RESUMO
The aim of this study was to describe the occurrence of dental emergency and its association with individual factors and primary health care services. A follow-up study was conducted with data extracted from an exploratory study about the classification of dental care needs over time according to a care framework. There were included 1831 patients of five services. The outcome was the occurrence of dental emergency analyzed according to sex, age, skin color, service and maximum waiting time for dental care. A multivariate analysis with Poisson regression was used to estimate weighted prevalence ratio (PR) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) and survival analysis was conducted. The prevalence of dental emergency was 12.6%, varying according to age (13-19: PRa =1.79 (95%CI: 1.0-3.21); 20-65:PRa = 2.71 (95%CI: 1.73-4.26); Over 65: PRa = 2.51 (95%CI: 1.41-4.46)) and Primary Health Care service (FHS 2: PRa = 2.20 (95%CI: 1.37-3.53),FHS 3: PRa = 1.43 (95%CI: 0.90-2.27); FHS 4: PRa = 3.25 (95%CI: 2.15-4.92),FHS 5: PRa = 2.49 (95%CI: 1.56-3.97)) For 231 cases classified as emergency, the failure rate was 7.4%. For 214 cases of emergency, the non-continuity after appointment rate was 53.7%. The incidence of dental emergency was 8.3% and recurrence was 7.2%. Considering all 262 emergency cases attended, the resolution rate was 93.5% and most cases (n = 252, 96.1%) received care within one day. The results point to high effectiveness in emergency dental care within Primary Health Care services. There are indications of the need for improvements in retention and continuity of care.
Assuntos
Assistência Odontológica , Emergências , Saúde Bucal , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Humanos , Agendamento de Consultas , Seguimentos , Prevalência , Serviços de Saúde BucalRESUMO
Com o advento da Pandemia COVID-19 temos vivenciado as problemáticas econômicas, sociais e sanitárias de modo acentuado, e nesse sentido, emerge o desafio de enfrentamento e superação de tais questões. No campo social, destacamos a educação e a importância de compreender o impacto da irrupção causada pelo distanciamento social, pausa no ensino e em muitas aprendizagens nos processos formativos dos estudantes, envolvendo diferentes níveis e modalidades da educação. Diante da complexidade destes níveis e modalidades, este texto pretende abordar um dos eixos educacionais: o eixo da formação universitária e, em especial, aquele que diz respeito ao campo da Educação Física e os impactos da pandemia. A condução textual seguirá a lógica de uma breve reflexão sobre o impacto da pandemia na formação universitária em geral; em seguida abordaremos tal impacto no campo da Educação Física, com a inclusão de uma pesquisa e seus desdobramentos; e, por fim; as conclusões provisórias.
With the advent of the COVID-19 Pandemic, we have experienced economic, social and health problems in a marked way, and in this sense, the challenge of facing and overcoming such issues emerges. In the social field, we highlight education and the importance of understanding the impact of the outbreak caused by social distancing, pauses in teaching and in many learning processes in the formative processes of students, involving different levels and modalities of education. Given the complexity of these levels and modalities, this text intends to address one of the educational axes: the axis of university education and, in particular, the one that concerns the field of Physical Education and the impacts of the pandemic. The textual conduction will follow the logic of a brief reflection on the impact of the pandemic on university education in general; then we will approach such impact in the field of Physical Education, with the inclusion of a research and its consequences; and finally; the provisional conclusions.
Con el advenimiento de la Pandemia del COVID-19, hemos vivido problemas económicos, sociales y de salud, y en ese sentido surge el desafío de enfrentar y superar tales problemas. En el ámbito social, destacamos la educación y la importancia de comprender el impacto del brote provocado por el distanciamiento social, las pausas en la enseñanza y en muchos procesos de aprendizaje en los procesos formativos de los estudiantes, involucrando diferentes niveles y modalidades de educación. Dada la complejidad de estos niveles y modalidades, este texto pretende abordar uno de los ejes educativos: el eje de la formación universitaria y, en particular, lo que concierne al campo de la Educación Física y los impactos de la pandemia. La conducción textual seguirá la lógica de una breve reflexión sobre el impacto de la pandemia en la educación universitaria en general; luego abordaremos tal impacto en el campo de la Educación Física, con la inclusión de una investigación y sus consecuencias; y por fin; las conclusiones provisionales.
RESUMO
Abstract The aim of this study was to describe the occurrence of dental emergency and its association with individual factors and primary health care services. A follow-up study was conducted with data extracted from an exploratory study about the classification of dental care needs over time according to a care framework. There were included 1831 patients of five services. The outcome was the occurrence of dental emergency analyzed according to sex, age, skin color, service and maximum waiting time for dental care. A multivariate analysis with Poisson regression was used to estimate weighted prevalence ratio (PR) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) and survival analysis was conducted. The prevalence of dental emergency was 12.6%, varying according to age (13-19: PRa =1.79 (95%CI: 1.0-3.21); 20-65:PRa = 2.71 (95%CI: 1.73-4.26); Over 65: PRa = 2.51 (95%CI: 1.41-4.46)) and Primary Health Care service (FHS 2: PRa = 2.20 (95%CI: 1.37-3.53),FHS 3: PRa = 1.43 (95%CI: 0.90-2.27); FHS 4: PRa = 3.25 (95%CI: 2.15-4.92),FHS 5: PRa = 2.49 (95%CI: 1.56-3.97)) For 231 cases classified as emergency, the failure rate was 7.4%. For 214 cases of emergency, the non-continuity after appointment rate was 53.7%. The incidence of dental emergency was 8.3% and recurrence was 7.2%. Considering all 262 emergency cases attended, the resolution rate was 93.5% and most cases (n = 252, 96.1%) received care within one day. The results point to high effectiveness in emergency dental care within Primary Health Care services. There are indications of the need for improvements in retention and continuity of care.
RESUMO
The objective of this study was to demonstrate face validity with a novel resource allocation framework designed to maximize equity into dental booking systems. The study was carried out in 2014. Eleven experts in primary dental care practice in Southern Brazil participated, using a three-round consensus group technique. First, the experts reached consensus on the items to be included in a 5-level diagnostic scale. They identified 21 clinical conditions and categorized them according to the oral health intervention required. Then, they described workload and activity standards for dental staff to carry out health promotion, oral disease prevention, dental treatment, dental rehabilitation, and urgent dental care. Finally, they agreed upon a set of wait times for primary dental care, establishing maximum waits from 2 to 365 days, according to the diagnostic classification. The framework demonstrated potential ability to promote more equitable access to primary dental services, since equal diagnostic classifications share the same waiting times for the dental care they require.
Assuntos
Assistência Odontológica , Saúde Bucal , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Brasil , Promoção da Saúde , HumanosRESUMO
Abstract The objective of this study was to demonstrate face validity with a novel resource allocation framework designed to maximize equity into dental booking systems. The study was carried out in 2014. Eleven experts in primary dental care practice in Southern Brazil participated, using a three-round consensus group technique. First, the experts reached consensus on the items to be included in a 5-level diagnostic scale. They identified 21 clinical conditions and categorized them according to the oral health intervention required. Then, they described workload and activity standards for dental staff to carry out health promotion, oral disease prevention, dental treatment, dental rehabilitation, and urgent dental care. Finally, they agreed upon a set of wait times for primary dental care, establishing maximum waits from 2 to 365 days, according to the diagnostic classification. The framework demonstrated potential ability to promote more equitable access to primary dental services, since equal diagnostic classifications share the same waiting times for the dental care they require.
Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi demonstrar validade de face com uma nova matriz destinada a maximizar a equidade nos sistemas de agendamento odontológico. O estudo foi realizado em 2014, no qual participaram 11 dentistas com experiência de trabalho na rede básica de saúde da região sul do Brasil, utilizando a técnica de grupo de consenso em três rodadas de discussão. Primeiro, os participantes chegaram ao consenso quanto aos itens que deveriam estar presentes em uma escala de classificação diagnóstica de 5 níveis. Identificaram 21 condições clínicas de saúde bucal e as categorizaram conforme a intervenção necessária. A seguir, os participantes descreveram as cargas de trabalho e os padrões de atividade recomendados para a equipe odontológica realizar promoção da saúde, prevenção de doenças bucais, tratamento odontológico, reabilitação dentária, e atendimento odontológico de urgência. Por último, os dentistas chegaram ao consenso sobre tempos máximos de espera para atendimento odontológico na rede básica, estabelecendo prazos de 2 até 365 dias conforme a classificação diagnóstica atribuída. Este estudo demonstrou o potencial da matriz de alocação de recursos para promover acesso mais equitativo aos serviços odontológicos da rede básica, uma vez que classificações diagnósticas iguais compartilham os mesmos prazos de espera para o atendimento odontológico requerido.
Assuntos
Humanos , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Saúde Bucal , Assistência Odontológica , Brasil , Promoção da SaúdeRESUMO
O livro "Ação Comunitária pela Saúde em Porto Alegre" traz os resultados de uma pesquisa participativa dedicada a um tema pouco estudado: os mecanismos de mobilização popular/participação social. Com a intenção de resgatar, divulgar e compartilhar histórias que possam contribuir para uma melhor compreensão da dinâmica da mobilização popular direcionada às questões de saúde, são apresentados alguns episódios de participação social vividos em Porto Alegre, nas últimas décadas, em diferentes regiões da cidade.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Saúde PúblicaRESUMO
There is little evidence on the long-term effects of pharmacological management in children undergoing dental treatment. This study aimed to assess children's behavior in consecutive dental sessions following oral rehabilitation using different pharmacological regimens for behavioral control. Participants were preschoolers who were previously treated for caries under one of the following: no sedative, oral sedation with midazolam, oral sedation with midazolam/ketamine, or general anesthesia. The children's behavior in the follow-up sessions was assessed using the Ohio State University Behavioral Rating Scale (OSUBRS); higher scores represented less cooperative behavior (range 5-20). Follow-up assessments were conducted on 50 children under four years old for up to 29 months. Data were analyzed by the Friedman/Wilcoxon tests and Cox regression model. OSUBRS mean (standard deviation) scores for the whole sample decreased from 11.9 (5.4) before treatment to 6.8 (3.2) at the final recall session (p < 0.001). Moderate sedation with midazolam (OR 2.9, 95%CI 1.2-6.9) or midazolam/ketamine (OR 4.3, 95%CI 1.6-11.4) improved children's future behavior. The general anesthesia group (n = 4) had a small sample size and the results should be considered with caution. Although invasive dental treatment negatively affected the child's behavior in the dental chair, they became more cooperative over time. Moderately sedated children showed better prospective behavior than those in the non-sedation group.
Assuntos
Comportamento Infantil/efeitos dos fármacos , Sedação Consciente/métodos , Assistência Odontológica para Crianças/métodos , Fatores Etários , Análise de Variância , Anestesia Geral/métodos , Anestésicos Dissociativos/uso terapêutico , Pré-Escolar , Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico/prevenção & controle , Cárie Dentária/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Hipnóticos e Sedativos/uso terapêutico , Ketamina/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Midazolam/uso terapêutico , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Estudos Prospectivos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Abstract There is little evidence on the long-term effects of pharmacological management in children undergoing dental treatment. This study aimed to assess children's behavior in consecutive dental sessions following oral rehabilitation using different pharmacological regimens for behavioral control. Participants were preschoolers who were previously treated for caries under one of the following: no sedative, oral sedation with midazolam, oral sedation with midazolam/ketamine, or general anesthesia. The children's behavior in the follow-up sessions was assessed using the Ohio State University Behavioral Rating Scale (OSUBRS); higher scores represented less cooperative behavior (range 5-20). Follow-up assessments were conducted on 50 children under four years old for up to 29 months. Data were analyzed by the Friedman/Wilcoxon tests and Cox regression model. OSUBRS mean (standard deviation) scores for the whole sample decreased from 11.9 (5.4) before treatment to 6.8 (3.2) at the final recall session (p < 0.001). Moderate sedation with midazolam (OR 2.9, 95%CI 1.2-6.9) or midazolam/ketamine (OR 4.3, 95%CI 1.6-11.4) improved children's future behavior. The general anesthesia group (n = 4) had a small sample size and the results should be considered with caution. Although invasive dental treatment negatively affected the child's behavior in the dental chair, they became more cooperative over time. Moderately sedated children showed better prospective behavior than those in the non-sedation group.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Comportamento Infantil/efeitos dos fármacos , Sedação Consciente/métodos , Assistência Odontológica para Crianças/métodos , Midazolam/uso terapêutico , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Estudos Prospectivos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Análise de Variância , Fatores Etários , Resultado do Tratamento , Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico/prevenção & controle , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Cárie Dentária/terapia , Hipnóticos e Sedativos/uso terapêutico , Anestesia Geral/métodos , Ketamina/uso terapêutico , Anestésicos Dissociativos/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Trends in the epidemiological profiles of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) have shifted the disease spectrum. This study aimed to evaluate the recurrence rates and identify factors related to persistent disease in a contemporary cohort of patients with DTC. METHODS: A cohort of DTC patients submitted to total thyroidectomy followed in a referral center were included in the study. "Disease free" was defined as no clinical, imaging, or biochemical evidence of tumors. "Recurrence" was defined as evidence of disease in a patient who had been previously classified as disease free. RESULTS: A total of 786 patients were included. The mean age at diagnosis was 45.8±15.1 years, 81.6% were female, and papillary thyroid cancer accounted for 86.6% of cases. The median tumor size was 2.0 cm, 28.5% had lymph node involvement, and 6.1% had distant metastases. Disease status after the initial therapy was available for 548 patients: 357 (65.1%) were disease free, and 191 (34.9%) had persistent disease (90 biochemical and 101 structural disease). In multivariate model analyses, the variables male sex, lateral lymph nodal involvement, distant metastasis, and 2009 ATA high-risk classification were independent prognostic factors for persist disease. After a four-year follow-up (two to eight years), 97.2% of the patients who had been classified as disease free remained in disease remission status. Of the 10 (2.8%) patients with recurrent disease, eight presented biochemical and two cervical structural disease. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of the DTC patients who were considered to be disease free after the initial treatment remained with this status at long-term follow-up. These data suggest that less intensive follow-up may apply for these patients.
Assuntos
Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Adenocarcinoma Folicular/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Carcinoma/patologia , Carcinoma Papilar , Estudos de Coortes , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Radioisótopos do Iodo/uso terapêutico , Metástase Linfática , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Metástase Neoplásica , Prognóstico , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Indução de Remissão , Câncer Papilífero da Tireoide , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/diagnóstico , Tireoidectomia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
A high prevalence of Pneumocystis jirovecii colonization was observed in patients positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) admitted to a tertiary hospital in southern Brazil between August 2012 and December 2012. Amplification of the mitochondrial large subunit ribosomal RNA gene in oropharyngeal samples through nested polymerase chain reaction identified P. jirovecii colonization in 26 of 58 (44.8%) HIV-positive patients admitted for causes other than Pneumocystis pneumonia. Colonization was more frequent among patients with an absolute CD4 count ≤200 cells/µl. These findings suggest that the HIV-infected population is a major reservoir and source of P. jirovecii infection and that identification of such individuals may contribute to future strategies for improving management of HIV-infected patients.
Assuntos
Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/epidemiologia , Portador Sadio/epidemiologia , Pneumocystis carinii , Pneumonia por Pneumocystis/epidemiologia , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/microbiologia , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiologia , Portador Sadio/microbiologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Orofaringe/microbiologia , Pneumocystis carinii/genética , Pneumocystis carinii/isolamento & purificação , Pneumonia por Pneumocystis/microbiologia , PrevalênciaRESUMO
Objective : To verify feeding resources used prior to corrective surgery among cleft babies from Brazil and to discuss suggestions to improve common feeding problems around the world. Design : Cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at eight medical centers. Participants : A total of 215 parents or guardians of cleft children. Methods : Interview based upon a prevalidated questionnaire. The chi-square test and comparison of means by analysis of variance were used; significance level adopted was 5% (P < .05). Results : Feeding guidelines were provided in the maternity unit to 53% of the families. Breast-feeding was encouraged among 80% of mothers, predominantly in the South (P = .016). However, follow-up after maternity discharge was not appropriately carried out and failure to breast-feed occurred in 78% of families. The feeding tube was used in 21%. According to families, for those who used the ordinary nipple, it was considered the best option by the majority (29%). Conclusion : Neonatal feeding in cleft babies is a global challenge. Reports about the difficulties encountered and successful experiences would be helpful to disseminate strategies and stimulate research directed at the large-scale applicability of neonatal feeding for cleft babies on public health. This study detected the need to increase professional training and emphasizes the need for public policies addressing neonatal referral to specialized care wherever possible. It also stimulates research into using an ordinary nipple as another resource for feeding cleft babies and suggests an international discussion about specific recommendations for humanized primary health care.
Assuntos
Fenda Labial , Fissura Palatina , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Política de Saúde , Humanos , LactenteRESUMO
BACKGROUND. There is a lack of clinical trials on paediatric dental sedation. AIM. We investigated whether young children's behaviour improves during dental treatment with oral ketamine/midazolam compared with midazolam alone or no sedation. DESIGN. Healthy children under 36 months of age, presenting early childhood caries were randomly assigned to receive protective stabilization plus: combined oral midazolam (0.5 mg/kg) and ketamine (3 mg/kg) (MK), or oral midazolam (1.0 mg/kg) (MS), or no sedative (PS). One observer scored children's behaviour using the Ohio State University Behavior Rating Scale (OSUBRS) at determined points in a dental exam (no sedative) and treatment session. Data were analysed using nonparametric bivariate tests. RESULTS. Forty-one children were included. In the dental exam session, the sum of OSUBRS scores was similar for the three groups (P = 0.81). In the treatment session, the MK produced more cooperative behaviour than MS and PS (P = 0.01), longer sessions (P = 0.04), and a pattern of homogeneous OSUBRS scores from the reception area (before sedative administration) to the end of the session (P = 0.06). No immediate and post-discharge side effects were observed in groups MK and MS. CONCLUSIONS. The combination of oral midazolam and ketamine is efficacious for guiding the behaviour of children under 3 years old.
Assuntos
Anestesia Dentária/métodos , Sedação Consciente/métodos , Antagonistas de Aminoácidos Excitatórios/administração & dosagem , Hipnóticos e Sedativos/administração & dosagem , Ketamina/administração & dosagem , Midazolam/administração & dosagem , Administração Oral , Comportamento Infantil/efeitos dos fármacos , Pré-Escolar , Comportamento Cooperativo , Choro/fisiologia , Cárie Dentária/terapia , Profilaxia Dentária , Restauração Dentária Permanente , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Movimento/fisiologia , Extração DentáriaRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Determinar a época do diagnóstico de fendas orofaciais típicas em diferentes regiões brasileiras e sua influência na idade da correção cirúrgica. MÉTODO: Estudo prospectivo, descritivo e transversal realizado em centros médicos do Sudeste, Sul e Nordeste do Brasil. Fonoaudiólogos e geneticistas treinados realizaram entrevista, previamente validada, com pais de crianças afetadas. Utilizaram-se os programas Epi-Info e SPSS. Adotou-se nível de significância de 5 por cento (p < 0,05). RESULTADOS: A amostra contou com 215 entrevistas para análise: 21,9 por cento (47) aplicadas no Sudeste, 51,1 por cento (110) no Sul e 27 por cento (58) no Nordeste. A renda mensal no Sudeste foi maior (p < 0,05). A fenda labiopalatal foi encontrada em 61,4 por cento (132) dos casos, a palatal, em 20,9 por cento (45), e a labial, em 17,7 por cento (38). Em 75,3 por cento (162) dos casos, o diagnóstico ocorreu na maternidade, em 14 por cento (30), no pré-natal e, em 10,2 por cento (22), após a alta da maternidade. O Sudeste apresentou maior frequência de diagnóstico pré-natal (27,7 por cento), possivelmente relacionada ao maior poder aquisitivo e a oportunidades de investigação. Dos diagnósticos em maternidades, 74,4 por cento ocorreram no Nordeste. Entretanto, não houve diferença na comparação entre época de diagnóstico, região e idade da primeira cirurgia. CONCLUSÃO: Considerando que o diagnóstico é mais frequente em maternidades, sugere-se o treinamento das equipes de saúde desses locais, visando efetiva coordenação do atendimento inicial. Apesar da época do diagnóstico não influenciar a idade das cirurgias, ela favorece o planejamento dos cuidados neonatais e terapêuticos dos afetados.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the time of diagnosis of typical orofacial clefts in different Brazilian regions and its influence on age at surgical correction. METHOD: This was a prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted in medical centers in the Southeast, South, and Northeast of Brazil. Trained speech therapists and geneticists interviewed the parents of affected children using a previously validated questionnaire. Epi-Info and SPSS were used for data analysis. Significance level was set at 5 percent (p < 0.05). RESULTS: The sample consisted of 215 interviews conducted in the following regions: 21.9 percent (47) in the Southeast, 51.1 percent (110) in the South, and 27 percent (58) in the Northeast. Monthly family income was higher in the Southeast (p < 0.05). Cleft lip and palate were found in 61.4 percent (132) of cases, cleft palate in 20.9 percent (45), and cleft lip in 17.7 percent (38). Diagnosis occurred in the maternity ward in 75.3 percent (162) of cases, during the prenatal period in 14 percent (30), and after hospital discharge in 10.2 percent (22). The Southeast had a higher frequency of prenatal diagnosis (27.7 percent), possibly related to greater purchasing power in this region and greater availability of prenatal investigation. Of all cases diagnosed in the maternity ward, 74.4 percent occurred in the Northeast. However, no significant difference was found when comparing time of diagnosis, region, and age at first surgery. CONCLUSION: Considering that diagnosis is more common in the maternity ward, local health care teams should be trained in order to effectively improve the initial care of these patients. Although time of diagnosis did not affect age at surgery, it favors the planning of neonatal care and treatment of affected infants.
Assuntos
Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Fenda Labial/diagnóstico , Fissura Palatina/diagnóstico , Maternidades/estatística & dados numéricos , Brasil/epidemiologia , Fenda Labial/epidemiologia , Fissura Palatina/epidemiologia , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Alta do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Diagnóstico Pré-Natal/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the time of diagnosis of typical orofacial clefts in different Brazilian regions and its influence on age at surgical correction. METHOD: This was a prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted in medical centers in the Southeast, South, and Northeast of Brazil. Trained speech therapists and geneticists interviewed the parents of affected children using a previously validated questionnaire. Epi-Info and SPSS were used for data analysis. Significance level was set at 5% (p ≤ 0.05). RESULTS: The sample consisted of 215 interviews conducted in the following regions: 21.9% (47) in the Southeast, 51.1% (110) in the South, and 27% (58) in the Northeast. Monthly family income was higher in the Southeast (p ≤ 0.05). Cleft lip and palate were found in 61.4% (132) of cases, cleft palate in 20.9% (45), and cleft lip in 17.7% (38). Diagnosis occurred in the maternity ward in 75.3% (162) of cases, during the prenatal period in 14% (30), and after hospital discharge in 10.2% (22). The Southeast had a higher frequency of prenatal diagnosis (27.7%), possibly related to greater purchasing power in this region and greater availability of prenatal investigation. Of all cases diagnosed in the maternity ward, 74.4% occurred in the Northeast. However, no significant difference was found when comparing time of diagnosis, region, and age at first surgery. CONCLUSION: Considering that diagnosis is more common in the maternity ward, local health care teams should be trained in order to effectively improve the initial care of these patients. Although time of diagnosis did not affect age at surgery, it favors the planning of neonatal care and treatment of affected infants.
Assuntos
Fenda Labial/diagnóstico , Fissura Palatina/diagnóstico , Maternidades/estatística & dados numéricos , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Fenda Labial/epidemiologia , Fissura Palatina/epidemiologia , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Alta do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Diagnóstico Pré-Natal/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Traçar o perfil fonoaudiológico da comunidade do Dendê, caracterizando os aspectos de linguagem oral e escrita, voz, audição e motricidade orofacial, a partir de queixas referidas. MÉTODOS: Estudo exploratório-descritivo, realizado a partir da aplicação de protocolo abordando aspectos gerais e fonoaudiológicos, com base nas informações contidas nos prontuários das 335 famílias assistidas pela Fonoaudiologia na comunidade do Dendê, totalizando 1704 sujeitos. RESULTADOS: Grande parte das famílias do Dendê, 70 por cento, ganha até dois salários mínimos. Observou-se que 20,6 por cento da população infantil apresentou queixas de problemas de linguagem, sendo 21,2 por cento delas, de dificuldade de aprendizagem escolar. Houve ocorrências do hábito de sucção de chupeta em 50,4 por cento das crianças, seguido da mamadeira em 42,2 por cento, com até dois anos de idade. Nas crianças entre dois e seis anos ainda observou-se uso elevado destes hábitos, sendo 31,2 por cento uso da mamadeira e 29,7 por cento sucção de chupeta. A sucção digital foi observada em 9,1 por cento das crianças acima de seis anos. Houve um baixo percentual de queixas auditivas, assim como de voz, em apenas 2,2 por cento da população. CONCLUSÃO: Foi verificado que as alterações fonoaudiológicas mais prevalentes estavam relacionadas à presença de hábitos orais, seguidas por aspectos da linguagem oral e escrita. No entanto, um baixo nível de queixas de audição e de voz foi relatado. A realização de um diagnóstico situacional ajuda no redirecionamento das atividades postas em prática na comunidade, visando a população assistida. Isto é alcançado por meio de iniciativas educativas de prevenção e promoção de saúde, as quais devem conduzir a resultados melhores, mais rápidos e mais eficazes.
PURPOSE: To trace the Speech-Language Pathology profile of the Dendê community, characterizing aspects of oral and written language, voice, hearing and orofacial myology, based on referred complaints. METHODS: Exploratory-descriptive study, carried out with the application of a protocol that addressed general and Speech-Language Pathology aspects, based on information available on the records of 335 families assisted by Speech-Language Pathology at the Dendê community, totalizing 1704 subjects. RESULTS: Great part of the families at Dendê (70 percent) earns up to two minimum wages. It was observed that 20.6 percent of the children had language complaints, and 21.2 percent of these complaints regarded learning difficulties. Pacifier sucking habits were observed in 50.4 percent of the children, and 42.2 percent of the children up to two years old used nursing bottles. Children between two and six years old also presented high occurrence of these habits: 31.2 percent used nursing bottles and 29.7 percent used pacifiers. Thumb sucking was observed among 9.1 percent of the children older than six years old. There was a low percentage of hearing and voice complaints, reported by 2.2 percent of the population. CONCLUSION: It was verified that most prevalent Speech-Language Pathology alterations were related to the presence of oral habits, followed by oral and written language aspects. Nevertheless, a low level of hearing and voice complaints were reported. A situational diagnosis helps redirecting the activities practiced in the community, aiming its population. This is achieved through educational initiatives of health prevention and promotion, which should lead to better, quicker and more efficient results.
Assuntos
Humanos , Perfil de Saúde , Audição , Desenvolvimento da Linguagem , Transtornos da Linguagem , Prevalência , Patologia da Fala e Linguagem , Sistema Estomatognático , VozRESUMO
Introdução - O objetivo do presente trabalho foi comparar, durante seis meses, a efetividade de dois vernizes - Cervitec® (Vivadent/Vivacare - Schaan/Liechtenstein, lote 916204) e Fluorniz® (S.S. White Artigos Dentários Ltda. Rio de Janeiro) - na redução dos níveis salivares de estreptococos mutans em lactentes de 12 a 18 meses, comparados a um grupo controle. Material e Métodos - Foram selecionados 21 pares mãe-bebê, sendo que as mães receberam adequação do meio bucal e os bebês receberam acompanhamento trimestral seguindo o protocolo do grupo (F, C ou P) no qual foram, aleatoriamente, enquadrados. Resultados - Coletas de saliva dos bebês foram realizadas antes das aplicações por um período de seis meses e analisadas microscopicamente para contagem das colônias de estreptococos mutans . Conclusão - Apenas o grupo flúor apresentou uma redução estatisticamente significante na contagem de estreptococos mutans da saliva após seis meses de estudo.
Introduction - The purpose of this study was to compare, during 6 months, the effect of two varnishes - Cervitec® (Vivadent/Vivacare - Schaan/Liechtenstein, lot 916204) and Fluorniz® (S.S. White Artigos Dentários Ltda. Rio de Janeiro) - in decreasing the levels of mutans streptococci in saliva in suckling babies with 12-18 months. Material and Methods - Twenty one pairs mother-baby were selected; the mothers received restorative care and the babies received trimestral consults, according to the group that they belong to. Results - Saliva samples were collected from the babies and the colonies of mutans streptococci were counted. Conclusion - Just the fluor group show a reduced, significant, in the number of streptococcus mutans in saliva.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Adulto , Clorexidina/uso terapêutico , Saliva , Streptococcus mutans , Flúor/uso terapêutico , Timol/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
O Tratamento Restaurador Atraumático (ART) é uma abordagem de tratamento da cárie que consiste na remocäo da estrutura dentária cariada usando somente instrumento manuais e na restauraçäo imediata do preparo cavitário com material obturador adesivo (cimento de ionômero de vidro), dispensando o uso de anestesia e energia elétrica. A simplicidade da técnica possibilita a sua utilizaçäo em populaçöes menos favorecidas e sem acesso aos cuidados odontológicos. O objetivo do presente estudo é revisar a literatura sobre o estágio atual e as perspectivas do ART, abordando a aplicabilidade da técnica, a eficácia das restauraçöes e as necessidades de pesquisa sobre o tema. O interesse pela utilizaçäo do ART tem sido crescente. Estudos realizados em diversos países, principalmente da Africa e Asia, têm demonstrado que a técnica pode ser considerada atraumática para o dente e para o paciente e apresenta boa aceitaçäo pelos usuários. O percentual de sucesso das restauraçöes de uma face em dentes permanentes tem sido satisfatório após 3 anos. As necessidades de pesquisa incluem principalmente estudos com tempo de proservaçäo mais longos, estudos em dentes decíduos e restauraçöes envolvendo mais de uma superfície, além do desenvolvimento de materiais restauradores mais adequados ao ART