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To review current literature and synthesize clinical outcomes related to different low-level laser techniques as a complement to basic periodontal therapy (BPT). Electronic searches were conducted in PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus, and clinical trials published from January 2013 to August 2023 using photobiomodulation as a complement to basic periodontal therapy, with a clear description of the laser technique, were included. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Assessment Checklist. Estimates of interest were calculated using random effects meta-analyses. A total of 947 references were retrieved, and 22 studies were included for qualitative synthesis. Ten studies used intrasulcular laser techniques, with 89% using infrared wavelength, and 12 studies used transgingival techniques, with 61.5% using red wavelength. The frequency of photobiomodulation after BPT ranged from 1 to 9 sessions, with follow-up periods ranging from 5 days to 12 months. Risk of bias was considered low in 16 studies and moderate in six studies. Meta-analysis of 13 studies showed that BPT reduced probing depth at 4-, 12- and 24-weeks post-treatment, and improved clinical level attachment at 6-, 12- and 24-weeks post-treatment. Studies suggest that photobiomodulation may be a valuable complement in the treatment of periodontitis, especially using transgingival application technique.

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PURPOSE: to analyze the knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes of students on noise. METHODS: We used an observational method study, in 32 Schools from Itajaí/Brazil, with a convenience sample, comprising 1,835 students, 45.7% females and 54.3% males, mean age of 11.53 ± 0.8 years, was conducted. The Portuguese version of Dangerous Decibels® questionnaire was applied. For the data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics were used, significance level of 5%. RESULTS: A large part of the sample part of the sample had harmful hearing habits; 62.6% reported knowledge on the subject, but only 25.4% answered the questions on the theme correctly; 58.9% reported that they did not know how to protect hearing if necessary. Regarding sex and age: males have more hazardous hearing habits (p < 0.001) and tinnitus complaint (p<0.001) and females have more knowledge (p < 0.001) and the intent to wear hearing protection (p<0.001), greater intention to wear hearing protection among younger students (10 and 11 years old) (p < 0.001), and the older ones (12 to 16 years old) get more exposed to noise (p < 0.001), and there are more tinnitus complaints (p < 0.05) among them. CONCLUSION: A large part of the students in the study has hazardous noisy habits and scarce knowledge on the theme, with males and older subjects showing the worst attitudes and behaviors in face of the potential hearing risk caused by exposure to high noise levels.

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This article aims to analyze the prevalence of reporting and notification of violence in children and adolescents in the work of clinical health professionals. The search was performed in six electronic databases and the gray literature for studies published until June 1, 2022. Estimates of interest were calculated using random effects meta-analyses. Two reviewers independently evaluated the potentially eligible studies according to the following criteria: cross-sectional studies carried out with health professionals who provided clinical care for children and adolescents and dealt with violence cases. Two reviewers extracted data on included trial characteristics, methods, and outcomes. Expectations of interest were transformed using random effects meta-analyses. The meta-analysis of the prevalence of reports of violence performed with 42 articles was 41%. The notification meta-analysis occurred with 39 articles and was 30%. About one in two health professionals face situations of violence against children and adolescents in their clinical practice (41%), and approximately one in three health professionals report the cases (30%).

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Abstract This article aims to analyze the prevalence of reporting and notification of violence in children and adolescents in the work of clinical health professionals. The search was performed in six electronic databases and the gray literature for studies published until June 1, 2022. Estimates of interest were calculated using random effects meta-analyses. Two reviewers independently evaluated the potentially eligible studies according to the following criteria: cross-sectional studies carried out with health professionals who provided clinical care for children and adolescents and dealt with violence cases. Two reviewers extracted data on included trial characteristics, methods, and outcomes. Expectations of interest were transformed using random effects meta-analyses. The meta-analysis of the prevalence of reports of violence performed with 42 articles was 41%. The notification meta-analysis occurred with 39 articles and was 30%. About one in two health professionals face situations of violence against children and adolescents in their clinical practice (41%), and approximately one in three health professionals report the cases (30%).

Resumo O objetivo do artigo é analisar a prevalência de relato e notificação de violência em crianças e adolescentes no trabalho de profissionais clínicos da saúde. A busca foi realizada em seis bases de dados eletrônicas e na literatura cinzenta para estudos publicados até 1º de junho de 2022. As estimativas de interesse foram calculadas usando meta-análises de efeitos aleatórios. Dois revisores avaliaram de maneira independente os estudos potencialmente elegíveis de acordo com os seguintes critérios: estudos transversais com profissionais da saúde que prestavam atendimentos clínicos voltados a crianças e adolescentes e que se depararam com casos de violência. Dois revisores extraíram dados sobre as características dos estudos incluídos, métodos e resultados. As estimativas de interesse foram calculadas usando meta-análises de efeitos aleatórios. A meta-análise de prevalência de relato de violência realizada com 42 artigos foi de 41%. A meta-análise da notificação ocorreu com 39 artigos e foi de 30%. Aproximadamente um a cada dois profissionais da saúde se deparam com situações de violência contra crianças e adolescentes em sua prática clínica (41%) e cerca de um a cada três profissionais da saúde notificam os casos (30%).

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Introduction Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative diseases. Objective To evaluate the living standard of patients with SCA, by applying the Vestibular Disorders Activities of Daily Living Scale (VADL) and Activitiesspecific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) questionnaires. Methods An uncontrolled clinical trial study was conducted with 28 patients who underwent anamnesis, ENT evaluation, and vestibular assessment and the application of questionnaires VADL and ABC before and after rehabilitation with virtual reality. Results The vestibular exam was altered in 64.3% of the cases. The result between the correlation of the VADL and ABC questionnaires showed significant results in all cases (p < 0.005). The correlation between the ages and disease length with the VADL and ABC questionnaires was significant in the T3 assessment (p = 0.015). The correlation between the disease length and the VADL questionnaire was significant in all cases (p < 0.005). The comparison of the vestibular rehabilitation result (T1 to T2) showed a significant difference for all the applied games, except for the ski slalom. The comparison of the vestibular rehabilitation result (T1 to T3) showed significant difference for all the applied games (p < 0.005) (1st assessment before the start of rehabilitation designated T1, after 10 rehabilitation sessions, considered T2 and, at the end of 20 rehabilitation sessions, called T3). Conclusion We can point out a direct improvement in the living standard, reflected by the reduction of falls, better balance, and march, contributing to a higher self-confidence in patients in daily activities.

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PURPOSE: To systematically review the literature regarding the impact of prematurity on the transition of food consistencies in infants during the introduction of complementary feeding. RESEARCH STRATEGIES: Searches were conducted in the EMBASE, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), LIVIVO, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, Google Scholar; for gray literature, searches were conducted on Open Gray, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses databases, from August 10, 2020, onwards. SELECTION CRITERIA: "PECOS" was selected to determine inclusion criteria: Population (P): Infants; Exposure (E): Prematurity; Comparison (C): Full-term newborns; Outcomes (O): Progression of food consistencies in premature newborns with or without comparison; Study design (S): Cohort study, Case-control; Cross-sectional. DATA ANALYSIS: The methodological quality of the selected observational studies was assessed using the Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (MASTARI). RESULTS: A total of 3,310 articles were found, of which nine were selected for qualitative synthesis. Among the selected studies, a relationship between invasive oral interventions and feeding difficulties was observed for all assessed skills, with feeding difficulties being more frequent in infants with lower gestational age. CONCLUSION: Most studies found no significant relationship between prematurity and difficulties in the progression of food consistencies during the introduction of complementary feeding; only three studies demonstrated such a relationship.

OBJETIVO: Revisar a literatura de maneira sistematizada acerca da relação do impacto da prematuridade na transição das consistências alimentares em lactentes no período de introdução da alimentação complementar. ESTRATÉGIA DE PESQUISA: Foram pesquisados os bancos de dados EMBASE, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), LIVIVO, PubMed/Medline, Scopus e Web of Science e Google Scholar, Open Grey e ProQuest Dissertations & Theses na literatura cinzenta foram pesquisados desde 10/08/2020. CRITÉRIOS DE SELEçÃO: "PECOS": População (P): Lactentes, Exposição (E): Prematuridade, Comparação (C): Recém-nascidos a termo, Desfecho (O): Progressão de consistências alimentares em recém-nascidos prematuros com ou sem comparação, Tipos de estudos (S): Estudo de coorte; Caso-controle; Transversal. ANÁLISE DOS DADOS: A qualidade metodológica dos estudos observacionais selecionados foi avaliada usando a Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (MASTARI). RESULTADOS: Um total de 3.310 artigos foram encontrados, sendo 9 selecionados para a realização da síntese qualitativa. Nos estudos selecionados foi observada a relação entre intervenções orais invasivas e dificuldade alimentar para todas as habilidades avaliadas e quanto menor a idade gestacional, mais frequente são os comportamentos de dificuldades alimentares. CONCLUSÃO: Não foi observada relação entre a prematuridade e dificuldades na progressão das consistências no período da introdução das consistências alimentares na maioria dos estudos, somente três deles demonstraram tal relação.

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PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to delineate the safety zone concerning the anteriorization of the AL and correlate it with the behavior of the AL, analyzing its feasibility. METHODS: Adhering to the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) manual guidelines, both the protocol and this review were conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. MeSH terms, combined with free terms, were utilized to search for articles in the following databases: Embase, LILACS, LIVIVO, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and grey literature. RESULTS: Fifteen articles were select following the eligibility criteria. An average safe zone of 4.75 mm in humans was observed, with a prevalence 60.8% and average anterior length of the AL of 2.09 mm in humans. CONCLUSION: The AL has varied patterns across different populations, then, it could not be asserted a 100% safe zone. Preoperative analysis of the AL with CBCT is always necessary. While it could be stated that a safe zone should be employed as an inviolable region, stipulated measures of a safe zone should be regarded as an area of greater attention in preoperative planning.

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PURPOSE: To determine the relationship between mastication and malnutrition in community-dwelling older adults. RESEARCH STRATEGIES: To establish the eligibility criteria, the acronym PECOS was used: Population: non-institutionalized older adults; Exposure: older adults with malnutrition; Control: older adults without malnutrition; Outcome: masticatory problems in malnourished older adults; Study types: observational studies. SELECTION CRITERIA: It selected studies assessing malnutrition and mastication difficulties in non-institutionalized adults over 60 years old, of both sexes. Mastication and malnutrition were evaluated with questionnaires on self-reported symptoms and clinical and instrumental assessments. There were no restrictions on language, year of publication, or ethnicity. DATA ANALYSIS: The included studies were evaluated for methodological quality with the Joanna Briggs Institute tool for cross-sectional studies. For the cross-sectional studies included, the odds ratio (OR) was calculated with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: After searching the databases, 692 references were retrieved, with three studies selected for quantitative and qualitative analysis. The values obtained in the meta-analysis for association show that malnutrition and mastication difficulties were 2.21 times as likely to occur (OR = 2.21; 95%CI = 0.93 - 5.26; I2 = 94%) as individuals without malnutrition (p < 0.001). The assessment of the risk of bias presented a high-risk, a moderate-risk, and a low-risk study. The certainty of evidence was rated very low with the GRADE tool. CONCLUSION: Individuals at risk of malnutrition are 2.21 times as likely to have mastication difficulties.

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PURPOSE: To review studies that have intervention in reading with impacts on phonological awareness in children with autism spectrum disorder. RESEARCH STRATEGIES: Searches took place until February 2021 in Cochrane, Embase, ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature), PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science and gray literature databases. SELECTION CRITERIA: The review included experimental studies with preschoolers and schoolchildren with ASD. Two independent reviewers selected the studies and, in case of disagreement, a third reviewer was consulted. DATA ANALYSIS: Joanna Briggs Institute checklists were used for risk of bias. A random effects meta-analysis was performed and the certainty of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE tool. RESULTS: Eight studies with some impact on phonological awareness were reviewed. The risk of bias was low and moderate. The certainty of the evidence was low for randomized trials and very low for non-randomised trials. Comparison of pre- and post-therapy on the Preschool Literacy Test (TOPEL) showed that children with ASD improved phonological awareness, with a mean difference between baseline and post-therapy of 6.21 (95% CI = 3.75-8.67; I2 = 0%). CONCLUSION: Shared reading and software activities with words and phrases can alter phonological awareness. These results support further research with larger samples and a detailed description of the intervention to observe its effectiveness in phonological awareness.

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OBJECTIVES: This study aims to determine the association between severe mental disorders and oral health among individuals over 18 years of age. METHODS: An electronic search was conducted in six electronic databases and gray literature. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed on studies that met the inclusion criteria. The methodology of the included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool. A meta-analysis of proportions with a random effect was carried out. The certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE tool. RESULTS: After searching the databases, 5,734 references were retrieved, and twenty articles were selected for synthesis. Considering the DMFT index between the groups with mental disorders and the control group, the values of the DMFT index were higher among individuals with schizophrenia [MD = 5.27; 95% CI = 4.13 - 6.42; I2 = 35%] and bipolar disorder [MD = 1.90; 95% CI = 0.87 - 2.93]. Values were lower among individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder [MD = -0.85; 95% CI = -1.46-0.24]. The risk of bias was considered low for 16 studies, and four were classified with a moderate risk of bias. The certainty of evidence was very low. CONCLUSION: Patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder exhibit increased frequency in the number of decayed, missing, or filled teeth. There was no effect in relation to periodontal probing depth, plaque index, and TMD, but the evidence is still uncertain for this outcome. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: These findings underscore the need for a comprehensive health approach.

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Occlusal stabilization splints are the most common treatment for controlling the deleterious effects of sleep bruxism. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a low-cost, mixed occlusal splint (MOS) compared to that of a rigid splint. A randomized clinical trial was performed on 43 adults of both sexes with possible sleep bruxism and satisfactory dental conditions. They were divided into rigid occlusal splint (ROS) (n = 23) and MOS (n = 20) groups. Masticatory muscle and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain intensity (visual analog scale), quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF), indentations in the oral mucosa, anxiety, and depression (HADS), number of days of splint use, and splint wear were evaluated. All variables were evaluated at baseline (T0), 6 months (T6), and 12 months (T12) after splint installation (T0), and splint wear was evaluated at T6 and T12. Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, non-parametric Friedman's analysis of variance for paired samples and pairwise multiple comparisons, Pearson's chi-square test, two-proportion z-test, non-parametric McNemar's and Cochran's Q, and Wilcoxon tests were used (p < 0.05). In both groups, there was a decrease in TMJ pain and pain intensity over time and improvements in the quality of life scores. At T6, there was a higher rate of splint wear in the MOS group than in the ROS group (p = 0.023). The MOS showed a higher rate of wear than the rigid splint but had similar results for the other variables. Therefore, the use of a mixed splint appears to be effective in controlling the signs and symptoms of sleep bruxism.

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Systemic diseases affecting the immune system can influence the body's response time to endodontic treatment, potentially necessitating a longer duration for the complete resolution of existing infections when compared to healthy controls. This systematic review aims to evaluate the association between the presence of chronic diseases and periapical status after endodontic treatment through a systematic and comprehensive assessment of existing literature on this topic. The search strategy covered seven electronic databases and grey literature, encompassing articles published until October 2023. Two reviewers independently assessed potentially eligible studies based on the following criteria: Included were studies involving populations exposed to pre-existing chronic diseases who underwent endodontic treatment in permanent teeth. These studies evaluated periapical health status, making comparisons with healthy individuals. There were no language or publication date restrictions. Additionally, two reviewers independently extracted data regarding the characteristics of the included studies. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Assessment Checklist. Meta-analysis was conducted using random effects models. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE tool. Twenty-three studies were included in the synthesis. Patients with diabetes were found to have about half the odds of having periapical health compared to non-diabetic patients (OR = 0.46; 95% CI = 0.30-0.70%; I2 = 58%) in teeth that underwent endodontic treatment. On the other hand, other systemic diseases like HIV, cardiovascular disease, and rheumatoid arthritis did not demonstrate significant differences concerning the outcome. In conclusion, diabetic patients showed a lower likelihood of maintaining periapical health. Conversely, patients with HIV, cardiovascular disease, and rheumatoid arthritis did not exhibit significant differences, although the existing evidence is still considered limited. It is crucial to manage these patients in a multidisciplinary manner to provide appropriate care for this population.

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PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to map the strategies used in hearing health education with military personnel during the Hearing Preservation Program (HPP). METHOD: This study is a scoping review, with electronic searches conducted in online databases and gray literature: Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, ASHAWire, Google Scholar, and ProQuest Dissertation & Theses. Only studies describing, analyzing, or evaluating the application of the HPP to active duty or training military personnel were included. RESULTS: A total of 3,478 references were retrieved, and 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. The strategies were classified into five categories: focus group aimed at exploring knowledge and perceptions regarding hearing health (five studies), training on the proper fitting of hearing protection devices (four studies), the utilization of audiovisual materials (seven studies), questionnaires administrated before and after educational intervention (five studies), and feedback survey concerning the implemented hearing health education (three studies). CONCLUSION: There are five strategies that aimed at assessing knowledge and attitudes, improving hearing health education, facilitating information access, and evaluating the applied actions. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25219589.

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Chloroquine and its analog hydroxychloroquine are derivatives of 4-aminoquinoline and are regularly used in the treatment of malaria and autoimmune diseases. Among the side effects of these drugs, alterations associated with the auditory system are frequently mentioned. Thus, the aim of this systematic review is to systematically review publications on hearing disorders and chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine use. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Inclusion criteria were observational or interventional studies on audiological assessment in participants who were using chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine. The methodological quality was independently assessed by two reviewers using the Meta-Analysis of Statistics: assessment and review Instrument. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE tool. RESULTS: A total of 1,372 non-duplicate papers were screened, out of which 17 were included in the final qualitative synthesis, and 5 studies in the meta-analysis. The odds ratio for the two subgroups evaluated did not show significance with no heterogeneity between the effects observed between the different diseases (I2=0%) and obtaining the global estimate of 0.76 (95% confidence interval [CI]=0.41-1.39; p>0.05). Despite the inclusion of papers with different disease samples, the heterogeneity observed in the analysis was low (I2= 0%) and prediction interval (95% PI=0.32-1.80; p>0.05) remained close to that estimated by the CI (95% CI=0.41-1.39; p>0.05). The certainty of the evidence assessed by the GRADE tool was considered very low due to the risk of bias, indirect evidence, and imprecision. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that the use of chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine is not associated with hearing disorders.

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O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a usabilidade e a utilidade do aplicativo (app) Dental Trauma, disponível gratuitamente e em português nas lojas App Store e Play Store. Participaram do estudo estudantes de Odontologia e Cirurgiões-dentistas (CDs) (n =20). Utilizou-se o teste de Escala de Usabilidade do Sistema (System Usability Scale-SUS) para análise da usabilidade e o teste de Aceitação de Tecnologia (Technology Acceptance Model-TAM) adaptado ao contexto da pesquisa para a análise da utilidade. Foi aplicado o teste de Mann-Whitney para comparar o escore SUS entre estudantes e CDs e o teste de Spearman para correlacionar as questões da utilidade. A pontuação SUS no percentil 50 foi de 83,75. Valores acima de 68 são classificados como aceitáveis. O teste de Mann-Whitney não evidenciou diferença significativa na pontuação SUS ao analisar separadamente CDs e estudantes de Odontologia (p = 0,442). O app foi amplamente avaliado como útil (95% a 100%), sendo observadas correlações robustas, positivas e significas entre as respostas para cada questão. O app não contempla traumatismos em dentes decíduos, sendo uma oportunidade de atualização ou desenvolvimento de outros apps. O app Dental Trauma atendeu aos requisitos de usabilidade e utilidade, alcançando resultados classificados como "excelente". Os usuáriosreconheceram se tratar de uma tecnologia útil que pode auxiliar o profissional no diagnóstico e conduta e na compreensão dos conceitos relacionados ao traumatismo dentário (AU).

El objetivo de este estudio fue aplicar pruebas de usabilidad y utilidad a la aplicación (app) Dental Trauma, disponible de forma gratuita en portugués en App Store y Play Store. Participaron en el estudio estudiantes de odontología y Odontólogos(n = 20). Se utilizó la Escala de Usabilidad del Sistema (System Usability Scale-SUS) para el análisis de usabilidad y el Modelo de Aceptación de Tecnología (TAM), adaptado al contexto de la investigación, para el análisis de utilidad. Se aplicó la prueba de Mann-Whitney para comparar los puntajes SUS entre estudiantes y dentistas, y la prueba de Spearman para correlacionar preguntas de utilidad. El puntaje SUS en el percentil 50 fue de 83,75. Los puntajes por encima de 68 se clasifican como aceptables. La prueba de Mann-Whitney no mostró una diferencia significativa en el puntaje SUS al analizar por separado a los Odontólogosy estudiantes de odontología (p = 0,442). La aplicación fue ampliamente evaluada como útil (95% a 100%), observándose correlaciones robustas, positivas y significativas entre las respuestas a cada pregunta. Sin embargo, no aborda traumas en dientes deciduos, lo que representa una oportunidad para actualizar o desarrollar otras aplicaciones. La app Dental Trauma cumplió con los requisitos de usabilidad y utilidad, logrando resultados calificados como "excelentes". Los usuarios reconocieron que se trata de una tecnología útil que puede ayudar a los profesionales en el diagnóstico y manejo y en la comprensión de conceptos relacionados con el traumatismo dental (AU).

This study aimed to apply usability and utility tests to the Dental Trauma application (app), available for free in Portuguese on the App Store and Play Store. Students and dentists participated in the study (n = 20). The System Usability Scale (SUS) test was used for usability analysis, and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) test, adapted to the dental trauma context, was used for utility analysis. The Mann-Whitney test was applied to compare SUS scores between students and dentists, and the Spearman test was used to correlate utility questions. The SUS score at the 50th percentile was 83.75. Scores above 68 are classified as acceptable. The Mann-Whitney test did not show a significant difference in the SUS score when analyzing dentists and dental students separately (p = 0.442). The app was widely evaluated as useful (95% to 100%), with robust, positive, and significant correlations observed between responses to each question. However, it does not cover traumas in deciduous teeth, presenting an opportunity for updating or developing other apps. The Dental Trauma app fulfilled both usability and usefulness criteria, garnering an "excellent" rating in its outcomes. Users acknowledged its utility as a valuable technological tool aiding professionals in diagnosis, management, and comprehension of dental trauma-related concepts (AU).

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Individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) may have cognitive, sensitive, behavioral, communicative, and convulsive disorders. Because defensive reflexes are reduced by CP, the risk of orofacial trauma is greater in these individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of orofacial injuries resulting from trauma in patients with CP. This review was reported according to preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) and registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO-CRD42022293570). The search was performed for articles published until January 2023 in Embase, Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Gray literature was also consulted through Google Scholar, OpenGrey, ProQuest Dissertations, and Theses. Studies in which orofacial injuries due to trauma were prevalent in individuals with CP were included. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool. Additionally, a random-effects meta-analysis was conducted. Twelve studies were included in the synthesis, of which nine presented a low risk of bias and three presented a moderate risk. When considering the general prevalence of orofacial injuries in patients with CP, a prevalence of 34% [95% CI = 18%-52%; I2 = 98%] was observed, with enamel and dentin fractures being the most common orofacial injuries. Approximately one in three patients with CP showed at least one type of orofacial injury involving dental trauma. There is a lack of literature assessing the prevalence of these traumas in soft tissues and the evidence for this outcome remains uncertain.

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To determine the global prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) in adults. Six electronic databases (Embase, LILACS, LIVIVO, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched, in addition to gray literature (ASHA, Google Scholar, ProQuest Dissertation, and Theses). A random-effects model for meta-analysis of proportions was conducted, and heterogeneity was evaluated according to the moderator variable through subgroup analysis and meta-regression. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist and the certainty of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE tool. Thirty papers were included for qualitative and quantitative synthesis. The combined prevalence estimate was 60% [CI 95% = 50%-70%; I2 = 95%], accounting for different baseline conditions. However, the wide variation that exists between the different baseline conditions (underlying disease or risk factor) tended to overestimate this prevalence when considering the general population. Only one study evaluated healthy individuals, which showed a prevalence of 31% [CI95% = 27%-36%]. The risk of bias was considered low for all studies. None of the variables were considered predictors for the observed variance between the effect sizes of the included studies. For the prevalence of OD, the GRADE rating was considered very low. Despite the high prevalence observed, with over half of the individuals affected, the evidence regarding this outcome remains uncertain due to an overestimation of the generated estimates caused by the baseline condition of the sample.

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OBJECTIVE: The present systematic review aims to assess the impact of the COVID19 pandemic on the sleep quality of students. METHODS: An electronic search was performed in the databases and in gray literature for articles published up to January 2022. The results included observational studies that assessed sleep quality through validated questionnaires, comparing moments pre and postCOVID19 pandemic. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Assessment Checklist. The Grading of Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to assess the certainty of scientific evidence. Estimates of interest were calculated using random effects meta-analyses and possible confounding factors were meta-regressed. RESULTS: Eighteen studies were considered for qualitative synthesis and thirteen were considered for meta-analysis. Considering the comparison of means obtained by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, there was an increase in the scores obtained during the pandemic period [MD = -0.39; 95% CI = -0.72 - -0.07; I2 = 88.31%], thus evidencing a slight worsening in the sleep quality of these individuals. Risk of bias was considered low in nine studies, moderate in eight studies, and high in one study. The unemployment rate (%) in the country of origin of each included study partially explained the heterogeneity of analysis. GRADE analysis showed a very low certainty of scientific evidence. CONCLUSION: The COVID-19 pandemic may have a slight negative impact on the sleep quality of high school and college students, but the evidence is still uncertain. The socioeconomic reality must be considered when evaluating this outcome.

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Abstract Occlusal stabilization splints are the most common treatment for controlling the deleterious effects of sleep bruxism. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a low-cost, mixed occlusal splint (MOS) compared to that of a rigid splint. A randomized clinical trial was performed on 43 adults of both sexes with possible sleep bruxism and satisfactory dental conditions. They were divided into rigid occlusal splint (ROS) (n = 23) and MOS (n = 20) groups. Masticatory muscle and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain intensity (visual analog scale), quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF), indentations in the oral mucosa, anxiety, and depression (HADS), number of days of splint use, and splint wear were evaluated. All variables were evaluated at baseline (T0), 6 months (T6), and 12 months (T12) after splint installation (T0), and splint wear was evaluated at T6 and T12. Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, non-parametric Friedman's analysis of variance for paired samples and pairwise multiple comparisons, Pearson's chi-square test, two-proportion z-test, non-parametric McNemar's and Cochran's Q, and Wilcoxon tests were used (p < 0.05). In both groups, there was a decrease in TMJ pain and pain intensity over time and improvements in the quality of life scores. At T6, there was a higher rate of splint wear in the MOS group than in the ROS group (p = 0.023). The MOS showed a higher rate of wear than the rigid splint but had similar results for the other variables. Therefore, the use of a mixed splint appears to be effective in controlling the signs and symptoms of sleep bruxism.