RESUMO
Since the associations between Helicobacter pylori genotype and disease differ in Asia and the West, we investigated the correlation between HP0638, encoding an outer membrane protein, and potential markers of virulence (cagA, vacA, and iceA). For 109 strains from nine countries, the status of cagA, vacA, and iceA was determined by PCR and/or a line probe assay. We also studied 18 strains from 8 patients (parents and 6 daughters) from a Dutch family and paired strains collected on average 8 years apart from 11 patients. When the HP0638 signal sequences were amplified by PCR and DNA sequence determinations were performed, 89 (96%) of 93 cagA-positive strains had HP0638 in frame, versus none (0%) of 16 cagA-negative strains (P < 0.001). Among strains in which HP0638 was in frame, a six-CT dinucleotide repeat pattern was dominant in Western countries (23 of 33 strains [70%]), while a pattern of three CT repeats with another CT after four T's (3 + 1-CT-repeat pattern) was dominant in East Asia (31 of 46 strains [67%]); however, specific CT repeat patterns did not correlate with clinical outcome. HP0638 phylogenetic trees also showed geographic characters. The HP0638 frame status and CT dinucleotide repeat patterns were identical for 9 of 11 pairs of strains obtained on average 8 years apart from individuals and the 15 strains obtained from the mother and all six daughters. Thus, HP0638 frame status and cagA status are strongly correlated. The CT dinucleotide repeat pattern in the putative HP0638 signal sequence has geographic characters and appears stable in particular patients and families over a period of years. Analysis of HP0638 CT polymorphisms may serve as a new typing system to discriminate H. pylori isolates for epidemiological purposes.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Bactérias , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/genética , Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo , Infecções por Helicobacter/epidemiologia , Helicobacter pylori/classificação , Polimorfismo Genético , Adulto , Ásia/epidemiologia , Sequência de Bases , Colômbia/epidemiologia , Repetições de Dinucleotídeos/genética , Europa (Continente)/epidemiologia , Feminino , Infecções por Helicobacter/microbiologia , Helicobacter pylori/genética , Helicobacter pylori/metabolismo , Helicobacter pylori/patogenicidade , Humanos , Masculino , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Virulência/genéticaRESUMO
The purpose of this study was to establish a practical and effective toothbrushing time for the pre-schoolchildren, by answering a very frequent questions made by the responsible for the young patients. 120 children brushed their teeth under supervision for predetermined times of 3, 5, 8 and 10 min. No specific technique was recommended. Oral hygiene indexes were scored prior to the brushing procedure. Although the 8 and 10 min. brushing times were effective in removing debris from the surface of the teeth they proved to be detrimental to the integrity of gingival tissues. The 3 min. brushing period was insufficient, while the 5 min. period was highly safe and effective. It was recommended that for the success of oral hygiene for the pre-schoolchild, the teeth should be brushed for 5 min. under supervision at least once a day.
Assuntos
Escovação Dentária , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Placa Dentária/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Índice de Higiene Oral , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The purpose of this research is to obtain simplified index to evaluate oral hygiene in children. They are divided in two groups: 1) 4-6 years and; 2) 7-10 years. The criteria described by GREEN & VERMILLION, 1960 and 1964 were selected. Calculus was excluded. Once obtained the total data, a simplified of the total index was performed. For the ages 4 to 6 years, we selected labial surfaces of the 54, 61, 82 and the lingual surface of 75. For the mixed dentition we added the labial surface of 26 and the lingual surface of 46. In both dentition, simplified index showed significant correlation with the total index.
Assuntos
Índice de Higiene Oral , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Índice de Placa Dentária , Dentição Mista , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Dente DecíduoRESUMO
The purpose of this research is to obtain a simplified caries index. Four hundred and twenty children, both sexes, 4 to 10 years of age were divided in two groups: 4-6 years and 7-10 years. For caries prevalence, on the deciduous dentition, we used a modified GR JEBBEL index and for permanente teeth, the criteria established by KLEIN et alii, 1938. Considering the cumulative effects of caries, in the mixed dentition, we considered the sum of dmfs and DMFS. A simplification of the total index was performed, for the ages 4 to 6 years considering the teeth 54, 61, 75, 82 and for mixed dentition we added the tooth 26 and 26. The results showed in both dentition, that simplified caries index showed significant correlation with the total index.
Assuntos
Índice CPO , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Dentição Mista , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Dente DecíduoRESUMO
The main purpose of this research is to obtain an simplified gingival index. Four hundred and twenty children, both sexes 4 to 10 years of age were selected. They are divided in two groups: 4-6 years and 7-10 years. For gingival index, the criteria based on SCHOUR & MASSLER, 1947, were used. To obtain the total data of the studied conditions, a simplification of the total index was performed. For the ages 4 to 6 years, we selected labial surfaces of the 54, 61, 75, 82. For the ages 7 to 10 years, we added the labial surfaces of 26 and 46. The means for the total and simplified index were obtained for each age group sex. The data were analysed by Pearson's correlation coefficient and linear regression. In both dentitions, the simplified index showed significant correlation with the total index.
Assuntos
Gengivite/epidemiologia , Índice Periodontal , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Dentição Mista , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Dente DecíduoAssuntos
Erupção Dentária , Dente Decíduo , Brasil , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , MasculinoAssuntos
Freio Labial/anatomia & histologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Diastema , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Dente DecíduoAssuntos
Índice CPO , Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Indígenas Sul-Americanos , Brasil , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Dentição Mista , Dieta , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Dente DecíduoAssuntos
Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Fluoretação , Fluorose Dentária , Adolescente , Brasil , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , MasculinoAssuntos
Fluorose Dentária/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Brasil , Criança , Feminino , Fluoretação , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
Propionyl CoA carboxylase deficiency was found in a 7-month-old boy who presented with attacks of vomiting, anorexia, weight loss, weakness, and hypotonia. He failed to thrive and had generalized seizures. He had propionic acidemia and hyperglycinemia; these are the manifestations of the ketotic hyperglycinemia syndrome. However, ketonuria was not a consistent part of his clinical picture, and he had at least two episodes of acute overwhelming illness, the latter one fatal, in which ketones were never found in the urine. Large amounts of pyrrolidone carboxylic acid were found in body fluids.