RESUMO
Tilapias are produced worldwide, including subtropical areas. In turn, dietary fatty acids can enhance resistance under cold stress. The present study reports the nutritional effect on suboptimal temperature tolerance based on histopathological alterations in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish (initial weight: 34.02⯱â¯0.79) were exposed to two different temperatures (20⯰C and 30⯰C) for 30 days. Under both conditions, fish were fed two different diets based on the linoleic/α-linolenic ratio (n6/n3â¯=â¯12.02 and n6/n3â¯=â¯3.85). The most important alterations in liver caused by temperature included high cellular hyperplasia in fish at 30⯰C (Pâ¯<â¯0.05). Suboptimal temperature also caused gills aneurysm, lamellar lifting and low hyperplasia (Pâ¯<â¯0.05). Cytoplasmic vacuolization decreased and nuclear displacement increased in the fish fed n6/n3â¯=â¯3.85 (Pâ¯<â¯0.05). Suboptimal temperature provided high gills aneurysm, epithelial lamellae lifting and low lamellar hyperplasia (Pâ¯<â¯0.05). Conversely, the fatty acid content (n6/n3â¯=â¯3.85) in the diet provided low lamellar lifting and fusions (Pâ¯<â¯0.05). Finally, tilapia showed an increased glycogen storage trend in gills and muscle at low temperature (Pâ¯<â¯0.05). Our study suggests that when feeding tilapia a high dietary n3 content, this fish is able to respond to suboptimal temperature in subtropical aquaculture facilities.
Assuntos
Ácido Linoleico/farmacologia , Estresse Fisiológico/efeitos dos fármacos , Temperatura , Ácido alfa-Linolênico/farmacologia , Ração Animal , Animais , Dieta/veterinária , Brânquias/efeitos dos fármacos , Brânquias/metabolismo , Brânquias/patologia , Glicogênio/metabolismo , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/patologia , Masculino , Músculos/metabolismo , Tilápia/metabolismoRESUMO
In the semiarid region of Brazil, in areas with vegetation composed mainly of Poincianella pyramidalis, several cases of congenital malformation and reproductive losses were observed in goats and sheep from 2012 to 2014. To determine the teratogenic effect of P. pyramidalis, two groups of eight goats each were used. Goats from Group 1 received fresh P. pyramidalis, harvested daily, as the only roughage during the whole breeding and pregnancy period. Goats in Group 2 (control) received Cynodon dactylon (tifton) hay free choice. Ultrasound examination for pregnancy diagnosis was performed every 28 days. Four goats from Group 1 were pregnant on day 28 but not on day 56, suggesting embryonic death or abortion. Another goat from Group 1 died at day 70 of pregnancy, and the fetuses exhibited micrognathia. The other three goats bore six kids, three of which showed bone malformations in the limbs, spine, ribs, sternum, and head, including arthrogryposis, scoliosis and micrognathia. One kid also showed hypoplasia of the left pulmonary lobes. In the control group, all goats bore a total of 13 kids and none of them exhibited malformations. These results demonstrated that P. pyramidalis causes congenital malformations and other reproductive losses in goats.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Induzidas por Medicamentos/veterinária , Aborto Animal/induzido quimicamente , Caesalpinia/toxicidade , Reabsorção do Feto/veterinária , Doenças das Cabras/induzido quimicamente , Doenças das Cabras/etiologia , Intoxicação por Plantas/veterinária , Complicações na Gravidez/veterinária , Animais , Artrogripose/induzido quimicamente , Artrogripose/veterinária , Brasil , Cynodon , Feminino , Reabsorção do Feto/induzido quimicamente , Doenças das Cabras/fisiopatologia , Cabras , Micrognatismo/induzido quimicamente , Micrognatismo/veterinária , Componentes Aéreos da Planta/toxicidade , Intoxicação por Plantas/fisiopatologia , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez/fisiopatologia , Escoliose/induzido quimicamente , Escoliose/veterináriaRESUMO
This paper reports the etiological, epidemiological, clinic, and pathological features of an outbreak of incoordination observed after vaccination against foot and mouth disease (FMD) in cattle in the states of Paraíba and Pernambuco. The signs of incoordination were observed approximately 45 days after vaccination that was applied in the toracic and lumbar region. A lump was found in the local of the vaccination.Twenty-four animals showed this signs, six in Paraíba and 18 in Pernambuco. Six animals died and four were euthanized. At necropsy exam were observed abscedative myositis with yellow irregular areas to multifocal coalescing a white liquid in the left muscle Longissimus lumborum (two animals) and yellowish firm mass compressing the spinal cord between vertebrae T11 and T12 (one animal) and L3 and L5 vertebrae (one animal). The myositis and the pyogranulomatous paquimeningitis were characterized by multifocal to coalescing areas showing clear spherical spaces of various sizes centrally located corresponding to the oil adjuvant of FMD vaccine removed by histologic processing. It has been determined the diagnosis of spinal cord compression secondary to vaccine granuloma.
Relatam-se aspectos etiológicos, epidemiológicos, clínicos e patológicos de surtos de incoordenação motora observados após vacinação contra febre aftosa em bovinos nos estados da Paraíba e de Pernambuco. Os sinais de incoordenação motora foram observados em torno de 45 dias após a vacinação, realizada por via intramuscular nas regiões torácica e lombar e no local da aplicação havia aumento de volume. Um total de 24 animais foi acometido, sendo 6 no estado da Paraíba e 18 no estado de Pernambuco. Seis animais morreram e quatro foram eutanasiados. Nos animais eutanasiados, constataram-se miosite abscedativa com a presença de áreas amareladas irregulares multifocais a coalescentes com líquido esbranquiçado e leitoso na região do músculo Longissimus lumborum esquerdo (dois animais) e massa amarelada firme que comprimia a medula espinhal entre as vértebras T11 e T12 (um animal) e entre as vértebras L3 e L5 (um animal). Ao exame histológico, havia miosite e paquimeningite piogranulomatosa com áreas multifocais a coalescentes, contendo espaços claros e esféricos centrais de tamanhos variados que correspondem ao adjuvante lipídico da vacina da febre aftosa, removido o processamento para a histologia. Determinou-se o diagnóstico de lesão medular secundária à compressão por granuloma vacinal.
RESUMO
This paper reports the etiological, epidemiological, clinic, and pathological features of an outbreak of incoordination observed after vaccination against foot and mouth disease (FMD) in cattle in the states of Paraíba and Pernambuco. The signs of incoordination were observed approximately 45 days after vaccination that was applied in the toracic and lumbar region. A lump was found in the local of the vaccination.Twenty-four animals showed this signs, six in Paraíba and 18 in Pernambuco. Six animals died and four were euthanized. At necropsy exam were observed abscedative myositis with yellow irregular areas to multifocal coalescing a white liquid in the left muscle Longissimus lumborum (two animals) and yellowish firm mass compressing the spinal cord between vertebrae T11 and T12 (one animal) and L3 and L5 vertebrae (one animal). The myositis and the pyogranulomatous paquimeningitis were characterized by multifocal to coalescing areas showing clear spherical spaces of various sizes centrally located corresponding to the oil adjuvant of FMD vaccine removed by histologic processing. It has been determined the diagnosis of spinal cord compression secondary to vaccine granuloma.
Relatam-se aspectos etiológicos, epidemiológicos, clínicos e patológicos de surtos de incoordenação motora observados após vacinação contra febre aftosa em bovinos nos estados da Paraíba e de Pernambuco. Os sinais de incoordenação motora foram observados em torno de 45 dias após a vacinação, realizada por via intramuscular nas regiões torácica e lombar e no local da aplicação havia aumento de volume. Um total de 24 animais foi acometido, sendo 6 no estado da Paraíba e 18 no estado de Pernambuco. Seis animais morreram e quatro foram eutanasiados. Nos animais eutanasiados, constataram-se miosite abscedativa com a presença de áreas amareladas irregulares multifocais a coalescentes com líquido esbranquiçado e leitoso na região do músculo Longissimus lumborum esquerdo (dois animais) e massa amarelada firme que comprimia a medula espinhal entre as vértebras T11 e T12 (um animal) e entre as vértebras L3 e L5 (um animal). Ao exame histológico, havia miosite e paquimeningite piogranulomatosa com áreas multifocais a coalescentes, contendo espaços claros e esféricos centrais de tamanhos variados que correspondem ao adjuvante lipídico da vacina da febre aftosa, removido o processamento para a histologia. Determinou-se o diagnóstico de lesão medular secundária à compressão por granuloma vacinal.
RESUMO
Pulmonary choristoma is a rare malformation reported in different animal species defined as a mass of normal histological pulmonary tissue in an abnormal location. A case of pulmonary choristoma and meningocele is reported in a calf that presented a fluctuating subcutaneous fluid containing mass, measuring 15 x 15 x 20cm in the skull frontal region. The skin covering the sac was surgically removed. Macroscopically, subcutaneous nodules up to 2cm in diameter with irregular whitish areas mixed with red areas were observed. In the histological examination, pulmonary lobules tissue composed by alveoli, bronchi, bronchioles and cartilage were observed. Dilated blood vessels and hemorrhages were present between the lobules. In this case the pulmonary choristoma was associated with meningocele, and probably was the mechanical cause for the failure of the skull closure.
Coristoma pulmonar é uma malformação rara, reportada em diferentes espécies animais. Este trabalho descreve um caso de coristoma pulmonar associado à meningocele em uma bezerra. O animal apresentava uma massa flutuante contendo transudato e medindo 15 x 15 x 20cm na região frontal do crânio. A pele que formava o saco cheio de líquido foi removida cirurgicamente. Por baixo da pele observavam-se nódulos subcutâneos de até 2cm, irregulares e com áreas esbranquiçadas entremeadas com áreas vermelhas. Na microscopia, observaram-se lóbulos de tecido pulmonar compostos por alvéolos, bronquíolos, brônquios e cartilagem. Nesse caso, o coristoma pulmonar estava associado à meningocele, e provavelmente foi a causa mecânica do não fechamento do crânio.
RESUMO
Pulmonary choristoma is a rare malformation reported in different animal species defined as a mass of normal histological pulmonary tissue in an abnormal location. A case of pulmonary choristoma and meningocele is reported in a calf that presented a fluctuating subcutaneous fluid containing mass, measuring 15 x 15 x 20cm in the skull frontal region. The skin covering the sac was surgically removed. Macroscopically, subcutaneous nodules up to 2cm in diameter with irregular whitish areas mixed with red areas were observed. In the histological examination, pulmonary lobules tissue composed by alveoli, bronchi, bronchioles and cartilage were observed. Dilated blood vessels and hemorrhages were present between the lobules. In this case the pulmonary choristoma was associated with meningocele, and probably was the mechanical cause for the failure of the skull closure.
Coristoma pulmonar é uma malformação rara, reportada em diferentes espécies animais. Este trabalho descreve um caso de coristoma pulmonar associado à meningocele em uma bezerra. O animal apresentava uma massa flutuante contendo transudato e medindo 15 x 15 x 20cm na região frontal do crânio. A pele que formava o saco cheio de líquido foi removida cirurgicamente. Por baixo da pele observavam-se nódulos subcutâneos de até 2cm, irregulares e com áreas esbranquiçadas entremeadas com áreas vermelhas. Na microscopia, observaram-se lóbulos de tecido pulmonar compostos por alvéolos, bronquíolos, brônquios e cartilagem. Nesse caso, o coristoma pulmonar estava associado à meningocele, e provavelmente foi a causa mecânica do não fechamento do crânio.