RESUMO
AIM: During the last three decades, fluoride varnishes have been recognised as effective strategies for caries prevention in the young-child population and have contributed to a decrease in its prevalence worldwide. The present study aimed to assess in vitro the level of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in human primary pulp fibroblasts (DPFs) of two NaF varnishes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four experimental assays were carried out (MTS, Mitotracker® system [mitochondrial function and morphology], Live/Dead®, and Comet) to assess the morphology, viability, and genotoxicity of two NaF varnishes (Duraphat® and Clinpro White®, both at two different concentrations). The essays were conducted on cultured pulp fibroblasts, grouped in four experimental and two control groups. Collected data were analysed by one-way ANOVA followed by the post hoc Bonferroni test. RESULTS: Some morphological changes of DPFs could be detected after the NaFVs stimulation. Most DPFs incubated in Duraphat (22.6 mg/L) maintained their morphological characteristics, except for a small decrease in cell size and shorter cytoplasmic projections (filopodia); DPFs treated with Clinpro White Varnish (22.6 mg/L) presented a morphology and size similar to the control group. DPFs exposed to Duraphat (113 mg/L) exhibited significant morphological alterations with considerable cell size increases and DPFs treated with Clinpro White Varnish (113 mg/L) showed a slight cell size increase without noticeable morphological anomalies. The Duraphat (22.6 mg/L) and Clinpro White Varnish (22.6 mg/L) groups promoted 31% and 35% cell proliferation, respectively, whereas DPFs proliferation with Duraphat (113 mg/L) decreased up to 59%, and cell proliferation with Clinpro White Varnish (113 mg/L) was similar to that of control. CONCLUSION: All tested varnishes induced changes in the fibroblastic mitochondria. In general, Duraphat was less biocompatible and caused a change in the number of mitochondria compared to Clinpro White Varnish.
Assuntos
Cárie Dentária , Fluoretos Tópicos , Cariostáticos/toxicidade , Esmalte Dentário , Fluoretos Tópicos/toxicidade , Humanos , Sódio , Fluoreto de Sódio/toxicidadeRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: ANO5-related myopathy is an important cause of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) and hyperCKemia. The main descriptions have emerged from European cohorts, and the burden of the disease worldwide is unclear. We provide a detailed characterization of a large Brazilian cohort of ANO5 patients. METHODS: A national cross-sectional study was conducted to describe clinical, histopathological, radiological, and molecular features of patients carrying recessive variants in ANO5. Correlation of clinical and genetic characteristics with different phenotypes was studied. RESULTS: Thirty-seven patients from 34 nonrelated families with recessive mutations of ANO5 were identified. The most common phenotype was LGMD, observed in 25 (67.5%) patients, followed by pseudometabolic presentation in 7 (18.9%) patients, isolated asymptomatic hyperCKemia in 4 (10.8%) patients, and distal myopathy in a single patient. Nine patients presented axial involvement, including one patient with isolated axial weakness. The most affected muscles according to MRI were the semimembranosus and gastrocnemius, but paraspinal and abdominal muscles, when studied, were involved in most patients. Fourteen variants in ANO5 were identified, and the c.191dupA was present in 19 (56%) families. Sex, years of disease, and the presence of loss-of-function variants were not associated with specific phenotypes. INTERPRETATION: We present the largest series of anoctaminopathy outside Europe. The most common European founder mutation c.191dupA was very frequent in our population. Gender, disease duration, and genotype did not determine the phenotype.
Assuntos
Anoctaminas/genética , Doenças Musculares/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Brasil , Criança , Estudos de Coortes , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Músculo Esquelético/diagnóstico por imagem , Músculo Esquelético/patologia , Doenças Musculares/diagnóstico por imagem , Distrofia Muscular do Cíngulo dos Membros , Mutação , Fenótipo , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The selectivity of various entomopathogens and one insecticide (chlorpyrifos = positive control) to Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) was evaluated in the laboratory, using the protocol established by the Working Group on "Pesticides and Beneficial Organisms" of the IOBC. The evaluated parameters were parasitism (%), adult emergence (%), and product repellency to the parasitoid when sprayed on host eggs prior to parasitism (free-choice and no-choice tests). Most of the studied entomopathogens (Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki, Bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai, Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Trichoderma harzianum) had no effects on biological parameters and were classified as harmless to T. pretiosum. Emergence of parasitoids (progeny viability) was reduced, but remained above 90%, when host eggs were sprayed with Baculovirus anticarsia prior to parasitism in the free-choice test, and B. anticarsia was therefore considered harmless. Chlorpyrifos (positive control) caused high adult parasitoid mortality in all bioassays. While T. pretiosum and the tested entomopathogens may be used simultaneously in integrated pest management programs, the use of chlorpyrifos should be avoided.
Assuntos
Himenópteros , Controle Biológico de Vetores , Animais , Bacillus thuringiensis , Baculoviridae , Beauveria , Clorpirifos , Metarhizium , TrichodermaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Corn has been from the prehispanic era, the most important feeding plant in the Mexican population, particularly in the most important sectors and in marginal areas. In this setting, enriching the product as flour implies an increase in its nutritional quality, especially because corn is the basic food. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of the consumption of corn flour enriched with 3% soybean, vitamins, and minerals on the growth and development of infants and preschool children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: experimental study lasting 10 months. The experimental group (n=195) received enriched corn flour whereas the control group (n=200) received non-enriched flour. The indicators were: nutritional status, mental and psychomotor development, and blood hemoglobin levels. RESULTS: in the total sample, there were no differences between the experimental group and the control group. However, there were improvements in the weight-to-height and weight-to-age indexes in the children consuming enriched flour and in children older than one year, who were the babies of indigenous women living in marginal areas. CONCLUSIONS: enriched corn flour appears to be an alternative benefitting the children population with higher nutritional deficiencies. However, a longer intervention is necessary to obtain better results.
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Alimentos Fortificados/estatística & dados numéricos , Zea mays , Estatura/fisiologia , Peso Corporal/fisiologia , Desenvolvimento Infantil , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Farinha , Crescimento/fisiologia , Hemoglobinas/análise , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , México , Minerais , Estado Nutricional , Desempenho Psicomotor/fisiologia , População Rural , Glycine max , VitaminasRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Propose a new experimental model of bladder instability in rabbits after partial bladder obstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty North Folk male rabbits, weighting 1,700 to 2,820 g (mean: 2,162 g) were studied. The animals were distributed in 2 experimental groups, formed by 15 rabbits each: Group 1 - clinical control. In this group there was no surgical intervention; Group 2 - bladder outlet obstruction. In this group, after anesthetizing the animal, urethral cannulation with Foley catheter 10F was performed and then an adjustable plastic bracelet was passed around the bladder neck. It was then adjusted in order to not constrict the urethra. The following parameters were studied in M1 - pre-operative period; M2 - 4 weeks post-operatively moments: 1)- urine culture; 2)- cystometric study; 3)- serum creatinine and BUN. RESULTS: Bladder weight was 2.5 times larger in the group with obstruction than in the control group. Cystometric evaluation showed a significant increase in maximal vesical volume in the final moment at Group G2. However, there was no statistically significant difference among the groups studied. There was no statistically significant difference between maximal detrusor pressure and vesical compliance in the different moments or in the studied groups. There was an absence of uninhibited detrusor contractions in all the animals in group 1, and involuntary contractions were detected in 93 percent of group 2 animals. There was no significant variation in BUN and serum creatinine either among the groups or in the same group. CONCLUSIONS: We observed in the group with obstruction a bladder weight 2.5 higher than normal bladders. We detected involuntary contractions in 93 percent of the animals in group 2, establishing this experimental model as appropriate to secondary bladder instability and partial bladder outlet obstruction
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OBJECTIVE: Propose a new experimental model of bladder instability in rabbits after partial bladder obstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty North Folk male rabbits, weighting 1,700 to 2,820 g (mean: 2,162 g) were studied. The animals were distributed in 2 experimental groups, formed by 15 rabbits each: Group 1 - clinical control. In this group there was no surgical intervention; Group 2 - bladder outlet obstruction. In this group, after anesthetizing the animal, urethral cannulation with Foley catheter 10F was performed and then an adjustable plastic bracelet was passed around the bladder neck. It was then adjusted in order to not constrict the urethra. The following parameters were studied in M1 - pre-operative period; M2 - 4 weeks post-operatively moments: 1)- urine culture; 2)- cystometric study; 3)- serum creatinine and BUN. RESULTS: Bladder weight was 2.5 times larger in the group with obstruction than in the control group. Cystometric evaluation showed a significant increase in maximal vesical volume in the final moment at Group G2. However, there was no statistically significant difference among the groups studied. There was no statistically significant difference between maximal detrusor pressure and vesical compliance in the different moments or in the studied groups. There was an absence of uninhibited detrusor contractions in all the animals in group 1, and involuntary contractions were detected in 93% of group 2 animals. There was no significant variation in BUN and serum creatinine either among the groups or in the same group. CONCLUSIONS: We observed in the group with obstruction a bladder weight 2.5 higher than normal bladders. We detected involuntary contractions in 93% of the animals in group 2, establishing this experimental model as appropriate to secondary bladder instability and partial bladder outlet obstruction.
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OBJECTIVE: This study examined the relationships of dissociation and childhood trauma with ataque de nervios. METHOD: Forty Puerto Rican psychiatric outpatients were evaluated for frequency of ataque de nervios, dissociative symptoms, exposure to trauma, and mood and anxiety psychopathology. Blind conditions were maintained across assessments. Data for 29 female patients were analyzed. RESULTS: Among these 29 patients, clinician-rated dissociative symptoms increased with frequency of ataque de nervios. Dissociative Experiences Scale scores and diagnoses of panic disorder and dissociative disorders were also associated with ataque frequency, before corrections were made for multiple comparisons. The rate of childhood trauma was uniformly high among the patients and showed no relationship to dissociative symptoms and disorder or number of ataques. CONCLUSIONS: Frequent ataques de nervios may, in part, be a marker for psychiatric disorders characterized by dissociative symptoms. Childhood trauma per se did not account for ataque status in this group of female outpatients.
Assuntos
Maus-Tratos Infantis/estatística & dados numéricos , Transtornos Dissociativos/diagnóstico , Hispânico ou Latino/psicologia , Transtornos Mentais/diagnóstico , Adulto , Assistência Ambulatorial , Criança , Maus-Tratos Infantis/psicologia , Comorbidade , Cultura , Transtornos Dissociativos/epidemiologia , Transtornos Dissociativos/psicologia , Feminino , Hispânico ou Latino/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Acontecimentos que Mudam a Vida , Modelos Lineares , Medicina Tradicional , Transtornos Mentais/classificação , Transtornos Mentais/epidemiologia , Transtorno de Pânico/diagnóstico , Transtorno de Pânico/epidemiologia , Transtorno de Pânico/psicologia , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Porto Rico/etnologia , Estados UnidosRESUMO
En este trabajo se presenta un listado de 356 especies vegetales con sus números de colección del Dr. Alfredo Carabot y colaboradores, recolectadas en diferentes zonas del estado Amazonas, enmarcado dentro del Proyecto intitulado "Búsqueda y Caracterización de Compuestos con Actividad Biológica en Plantas del Amazonas Venezolano", cuya finalidad es conocer la biodiversidad, unidades biogeográficas, relaciones filogenéticas y preparación de extractos
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Ecossistema , Etnobotânica , Árvores , Botânica , Farmacologia , VenezuelaRESUMO
Thirty-eight patients with scabies (21 males and 17 females) received oral ivermectin in two doses of 200 microg/kg at 7 days interval. Excellent results were achieved in 29 cases (76.34%), improvement in 6 (15.78%) and poor responses in 3 (7.88%). Tolerance was satisfactory-excellent in 32 patients (84.2%). The effectiveness and safety of the drug described in previous studies are confirmed by the present results.
Assuntos
Inseticidas/administração & dosagem , Ivermectina/administração & dosagem , Escabiose/tratamento farmacológico , Administração Oral , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Malacoplakia is a granulomatous inflammatory disorder clinically and ultrasonographically very similar to prostatic adenocarcinoma. Symptoms and physical findings are similar to prostatism and in half of the patients the differential diagnosis includes malignancy, mainly because of the presence of a hard nodule on digital rectal examination. Additionally, cases of malacoplakia can show hypoechoic nodes on transrectal ultrasound mimicking adenocarcinoma. We report a case of malacoplakia of the prostate with emphasis on its similarities and differences with prostate adenocarcinoma.
Assuntos
Malacoplasia/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Próstata/diagnóstico , Idoso , Biópsia por Agulha , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Malacoplasia/patologia , Masculino , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologiaRESUMO
Os autores estudaram retrospectivamente 89 pacientes submetidos a meniscectomia lateral parcial artroscópica, entre 1984 e 1993, selecionados segundo critérios de ausência de lesao ligamentar associada, ausência de sinais de degeneraçao articular confirmados quando realizada artroscopia, sem queixas anteriores relacionadas com a patologia meniscal lateral. Dos pacientes, 37 (41,57 por cento) foram avaliados segundo questionário e os 52 (58,43 por cento) restantes, analisados também clínica e radiograficamente. Foi realizada associaçao entre o tipo de lesao e evoluçao clínica. Encontraram pior evoluçao desde o início para volta às atividades pregressas nos casos em que a meniscectomia era mais abrangente, princippalmente da regiao do tendao poplíteo até o corno posterior, nas lesoes longitudinais com ressecçao de mais de 1/3 do menisco. Observaram clara piora de evoluçao clínica com o tempo de seguimento. O estudo radiográfico mostrou sinais incipientes de artrose lateral principalmente nos pacientes com maior seguimento e maior atividade física. O outro achado relacionado com pior evoluçao foi o aparecimento de amolecimento ou fissura cartilagínea no compartimento lateral, no momento da meniscectomia parcial artroscópica. Os autores concluíram que a meniscectomia lateral parcial pode apresentar evoluçao precocemente sintomática, principalmente nas lesoes longitudinais posteriores e extensas, em atletas de grande atividade, podendo piorar ao longo do tempo.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Meniscos Tibiais/cirurgia , Artroscopia , Seguimentos , Meniscos Tibiais , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Peak flow rate data (Qmax) are important for diagnosis of lower urinary tract obstruction. However, the lack of uroflowmetry studies in children, makes their interpretation difficult. With this aim, we studied 167 boys classified in four groups according to their age (G1: n = 48, 6-7 years; G2: n = 43, 8-9 years; G3: n = 37, 10-11 years; G4: n = 39, 12-14 years). We studied in all children, weight, height, body surface area, peak flow rate (Qmax) and the correspondant urinary volume (Vol). Means and standard deviations of Qmax (ml/sec) were: 15 +/- 5 (G1), 15 +/- 5 (G2), 17 +/- 5 (G3) and 22 +/- 7 (G4) respectively. Corresponding urinary volumes (Vol) (mean standard deviation-in ml) were: G1 = 123 +/- 75; G2 = 122 +/- 79; G3 = 158 +/- 96 and G4 = 162 +/- 101. We found a significant correlation (p < 0,01) between Qmax and Vol in groups G2, G3 and G4; and between Qmax and height in groups G1 and G4. The authors demonstrated a positive correlation between maximum flow and voided volume, and an increase of Qmax with age.
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Urina , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Estatura , Superfície Corporal , Criança , Humanos , Masculino , Valores de ReferênciaRESUMO
We studied the role of bacterial endocarditis in the development of aortic valve stenosis. A femoral arterio venous shunt was performed in nine dogs with the method previously proposed by Lillehei. We induced bacteremic infection with the administration of streptococcus mitis (1 x 10(10)) 10 ml once a day for 15 days these bacterium were sensible to penicillin. All dogs were treated with 1,000,000 U of benzatinic penicillin and sacrificed between 28-102 days after the bacterial inoculation ended. In one dog we observed bacterial endocarditis in the mitral and aortic valves and in other three dogs there was an aortic valve stenosis with calcium deposits in the body and in the free edges of the aortic valve with evident irregular stenosis as seen in man.
Assuntos
Estenose da Valva Aórtica/etiologia , Calcinose/etiologia , Endocardite Bacteriana/complicações , Infecções Estreptocócicas/complicações , Streptococcus pyogenes , Animais , Valva Aórtica/patologia , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/patologia , Bacteriemia/complicações , Bacteriemia/tratamento farmacológico , Bacteriemia/patologia , Calcinose/patologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Cães , Endocardite Bacteriana/tratamento farmacológico , Endocardite Bacteriana/patologia , Feminino , Masculino , Penicilina G Benzatina/uso terapêutico , Infecções Estreptocócicas/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Estreptocócicas/patologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
A 20 ratas Sprague-Dawley se les indujo pancreatitis aguda con el modelo del asa duodenal cerrada, previamente estandarizado. Precozmente, pero una vez establecida la pancreatitis aguda, se efectuó descompresión del árbol biliar. A las 24 h se obtuvieron muestras para estudios serológicos, hematológicos y anatomopatológico. Los resultados revelaron un curso más benigno de esta enfermedad en relación al modelo sin descompresión
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Animais , Ratos , Pancreatite/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos OperatóriosRESUMO
A espasticidade, manifestacao clinica que acompanha grande parte das sindromes medulares e supra-medulares motoras, pode ser um fator agravante da incapacidade resultante da propria doenca, necessitando assim, de um tratamento especifico. Onze pacientes portadores de lesao medular, com espasticidade grave e incapacitante, foram submetidos a terapia anti-espastica com Baclofen (cinco pacientes), dose: 50 mg/dia e Diazepam (seis pacientes), dose 20 mg/dia. A latencia do reflexo "H" foi medida antes e apos 15 dias de uso da medicacao. Nao houveram alteracoes significativas do tempo de latencia medido antes e depois do uso da medicacao. A latencia do reflexo "H" nao e um metodo adequado para se verificar a eficacia do tratamento medicamentoso anti-espastico nas lesoes medulares.
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Humanos , Masculino , Baclofeno/farmacologia , Diazepam/farmacologia , Reflexo H/efeitos dos fármacos , Espasticidade Muscular/etiologia , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/complicações , Espasticidade Muscular/fisiopatologia , Tempo de Reação , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
The relationship between HLA phenotype and leprosy classification was studied in 73 unrelated patients and 92 healthy controls from a mixed Negroid-Caucasoid population originating from Surinam, South America. Heterogeneity in the distribution of HLA-DR (but not A, B, and C) was detected between tuberculoid (TT* + BT*) leprosy and lepromatous (BL* + LL*) leprosy patients (p = 0.024). This heterogeneity appeared to be caused almost exclusively by DR3. Most significantly, the frequency of DR3 was increased among polar tuberculoid (TT) leprosy patients as compared to the rest of the patients (p = 0.0003). Compared with healthy controls the frequency of DR3 was increased among TT patients (p = 0.006), unchanged in BT patients, and decreased among lepromatous (BL + LL) patients (p = 0.027). These data indicate that in this population an DR3-associated factor controls the type of the disease that develops after infection with Mycobacterium leprae.