RESUMO
The microrganisms present in the fishing area and in the food chain entail risk of disease transmission and the transfer of antimicrobial resistance genes among bacteria. The objective of this study was to characterize the antimicrobial resistance of 79 strains of Escherichia coli isolated from 12 marine fish samples, namely (6) snapper Lutjanus purpureus and (6) cavala Scomberomorus cavala), sold at the fair of Mucuripe, in the city of Fortaleza, CE. Strains of E. coli were analyzed for susceptibility (20 antimicrobials) and the plasmid cure was performed. The results suggest that the species mackerel and snapper sold in street markets of the Mucuripe in city of Fortaleza can act as reservoirs of E. coli resistant to penicillins and tetracyclines. The species showed strain of E. coli with multidrug resistance profiles, indicating that the mackerel samples exhibit bacteria resistant to quinolones and fluochinolones (32.8%) while the others indicate high resistance to chloramphenicol (19.0%) and the sulphunamids (23.0%). There was resistance to inhibitors of beta-lactamases used, except for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Furthermore, there was prevalence of potentially multiple chromosomal resistance in the majority of tested antibiotics. The fish species studied can be disseminators of that enterobacteria, and it is important therefore continuous monitoring of fish sold at the fair of Mucuripe (Fortaleza).(AU)
Os micro-organismos presentes nos ambientes de captura de pescados e na cadeia produtiva de alimentos acarretam risco de transmissão de doenças e transferência de genes de resistência a antimicrobianos entre as bactérias. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a resistência antimicrobiana de 79 cepas de Escherichia coli isoladas de 12 amostras de pescado marinho, sendo (6) de pargo Lutjanus purpureus e (6) de cavala Scomberomorus cavala, comercializados na feira livre do Mucuripe, na cidade de Fortaleza, CE. As cepas de E. coli foram analisadas quanto à suscetibilidade (20 antimicrobianos) e foi feita a cura plasmidial. Os resultados sugerem que as espécies de cavala e pargo comercializadas em feiras livres da cidade de Fortaleza podem atuar como reservatórios de E. coli resistentes às penicilinas e tetraciclinas. As espécies estudadas apresentaram cepas de E. coli com perfis de multirresistência, indicando que amostras de cavala apresentam bactérias resistentes a quinolonas e fluoquinolonas (32,8%) enquanto as demais indicaram resistência elevada ao cloranfenicol (19.0%) e a sulfunamidas (23.0%). Houve resistência para os inibidores de betalactamases empregados, exceto para amoxicilina/ácido clavulânico. Além disso, foi constatada a predominância de múltipla resistência potencialmente cromossomial na maioria dos antimicrobianos testados. As espécies de peixe estudadas podem ser disseminadoras dessa mesma enterobactéria, sendo importante, portanto, que ocorra vigilância contínua dos pescados comercializados na feira livre do Mucuripe (Fortaleza). (AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Escherichia coli , Perciformes/parasitologia , Inibidores de beta-Lactamases , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos , Saneamento de Mercados , BrasilRESUMO
The microrganisms present in the fishing area and in the food chain entail risk of disease transmission and the transfer of antimicrobial resistance genes among bacteria. The objective of this study was to characterize the antimicrobial resistance of 79 strains of Escherichia coli isolated from 12 marine fish samples, namely (6) snapper Lutjanus purpureus and (6) cavala Scomberomorus cavala), sold at the fair of Mucuripe, in the city of Fortaleza, CE. Strains of E. coli were analyzed for susceptibility (20 antimicrobials) and the plasmid cure was performed. The results suggest that the species mackerel and snapper sold in street markets of the Mucuripe in city of Fortaleza can act as reservoirs of E. coli resistant to penicillins and tetracyclines. The species showed strain of E. coli with multidrug resistance profiles, indicating that the mackerel samples exhibit bacteria resistant to quinolones and fluochinolones (32.8%) while the others indicate high resistance to chloramphenicol (19.0%) and the sulphunamids (23.0%). There was resistance to inhibitors of beta-lactamases used, except for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Furthermore, there was prevalence of potentially multiple chromosomal resistance in the majority of tested antibiotics. The fish species studied can be disseminators of that enterobacteria, and it is important therefore continuous monitoring of fish sold at the fair of Mucuripe (Fortaleza).
Os micro-organismos presentes nos ambientes de captura de pescados e na cadeia produtiva de alimentos acarretam risco de transmissão de doenças e transferência de genes de resistência a antimicrobianos entre as bactérias. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a resistência antimicrobiana de 79 cepas de Escherichia coli isoladas de 12 amostras de pescado marinho, sendo (6) de pargo Lutjanus purpureus e (6) de cavala Scomberomorus cavala, comercializados na feira livre do Mucuripe, na cidade de Fortaleza, CE. As cepas de E. coli foram analisadas quanto à suscetibilidade (20 antimicrobianos) e foi feita a cura plasmidial. Os resultados sugerem que as espécies de cavala e pargo comercializadas em feiras livres da cidade de Fortaleza podem atuar como reservatórios de E. coli resistentes às penicilinas e tetraciclinas. As espécies estudadas apresentaram cepas de E. coli com perfis de multirresistência, indicando que amostras de cavala apresentam bactérias resistentes a quinolonas e fluoquinolonas (32,8%) enquanto as demais indicaram resistência elevada ao cloranfenicol (19.0%) e a sulfunamidas (23.0%). Houve resistência para os inibidores de betalactamases empregados, exceto para amoxicilina/ácido clavulânico. Além disso, foi constatada a predominância de múltipla resistência potencialmente cromossomial na maioria dos antimicrobianos testados. As espécies de peixe estudadas podem ser disseminadoras dessa mesma enterobactéria, sendo importante, portanto, que ocorra vigilância contínua dos pescados comercializados na feira livre do Mucuripe (Fortaleza).
Assuntos
Animais , Escherichia coli , Inibidores de beta-Lactamases , Perciformes/parasitologia , Brasil , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos , Saneamento de MercadosRESUMO
The following study aimed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains from fresh and frozen oysters Crassostrea rhizophorae sold in Fortaleza-Brazil. An antibiogram was performed on 87 isolates using nine antibiotics: gentamicin (Gen 10 µg), ampicillin (Amp 10 µg), penicillin G (Pen 10U), ciprofloxacin (Cip 5 µg), chloramphenicol (Chl 30 µg), nalidixic acid (Nal 30 µg), tetracycline (Tet 30 µg), vancomycin (Van 30 µg) and erythromycin (Ery 15 µg). All strains were resistant to at least one antibiotic, and 85 (97.7%) were multi-resistant, with predominance of the Van+ Pen+Amp resistance profile (n = 46). Plasmid resistance to Pen, Amp and Ery was detected. Thus, the risk that raw oyster consumption poses to the health of consumers is highlighted, due to the fact that these bivalves may host antibacterial-resistant microorganisms.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Microbiologia de Alimentos , Ostreidae/microbiologia , Frutos do Mar/microbiologia , Vibrio parahaemolyticus/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Brasil , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Vibrio parahaemolyticus/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
The following study aimed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains from fresh and frozen oysters Crassostrea rhizophorae sold in Fortaleza-Brazil. An antibiogram was performed on 87 isolates using nine antibiotics: gentamicin (Gen 10 µg), ampicillin (Amp 10 µg), penicillin G (Pen 10U), ciprofloxacin (Cip 5 µg), chloramphenicol (Chl 30 µg), nalidixic acid (Nal 30 µg), tetracycline (Tet 30 µg), vancomycin (Van 30 µg) and erythromycin (Ery 15 µg). All strains were resistant to at least one antibiotic, and 85 (97.7%) were multi-resistant, with predominance of the Van+ Pen+Amp resistance profile (n = 46). Plasmid resistance to Pen, Amp and Ery was detected. Thus, the risk that raw oyster consumption poses to the health of consumers is highlighted, due to the fact that these bivalves may host antibacterial-resistant microorganisms.
O presente estudo objetivou determinar o perfil de suscetibilidade a antimicrobianos de cepas de Vibrio parahaemolyticus oriundas de ostras “in natura” e congeladas comercializadas em Fortaleza-Brasil. Oitenta e sete (87) cepas foram submetidas ao antibiograma com emprego de nove antibióticos: gentamicina (Gen 10 µg), ampicilina (Amp 10 µg), penicilina G (Pen 10U), ciprofloxacin (Cip 5 µg), cloranfenicol (Clo 30 µg), ácido nalidíxico (Nal 30 µg), tetraciclina (Tet 30 µg), vancomicina (Van 30 µg) e eritromicina (Eri 15 µg). Todas as cepas mostram-se resistentes a pelo menos um antibiótico, e 85 (97,7%) apresentaram multirresistência, com predomínio do perfil Van+ Pen+Amp (n = 46). Foi detectada resistência plasmidial a Pen, Amp e Eri. Dessa forma, o risco que o consumo de ostras cruas representa para a saúde dos consumidores merece ser destacado, uma vez que esses bivalves podem ser veículos de transmissão de micro organismos multirresistentes a fármacos antibacterianos.
Assuntos
Animais , Humanos , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Microbiologia de Alimentos , Ostreidae/microbiologia , Frutos do Mar/microbiologia , Vibrio parahaemolyticus/efeitos dos fármacos , Brasil , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Vibrio parahaemolyticus/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was determined in 100 strains of Vibrio isolated from the Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp and identified phenotypically. A high antibiotic-resistance index (75%) was observed, with the following phenotypic profiles: monoresistance (n = 42), cross-resistance to ß-lactams (n = 20) and multiple resistance (n = 13). Plasmid resistance was characterized for penicillin (n = 11), penicillin + ampicillin (n = 1), penicillin + aztreonam (n = 1), and ampicillin (n = 1). Resistance to antimicrobial drugs by the other strains (n = 86) was possibly mediated by chromosomal genes. The findings of this study support the conclusion that the cultured shrimps can be vehicles of vibrios resistant to ß-lactam and tetracycline.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos/genética , Vibrio/genética , Animais , Crustáceos/genética , Crustáceos/microbiologia , Lactamas/farmacologia , Tetraciclina/farmacologia , Vibrio/efeitos dos fármacos , Vibrio/patogenicidadeRESUMO
The enzymatic characterization of vibrios has been used as a virulence indicator of sanitary interest. The objective of this study was to determine the enzymatic profile of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains (n=70) isolated from Crassostrea rhizophorae oysters. The strains were examined for the presence of gelatinase (GEL), caseinase (CAS), elastase (ELAS), phospholipase (PHOS), lipase (LIP), amilase (AML) and DNase. All enzymes, except elastase, were detected in more than 60
of the strains. The most recurrent enzymatic profiles were AML + DNase + PHOS + GEL + LIP (n=16; 22.9
) and AML + CAS + DNase + PHOS + GEL + LIP (n=21; 30
). Considering the fact that exoenzyme production by vibrios is closely related to virulence, one must be aware of the bacteriological risk posed to human health by the consumption of raw or undercooked oysters.
Assuntos
Crassostrea/microbiologia , Vibrio parahaemolyticus/classificação , Vibrio parahaemolyticus/enzimologia , Animais , Vibrio parahaemolyticus/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The present study aimed to survey the Vibrio microbiota of oysters (Crassostrea rhizophorae) obtained from restaurants in Fortaleza, State of Ceará, Brazil, and to identify virulence factors. METHODS: The isolated vibrios were submitted to biochemical identification and were tested for hemolytic and urease activities. RESULTS: The isolated strains belonged to 13 species, with predominance of Vibrio mimicus. Of the strain isolates only from fresh samples, 20.5% and 2.8% showed hemolytic and urease activities, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the little-publicized claim that Vibrio species other than V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus can represent a health risk to public health.
Assuntos
Microbiologia de Alimentos , Hemólise , Ostreidae/microbiologia , Urease/metabolismo , Vibrio/metabolismo , Animais , Alimentos em Conserva/microbiologia , Vibrio/classificação , Vibrio/isolamento & purificação , Fatores de VirulênciaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The present study aimed to survey the Vibrio microbiota of oysters (Crassostrea rhizophorae) obtained from restaurants in Fortaleza, State of Ceará, Brazil, and to identify virulence factors. METHODS: The isolated vibrios were submitted to biochemical identification and were tested for hemolytic and urease activities. RESULTS: The isolated strains belonged to 13 species, with predominance of Vibrio mimicus. Of the strain isolates only from fresh samples, 20.5% and 2.8% showed hemolytic and urease activities, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the little-publicized claim that Vibrio species other than V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus can represent a health risk to public health.
Assuntos
Animais , Microbiologia de Alimentos , Hemólise , Ostreidae/microbiologia , Urease/metabolismo , Vibrio/metabolismo , Alimentos em Conserva/microbiologia , Fatores de Virulência , Vibrio/classificação , Vibrio/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
The enzymatic characterization of vibrios has been used as a virulence indicator of sanitary interest. The objective of this study was to determine the enzymatic profile of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains (n=70) isolated from Crassostrea rhizophorae oysters. The strains were examined for the presence of gelatinase (GEL), caseinase (CAS), elastase (ELAS), phospholipase (PHOS), lipase (LIP), amilase (AML) and DNase. All enzymes, except elastase, were detected in more than 60% of the strains. The most recurrent enzymatic profiles were AML + DNase + PHOS + GEL + LIP (n=16; 22.9%) and AML + CAS + DNase + PHOS + GEL + LIP (n=21; 30%). Considering the fact that exoenzyme production by vibrios is closely related to virulence, one must be aware of the bacteriological risk posed to human health by the consumption of raw or undercooked oysters.
Assuntos
Crassostrea/microbiologia , Vibrio parahaemolyticus/classificação , Vibrio parahaemolyticus/enzimologia , Animais , Vibrio parahaemolyticus/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
The enzymatic characterization of vibrios has been used as a virulence indicator of sanitary interest. The objective of this study was to determine the enzymatic profile of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains (n=70) isolated from Crassostrea rhizophorae oysters. The strains were examined for the presence of gelatinase (GEL), caseinase (CAS), elastase (ELAS), phospholipase (PHOS), lipase (LIP), amilase (AML) and DNase. All enzymes, except elastase, were detected in more than 60
of the strains. The most recurrent enzymatic profiles were AML + DNase + PHOS + GEL + LIP (n=16; 22.9
) and AML + CAS + DNase + PHOS + GEL + LIP (n=21; 30
). Considering the fact that exoenzyme production by vibrios is closely related to virulence, one must be aware of the bacteriological risk posed to human health by the consumption of raw or undercooked oysters.