RESUMO
Phlebotomines (Diptera: Psychodidae) are vectors of several etiological agents of human and animal diseases, including protozoans of the gender Leishmania. Precarious socioeconomic conditions and uncontrolled population growth directly influence the transmission risk of parasites and the urbanization of vector species, previously restricted to wild environments. The Marajó Archipelago is considered a high incidence area of leishmaniasis in the Brazilian Amazon. However, it is poorly studied. The aim of this study was to assess the adaptation processes of phlebotomine species to anthropized environments in this region. For this purpose, the phlebotomine fauna was compared between three municipalities of the Marajó Archipelago: Anajás, Portel, and São Sebastião da Boa Vista. To survey the phlebotomine fauna, CDC (Center for Disease Control) light traps were installed in the wild areas and in the intra and peridomiciliary areas of rural and urban environments. The environments studied presented a diversified phlebotomine fauna, with higher richness in the wild environment (15 species), followed by the rural (seven species), and finally, the urban environment (three species). A migration of wild fauna to the adjacent anthropized areas (rural environment) and to urban areas was observed, evidencing the adaptation process of this vector to anthropized environments in the studied region. Thus, our study evidenced that the disorganized human occupation and utilization of the landscape might cause the invasion of urban areas by wild populations of phlebotomines, in this way enabling the settlement of urban leishmaniasis transmission cycles.
Assuntos
Insetos Vetores/fisiologia , Leishmaniose Visceral/transmissão , Phlebotomus/fisiologia , Adaptação Fisiológica , Migração Animal , Animais , Brasil , Meio Ambiente , Insetos Vetores/parasitologia , Leishmania/fisiologia , Leishmaniose Visceral/parasitologia , Phlebotomus/classificação , Phlebotomus/parasitologia , Densidade DemográficaRESUMO
Phlebotomus oliverioi Barretto & Coutinho, 1941 was originally described based only on the male holotype and has since been considered junior-synonym of Psathyromyia brasiliensis (Costa Lima, 1932). The study of the holotype of Ph. oliverioi allowed us to conclude that the head of this specimen belongs to the genus Psychodopygus and the wings, thorax and abdomen belong to a different species of Psathyromyia. Thus, Ph. oliverioi is a not valid species, and must be removed from the synonym and excluded from the provisions of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (Articles 17.2 and 23.8). The specimen was measured, drawn, photographed and the morphological characters are discussed. Lectotype and paralectotypes to Pa. brasiliensis are designated.(AU)
Phlebotomus oliverioi Barretto & Coutinho, 1941 foi originalmente descrita baseada em um único macho e desde então tem sido considerada sinônimo-júnior de Psathyromyia brasiliensis (Costa Lima, 1932). O estudo do holótipo de Ph. oliverioi nos levou a concluir que a cabeça deste espécime pertence ao gênero Psychodopygus e as asas, tórax e abdômen pertencem a Psathyromyia. Psathyromyia oliverioi não é uma espécie válida e deve ser removida da sinonímia e excluída de acordo com o recomendado pelo Código Internacional de Nomenclatura Zoológica (Artigos 17.2 e 23.8). O espécime foi medido, desenhado e fotografado e os caracteres morfológicos são discutidos. Lectótipo e paralectótipos são designados para Pa. brasiliensis.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Classificação , Zoologia/tendênciasRESUMO
Phlebotomus oliverioi Barretto & Coutinho, 1941 was originally described based only on the male holotype and has since been considered junior-synonym of Psathyromyia brasiliensis (Costa Lima, 1932). The study of the holotype of Ph. oliverioi allowed us to conclude that the head of this specimen belongs to the genus Psychodopygus and the wings, thorax and abdomen belong to a different species of Psathyromyia. Thus, Ph. oliverioi is a not valid species, and must be removed from the synonym and excluded from the provisions of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (Articles 17.2 and 23.8). The specimen was measured, drawn, photographed and the morphological characters are discussed. Lectotype and paralectotypes to Pa. brasiliensis are designated.
Phlebotomus oliverioi Barretto & Coutinho, 1941 foi originalmente descrita baseada em um único macho e desde então tem sido considerada sinônimo-júnior de Psathyromyia brasiliensis (Costa Lima, 1932). O estudo do holótipo de Ph. oliverioi nos levou a concluir que a cabeça deste espécime pertence ao gênero Psychodopygus e as asas, tórax e abdômen pertencem a Psathyromyia. Psathyromyia oliverioi não é uma espécie válida e deve ser removida da sinonímia e excluída de acordo com o recomendado pelo Código Internacional de Nomenclatura Zoológica (Artigos 17.2 e 23.8). O espécime foi medido, desenhado e fotografado e os caracteres morfológicos são discutidos. Lectótipo e paralectótipos são designados para Pa. brasiliensis.
Assuntos
Animais , Classificação , Zoologia/tendênciasRESUMO
The phlebotomine sand fly fauna of the State of Minas Gerais is presented based on an extensive review of the literature. The fauna, which is a rich one, is currently known to consist of at least 93 species included in 16 genera. The genus Evandromyia (16 spp.) is the most representative one, followed by Micropygomyia (13 spp.), Psathyromyia (12 spp.), Brumptomyia (11 spp.), Pintomyia (9 spp.), Lutzomyia (7 spp.), Psychodopygus (7 spp.), Martinsmyia (4 spp.), Nyssomyia (3 spp.), Deanemyia (2 spp.), Expapillata (2 spp.), Pressatia (2 spp.), and Sciopemyia (2 spp.). The genera Bichromomyia, Trichopygomyia, and Migonemyia are represented by only one species. An updated list of phlebotomine sand fly species occurring in Minas Gerais is provided. Finally, the importance of the species of public health concern is discussed.
Assuntos
Psychodidae , Animais , BrasilRESUMO
The phlebotomine sand fly fauna of the State of Minas Gerais is presented based on an extensive review of the literature. The fauna, which is a rich one, is currently known to consist of at least 93 species included in 16 genera. The genus Evandromyia (16 spp.) is the most representative one, followed by Micropygomyia (13 spp.), Psathyromyia (12 spp.), Brumptomyia (11 spp.), Pintomyia (9 spp.), Lutzomyia (7 spp.), Psychodopygus (7 spp.), Martinsmyia (4 spp.), Nyssomyia (3 spp.), Deanemyia (2 spp.), Expapillata (2 spp.), Pressatia (2 spp.), and Sciopemyia (2 spp.). The genera Bichromomyia, Trichopygomyia, and Migonemyia are represented by only one species. An updated list of phlebotomine sand fly species occurring in Minas Gerais is provided. Finally, the importance of the species of public health concern is discussed.