RESUMO

Strain plays an important role for the optical properties of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). Here, we investigate strain effects in a monolayer MoSe2 sample with a large bubble region using µ-Raman, second harmonic generation (SHG), µ-photoluminescence and magneto µ-photoluminescence at low temperature. Remarkably, our results reveal the presence of a non-uniform strain field and the observation of emission peaks at lower energies which are the signatures of exciton and trion quasiparticles red-shifted by strain effects in the bubble region, in agreement with our theoretical predictions. Furthermore, we have observed that the emission in the strained region decreases the trion binding energy and enhances the valley g-factors as compared to non-strained regions. Considering uniform biaxial strain effects within the unit cell of the TMDC monolayer (ML), our first principles calculations predict the observed enhancement of the exciton valley Zeeman effect. In addition, our results suggest that the exciton-trion fine structure plays an important role for the optical properties of strained TMDC ML. In summary, our study provides fundamental insights on the behaviour of excitons and trions in strained monolayer MoSe2 which are particularly relevant to properly characterize and understand the fine structure of excitonic complexes in strained TMDC systems/devices.

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated an association between obesity and the decreased male fertility. OBJECTIVE: to observe the mechanisms by which obesity affects semen quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study was performed including 47 male volunteers, of which 27 were obese group (body mass index >30 kg/m2 ) and 20 were eutrophic (body mass index between 18.5 and 25 kg/m2 ) controls. Sperm functional analysis was performed. The remaining seminal plasma was pooled-four pools per group- and submitted to proteomic analysis by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Groups were compared by an unpaired Student's t-test. Differentially expressed proteins were submitted to functional enrichment analysis using the online platform PantherDB. RESULTS: Obese men presented decreased non-progressive motility, morphology, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial activity, and increased sperm DNA fragmentation. In proteomics analysis, 69 proteins were differentially expressed between the two groups. Among them, one protein was absent, 19 were down-regulated, 49 were up-regulated, and one was exclusive in the study group. The main functions enriched were as follows: negative regulation of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis, activation of immune and inflammatory, antioxidant activity, among others. CONCLUSION: molecular pathways suggest there is a causative link, and that the effector mechanisms alter sperm metabolic status and defective testicular selection 5 mechanisms.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Com o objetivo de modificar a escala de coma de Glasgow pediátrica para utilização na medicina veterinária, foram utilizados 30 cães adultos com alterações neurológicas passíveis de avaliação da consciência. A escala modificada para cães foi aplicada em três momentos com intervalos de 48 horas entre eles, resultando em 90 eventos diversos. A escala foi aplicada para avaliação da abertura ocular (AO), da melhor resposta associada à vocalização (MRV) e da melhor resposta motora (MRM). Com a análise fatorial para os indicadores AO, MRV e MRM, obtiveram-se valores iniciais de 2,482, 0,302 e 0,215, respectivamente. A variância foi de 82,7 por cento, 10,1 por cento e 7,2 por cento, respectivamente, e cumulativa de 82,7 por cento, 92,8 por cento e 100 por cento, respectivamente. A extração esperada do principal fator, AO, foi de 2,482 com variância de 82,7 por cento e cumulativa de 82,7 por cento. O resultado da avaliação da consciência dos cães foi normal em 10 por cento dos animais, alteração leve em 20 por cento, moderada em 45 por cento e grave em 25 por cento, com escores de Glasgow iguais a 15, entre 13 e 14, entre 9 e 12 e entre 8 e 3, respectivamente. A escala de coma de Glasgow pediátrica modificada para cães é ferramenta segura para avaliação da consciência de cães adultos.(AU)

The pediatric Glasgow coma scale was modified for use in veterinary medicine. Thirty adult dogs with neurological alterations susceptible to evaluation of the conscience were studied. The modified scale for dogs was applied at three moments with intervals of 48 hours, resulting in 90 events. The scale was applied for evaluation of the ocular opening (OO), the best answer associated to vocalization (BAV), and the best motor answer (BMA). With the factorial analysis for the indicators OO, BAV, and BMA the initial values of 2.482, 0.302, and 0.215, respectively, were obtained. The variance was of 82.7 percent, 10.1 percent, and 7.2 percent, respectively, and cumulative of 82.7 percent, 92.8 percent, and 100 percent, respectively. The expected extraction of the main factor, OO, was 2.482 with variance of 82.7 percent and cumulative of 82.7 percent. The evaluation result of the conscience was normal in 10 percent of the animals, light alteration in 20 percent, moderate in 45 percent, and severe in 25 percent, with scores of Glasgow equal to 15, from 13 to 14, nine to 12, and eight to three, respectively. The pediatric Glasgow coma scale modified for dogs was a safe tool for evaluation of the conscience of adult dogs.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Com o objetivo de modificar a escala de coma de Glasgow pediátrica para utilização na medicina veterinária, foram utilizados 30 cães adultos com alterações neurológicas passíveis de avaliação da consciência. A escala modificada para cães foi aplicada em três momentos com intervalos de 48 horas entre eles, resultando em 90 eventos diversos. A escala foi aplicada para avaliação da abertura ocular (AO), da melhor resposta associada à vocalização (MRV) e da melhor resposta motora (MRM). Com a análise fatorial para os indicadores AO, MRV e MRM, obtiveram-se valores iniciais de 2,482, 0,302 e 0,215, respectivamente. A variância foi de 82,7 por cento, 10,1 por cento e 7,2 por cento, respectivamente, e cumulativa de 82,7 por cento, 92,8 por cento e 100 por cento, respectivamente. A extração esperada do principal fator, AO, foi de 2,482 com variância de 82,7 por cento e cumulativa de 82,7 por cento. O resultado da avaliação da consciência dos cães foi normal em 10 por cento dos animais, alteração leve em 20 por cento, moderada em 45 por cento e grave em 25 por cento, com escores de Glasgow iguais a 15, entre 13 e 14, entre 9 e 12 e entre 8 e 3, respectivamente. A escala de coma de Glasgow pediátrica modificada para cães é ferramenta segura para avaliação da consciência de cães adultos.

The pediatric Glasgow coma scale was modified for use in veterinary medicine. Thirty adult dogs with neurological alterations susceptible to evaluation of the conscience were studied. The modified scale for dogs was applied at three moments with intervals of 48 hours, resulting in 90 events. The scale was applied for evaluation of the ocular opening (OO), the best answer associated to vocalization (BAV), and the best motor answer (BMA). With the factorial analysis for the indicators OO, BAV, and BMA the initial values of 2.482, 0.302, and 0.215, respectively, were obtained. The variance was of 82.7 percent, 10.1 percent, and 7.2 percent, respectively, and cumulative of 82.7 percent, 92.8 percent, and 100 percent, respectively. The expected extraction of the main factor, OO, was 2.482 with variance of 82.7 percent and cumulative of 82.7 percent. The evaluation result of the conscience was normal in 10 percent of the animals, light alteration in 20 percent, moderate in 45 percent, and severe in 25 percent, with scores of Glasgow equal to 15, from 13 to 14, nine to 12, and eight to three, respectively. The pediatric Glasgow coma scale modified for dogs was a safe tool for evaluation of the conscience of adult dogs.

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