topographers using artificial intelligence. Methods: In the execution, follow-up, and assessment of the project, we used the Scrum methodology and interactive and incremental development process for the project management and agile software development. The ge nerated diagnostic pattern bank consists of 1,172 examples of corneal topography, divided into 275 spherical, 302 symmetrical, 295 asymmetrical, and 300 irregular patterns (keratoconus). For the development of the artificial intelligence of the application, network training was established with 240 images of each pattern type, with a total of 960 patterns (81.91%). The remaining 212 images (18.09%) were used to test the application and will be used for the results. The process is semi-automatic, so the topographic image is captured with a smartphone, the examiner performs the contour of the corneal relief manually, and then the neural network performs the diagnosis. Results: The application diagnosed 201 cases (94.81%) correctly. In 212 images, the algorithm missed the classification of 11 cases (5.19%). The major error that occurred was in distinguishing between symmetrical and asymmetrical classes. In keratoconus screening, the application reached 95.00% sensitivity and 98.68% specificity. Conclusion: The work resulted in obtaining an efficient application to capture topographic images using a smartphone camera and their interpretations through applied artificial intelligence.

RESUMO Objetivo: Desenvolver um aplicativo (TopEye) na plataforma iOS para dispositivos móveis que possibilite a captação e interpretação do mapa de cores gerados por qualquer topógrafo corneano através da inteligência artificial (IA). Metodos: A execução, acompanhamento e avaliação do projeto foi utilizada a metodologia Scrum, processo de desenvolvimento interativo e incremental para gerenciamento de projetos e desenvolvimento ágil de software. O banco de padrões de diagnóstico gerado consiste em 1172 exemplos, divididos em: 275 padrões esféricos, 302 regulares simétricos, 295 regulares assimétricos e 300 irregulares (ceratocone). Para o desenvolvimento da inteligência artificial do aplicativo, foi estabelecido o treinamento da rede com 240 imagens de cada tipo de padrão, totalizando 960 (81,91%) padrões. O restante das imagens, 212 (18,09%), foram utilizadas para testar o aplicativo e usadas para gerar os resultados. O processo é semiautomático, assim a captação da imagem topográfica é realizada com smartphone, o examinador realiza o contorno do relevo corneano manualmente para em seguida a rede neural realizar o diagnóstico. Resultados: O aplicativo diagnosticou 201 (94,81%) imagens corretamente. De um total de 212 imagens, o algoritmo errou a classificação de apenas 11 (5,19%). A principal ocorrência de erro foi na distinção das classes simétrica e assimétrica. No rastreio do ceratocone o aplicativo alcançou 95,00% de sensibilidade e 98,68% especificidade. Conclusão: O trabalho resultou na obtenção de um aplicativo eficiente na captura da imagem topográfica pela câmera do smartphone e na interpretação da mesma através da inteligência artificial aplicada.

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Objetivo: descrever as facilidades e dificuldades na promoção do direito à saúde de rianças com síndrome congênita do vírus zika (SCZ). Materiais e métodos: estudo qualitativo realizado nos serviços onde as crianças com SCZ são acompanhadas, no município de Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brasil. Para a coleta de dados, foram utilizadas a entrevista semiestruturada e a observação sistemática. Os participantes foram constituídos de três grupos: grupo I (sete responsáveis das crianças com SCZ); grupo II (seis profissionais de saúde e dos serviços sociais) e grupo III (oito gestores dos serviços de saúde). Utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: emergiram duas categorias empíricas: "Facilidades na promoção do direito à saúde", que diz respeito ao direito à saúde ser uma garantia legal, à existência de profissionais comprometidos, ao acesso à informação, à priorização do acesso, à disponibilização de transporte e à existência de uma rede de apoio familiar; "Dificuldades na promoção do direito à saúde", que foram a demanda/procura por serviços/consultas/exames ser maior que a oferta, o tempo destinado para as atividades de estimulação precoce e a sua frequência de realização ser menor que a necessária, a inexistência de um espaço de referência para o atendimento interprofissional, a inclusão escolar, o transporte insuficiente, a aquisição de cadeira de rodas, órteses e próteses. Conclusões: a descrição das facilidades e dificuldades na promoção do direito à saúde de crianças com SCZ poderá contribuir para o acesso aos serviços e às práticas de saúde, mediante uma política de saúde efetiva e adequada à realidade apresentada, colaborando para uma maior qualidade de vida.

Objetivo: describir las facilidades y dificultades para la promoción del derecho a la salud de los niños con síndrome congénito asociado a la infección por el virus Zika (SCZ). Materiales y métodos: estudio cualitativo realizado en servicios de acompañamiento a niños con SCZ en la ciudad de Feira de Santana, Bahía, Brasil. Para la recolección de información se utilizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas y el método de observación sistemática. Los participantes fueron organizados en tres grupos: grupo I (siete cuidadores de niños con SCZ), grupo II (seis profesionales del servicio social y de la salud) y grupo III (ocho directores de servicios de salud). En el análisis de resultados se empleó la técnica de análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: dos categorías empíricas surgieron de este trabajo. La primera de ellas, denominada Facilidades para promover el derecho a la salud, se refiere al derecho a la salud como garantía jurídica, la existencia de profesionales comprometidos, el acceso a información, la priorización de este acceso, la disponibilidad de transporte y la existencia de una red de apoyo familiar. La segunda, Dificultades para promover el derecho a la salud, comprende la demanda/búsqueda de servicios/consultas/exámenes mayor a la oferta, el tiempo destinado a actividades de estimulación temprana que tiene una frecuencia de ejecución inferior a la requerida, la inexistencia de un espacio de referencia para atención interprofesional, falta de inclusión escolar, una oferta de transporte insuficiente y barreras para la adquisición de sillas de ruedas, órtesis y prótesis. Conclusiones: la descripción de las facilidades y dificultades para promover el derecho a la salud de los niños con SCZ contribuirá a mejorar el acceso a los servicios y prácticas de salud mediante la creación de una política de salud efectiva frente a la realidad actual, contribuyendo así a una mejor calidad de vida.

Objective: To describe the facilities and difficulties in promoting the right to health of children with Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome (CZS). Materials and methods: Qualitative study carried out in follow-up services for children with CZS in the city of Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil. Semi-structured interviews and systematic observation were used for data collection. Participants were gathered in three groups: Group I (seven caregivers of children with CZS), group II (six health and social services professionals), and Group III (eight health service managers). Thematic content analysis was used for data analysis. Results: Two empirical categories emerged in this research: Facilities for promoting the right to health, which includes the right to health as a legal assurance, the existence of committed professionals, access to information, prioritized access to health services, the availability of transportation, and the existence of a family support network; and Difficulties for promoting the right to health, which concerns a demand/search for services/consultations/exams that is greater than the supply, the time allocated to early stimulation activities and their frequency being lower than necessary, lack of a reference space for interprofessional care, unsatisfactory school inclusion, insufficient transportation supply, and barriers to the purchasing of wheelchairs, orthotics and prostheses. Conclusions: The description of the facilities and difficulties for promoting the right to health of children with CZS could contribute to the access to health services and practices, through an effective health policy to the reality presented, thus fostering a better quality of life for this population.

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BACKGROUND: Little is known about peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) use, appropriateness and device outcomes in Brazil. METHODS: We conducted an observational, prospective, cohort study spanning 16 Brazilian hospitals from October 2018 to August 2020. Patients ≥18 years receiving a PICC were included. PICC placement variables were abstracted from medical records. PICC-related major (deep vein thrombosis (DVT), central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) and catheter occlusion) and minor complications were collected. Appropriateness was evaluated using the Michigan Appropriateness Guide for Intravenous Catheters (MAGIC). Devices were considered inappropriate if they were in place for <5 days, were multi-lumen, and/or were placed in patients with a creatinine >2.0 mg/dL. PICCs considered appropriate met none of these criteria. Mixed-effects logistic regression models adjusting for patient-level and hospital-level characteristics assessed the association between appropriateness and major complications. RESULTS: Data from 12 725 PICCs were included. Mean patient age was 66.4±19 years and 51.0% were female. The most common indications for PICCs were intravenous antibiotics (81.1%) and difficult access (62.7%). Most PICCs (72.2%) were placed under ultrasound guidance. The prevalence of complications was low: CLABSI (0.9%); catheter-related DVT (1.0%) and reversible occlusion (2.5%). Of the 12 725 devices included, a total of 7935 (62.3%) PICCs were inappropriate according to MAGIC. With respect to individual metrics for appropriateness, 17.0% were placed for <5 days, 60.8% were multi-lumen and 11.3% were in patients with creatinine >2.0 mg/dL. After adjusting for patient and hospital-level characteristics, multi-lumen PICCs considered inappropriate were associated with greater odds of major complications (OR 2.54, 95% CI 1.61 to 4.02). CONCLUSIONS: Use of PICCs in Brazilian hospitals appears to be safe and comparable with North America. However, opportunities to improve appropriateness remain. Future studies examining barriers and facilitators to improving device use in Brazil would be welcomed.

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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of a mindfulness-based treatment (MBT) for smoking cessation or reduction and compare it with that of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). METHODS: This was a single-center randomized controlled clinical trial including 113 patients divided into two groups: MBT (n = 54) and CBT (n = 59). The interventions comprised eight 90-min sessions. The primary outcome was smoking cessation at 16 weeks after program initiation. Secondary outcomes included reduction in the mean number of cigarettes smoked/day at 16 weeks after treatment initiation, as well as smoking cessation and reduction in the number of cigarettes smoked/day at the last program session. Participants had to attend ≥ 50% of the sessions to be included in the primary outcome analysis. An intention-to-treat analysis was also performed. RESULTS: There was no difference between the groups regarding the primary outcome (30.4% in the MBT group vs. 31.6% in the CBT group, p = 0.68) or immediate abstinence rates (47.8% in the MBT group vs. 36.8% in the CBT group, p = 0.47). Both treatments were equally effective in reducing the number of cigarettes smoked/day at the last program session (a reduction of 93.33% [0-100%] in the MBT group and of 70% [33.3-100%] in the CBT group, p = 0.92) and at 16 weeks after program initiation (a reduction of 57.1% [0-100%] in the MBT group and of 70% [25-100%] in the CBT group, p = 0.49). CONCLUSIONS: MBT appears to be as effective as CBT for smoking cessation or reduction and can be an option for the treatment of tobacco use disorders in Brazil (Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials identifier: RBR-3w2scz [http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br]).

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Eczema is a skin condition characterized by itchy and inflammatory patches. The accumulation of neutrophils and the imbalance between enzymes and their inhibitors appears to be related to this condition. We proposed a neutrophil elastase (NE)-based eczema model in mice in order to verify histopathological features as well as the expression and activity of proteases and inhibitors. Mice skins were topically administered with human NE (0-2 pmol/cm2) for 24-168 h. It was observed thickening of epidermis, parakeratosis, spongiosis and leukocyte infiltration. Also, NE-treated skins presented high activity of epidermal kallikreins 5 and 7, and cathepsin B on synthetic substrates, and expression evaluated by RT-qPCR. The proteolytic activity was inhibited by soybean trypsin inhibitor, CA074 and Caesalpinia echinata kallikrein inhibitor (CeKI). The topic application of CeKI reversed eczema phenotype in NE-treated skins. Elafin expression was shown to be increased in NE-treated skins. These results suggest that the NE may trigger morphological and biochemical changes in skin similar to those observed in eczematous diseases. In addition to the establishment of this in vivo model, this work opens perspectives for the use of protease inhibitor-based drugs for the management of this skin condition.

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