RESUMO
To evaluate the effect of calcium hydroxide (CH), sodium ascorbate (SA) and sodium thiosulfate (ST) filling the pulp chamber on color stability and longevity of teeth after internal bleaching. Crowns of bovine incisors were submitted to internal bleaching and divided into groups according the material used in the pulp chamber: Control, CH, SA, ST. Each group was divided into two subgroups according to the time to perform restorative procedures (7 or 15 days). Color measurement was performed with a spectrophotometer at nine periods. The darkening (ΔE) values were calculated. The Mann-Whitney test was used to statistically analyze the data (p ⟨ 0.05). After bleaching, ΔE values were higher than 3.5, showing that the procedure was effective. After 24 hours, no difference was observed between groups. After 7 days, SA showed higher ΔE than the control group (p ⟨ 0.05). CH and TS did not differ from the control group. In restorations performed after 7/15 days, SA group showed higher values of darkening after 1 and 4 months than the control group (p ⟨ 0.05). SA induced perceptible darkening after bleaching and should not be used to fill the pulp chamber. ST and CH show color stability and longevity after 12 months.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes , Hidróxido de Cálcio , Cavidade Pulpar , Clareadores Dentários , Clareamento Dental , Animais , Bovinos , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Clareadores Dentários/farmacologia , Espectrofotometria , Ácido Ascórbico/farmacologia , Tiossulfatos/farmacologia , Descoloração de Dente , CorRESUMO
To evaluate the ethanol wet-bonding protocol with a universal adhesive in etch-andrinse and self-etch modes on microleakage and microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of resin composite to different dentin depth. Molars were distributed into groups according to protocol and dentin depth: universal adhesive (C - control), ethanol + universal adhesive (E), and phosphoric acid etch + ethanol + universal adhesive (PA+E). All protocols were applied to dentin at superficial, middle and deep depths. The specimens (n = 10) were submitted to microleakage and µTBS tests. Half of specimens were submitted to thermocycling (10,000 cycles; 5∘C/55∘C). Data were submitted to Spearman correlation (µTBS x microleakage) and three-way ANOVA (protocol, aging and depth), followed by Bonferroni post hoc test (α=0.05). PA+E group showed highest µTBS and lowest microleakage mean values in 24h. All groups presented similar µTBS mean values after thermocycling. The deep dentin showed less stable µTBS results. PA+E group presented highest microleakage mean values after thermocycling. Spearman's correlation showed a strong correlation between microleakage and µTBS. The PA+E group improved immediate adhesion and E group promoted a more stable µTBS in the long-term adhesion of universal adhesive. The aging for all protocols jeopardized the stability of the hybrid layer. The ethanol wet bonding technique associated with universal adhesive has enhanced the immediate result of the resin composite adhesion.
Assuntos
Colagem Dentária , Cimentos Dentários , Cimentos Dentários/farmacologia , Adesivos Dentinários/química , Colagem Dentária/métodos , Cimentos de Resina/química , Resistência à Tração , Dentina , Resinas Compostas/química , Teste de MateriaisRESUMO
At present, veterinary laparoscopic surgery training is lacking in experiences that provide a controlled and safe environment where surgeons can practice specific techniques while receiving experts' feedback. Surgical skills acquired using simulators must be certified and transferable to the operating room. Most models for practicing laparoscopic skills in veterinary minimally invasive surgery are general task trainers and consist of boxes (simulators) designed for training human surgery. These simulators exhibit several limitations, including anatomic species and procedural differences, as well as general psychomotor training rather than in vivo skill recreation. In this paper, we review the existing methods of training, evaluation, and validation of technical skills in veterinary laparoscopic surgery. Content includes global and specific scales, and the conditions a structured curriculum should meet for improving the performance of novice surgeons during and after training. A focus on trainee-specific assessment and tailored-technical instruction should influence training programs. We provide a comprehensive analysis of current theories and concepts related to the evaluation and validation of simulators for training laparoscopic surgery in small animal surgery. We also highlight the need to develop new training models and complementary evaluation scales for the validation of training and acquisition of basic and advanced skills in veterinary laparoscopic surgery.
RESUMO
O artigo tem um caráter crítico-teórico exploratório sobre o domínio da psicologia esportiva, no que diz respeito a uma possível nova abordagem de predição de estados emocionais a partir da perspectiva da teoria do apego. Primeiramente, oferece uma revisão sobre a teoria do apego, desde o esboço inicial do precursor da área, o inglês John Bowlby, até as pesquisas mais recentes realizadas em diversos países e sob óticas diferentes. Versa também brevemente sobre aspectos da psicologia, no que concerne à motivação e outros elementos que a influenciam, tais como a emoção e a personalidade. Tece considerações finais apontando um possível caminho promissor para predição de estados motivacionais de atletas de rendimento muito antes da participação dos mesmos em competições, como, por exemplo, a motivação para o êxito ou fracasso. Finalmente apresenta a identificação dos estilos de apego de atletas como forma de predizer as tendências de seus comportamentos nos períodos pré, durante e pós-competição.
This theoretical article explores the domain of sport psychology domain regarding a possible new approach to the prediction of motivational states from the perspective of the attachment theory. Initially, it reviews such theory from the first contributions of its precursor, John Bowlby, to contemporary scholarship in different countries, as well as their distinct perspectives. It also offers a brief discussion of psychological topics related to motivation and to factors that can influence it, such as emotion and personality. It concludes by suggesting a possible promising way of anticipating motivational states of high performance athletes, such as motivation for failure or success, even before they participate in competitions. Finally, it presents the identification of attachment styles as a promising path for identifying and predicting the behavior of athletes before, during and after a competition.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Desempenho Atlético , Esportes/psicologia , MotivaçãoRESUMO
O artigo tem um caráter crítico-teórico exploratório sobre o domínio da psicologia esportiva, no que diz respeito a uma possível nova abordagem de predição de estados emocionais a partir da perspectiva da teoria do apego. Primeiramente, oferece uma revisão sobre a teoria do apego, desde o esboço inicial do precursor da área, o inglês John Bowlby, até as pesquisas mais recentes realizadas em diversos países e sob óticas diferentes. Versa também brevemente sobre aspectos da psicologia, no que concerne à motivação e outros elementos que a influenciam, tais como a emoção e a personalidade. Tece considerações finais apontando um possível caminho promissor para predição de estados motivacionais de atletas de rendimento muito antes da participação dos mesmos em competições, como, por exemplo, a motivação para o êxito ou fracasso. Finalmente apresenta a identificação dos estilos de apego de atletas como forma de predizer as tendências de seus comportamentos nos períodos pré, durante e pós-competição.(AU)
This theoretical article explores the domain of sport psychology domain regarding a possible new approach to the prediction of motivational states from the perspective of the attachment theory. Initially, it reviews such theory from the first contributions of its precursor, John Bowlby, to contemporary scholarship in different countries, as well as their distinct perspectives. It also offers a brief discussion of psychological topics related to motivation and to factors that can influence it, such as emotion and personality. It concludes by suggesting a possible promising way of anticipating motivational states of high performance athletes, such as motivation for failure or success, even before they participate in competitions. Finally, it presents the identification of attachment styles as a promising path for identifying and predicting the behavior of athletes before, during and after a competition.(AU)
Assuntos
Motivação , Desempenho Atlético , Esportes/psicologiaRESUMO
O presente trabalho versa sobre aspectos referentes ao consumidor e a fatores que podem influenciar sua decisão de compra, como a propaganda. Concentra-se no comportamento do consumidor adolescente brasileiro recifense, uma vez que poucos estudos têm sido feitos nesta área no Brasil. Aborda inicialmente aspectos relativos ao contexto social brasileiro, relacionados à adolescência e aspectos do marketing, de forma particular a uma de suas táticas promocionais, a propaganda. Analisa criticamente as possíveis relações diretas ou indiretas da propaganda com o processo de decisão de compra do consumidor. Teve como objetivo principal verificar se a propaganda exerce influência determinante na decisão de compra dos adolescentes. Apoia-se na teoria das facetas e na abordagem quali-quanti, usando como instrumentos a associação livre, a classificação dirigida, situação hipotética de compra e escala Likert relacionada ao peso da propaganda para decisão de compra. Análises descritivas, de variância Kruskall-Wallis e multidimensional através da técnica SSA (Smallest Space Analysis) e de entrevista foram realizadas. Verificou-se que a propaganda não se apresenta, na opinião dos participantes, como uma influência determinante na decisão de compra dos mesmos.
This work refers to consumers' aspects and motives, such as adverts, which can influence the buying decision process. It focuses on Brazilian adolescent's consumer behavior, since only very few studies have explored this field so far. It initially covers aspects related to adolescence and marketing in the city of Recife (PE) social context, especially advertising as a promotional strategy. It critically analyses the possible direct or indirect relation between advertising and buying decision. The main goal was to verify whether adverts can have a determinant influence on the adolescents' buying decisions. It draws upon facets theory as its framework, the quali-quanti approach as well as instruments for data collection such as free associations, directed classifications, hypothetical buying situation, Likert's scale and interviews. Descriptive, variance (Kruskall-Wallis) and multidimensional analysis (Smallest Space Analysis) were also applied. The findings suggest that commercial advertising are not perceived as a determinant influence on adolescents´ buying decisions.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Feminino , Adolescente , Comportamento de Escolha , Marketing , Propaganda , EstudantesRESUMO
O presente trabalho versa sobre aspectos referentes ao consumidor e a fatores que podem influenciar sua decisão de compra, como a propaganda. Concentra-se no comportamento do consumidor adolescente brasileiro recifense, uma vez que poucos estudos têm sido feitos nesta área no Brasil. Aborda inicialmente aspectos relativos ao contexto social brasileiro, relacionados à adolescência e aspectos do marketing, de forma particular a uma de suas táticas promocionais, a propaganda. Analisa criticamente as possíveis relações diretas ou indiretas da propaganda com o processo de decisão de compra do consumidor. Teve como objetivo principal verificar se a propaganda exerce influência determinante na decisão de compra dos adolescentes. Apoia-se na teoria das facetas e na abordagem quali-quanti, usando como instrumentos a associação livre, a classificação dirigida, situação hipotética de compra e escala Likert relacionada ao peso da propaganda para decisão de compra. Análises descritivas, de variância Kruskall-Wallis e multidimensional através da técnica SSA (Smallest Space Analysis) e de entrevista foram realizadas. Verificou-se que a propaganda não se apresenta, na opinião dos participantes, como uma influência determinante na decisão de compra dos mesmos.(AU)
This work refers to consumers' aspects and motives, such as adverts, which can influence the buying decision process. It focuses on Brazilian adolescent's consumer behavior, since only very few studies have explored this field so far. It initially covers aspects related to adolescence and marketing in the city of Recife (PE) social context, especially advertising as a promotional strategy. It critically analyses the possible direct or indirect relation between advertising and buying decision. The main goal was to verify whether adverts can have a determinant influence on the adolescents' buying decisions. It draws upon facets theory as its framework, the quali-quanti approach as well as instruments for data collection such as free associations, directed classifications, hypothetical buying situation, Likert's scale and interviews. Descriptive, variance (Kruskall-Wallis) and multidimensional analysis (Smallest Space Analysis) were also applied. The findings suggest that commercial advertising are not perceived as a determinant influence on adolescents´ buying decisions.(AU)