RESUMO

Background: In Brazil, transgender people over the age of 60 face high vulnerability and discrimination. Objective: The study aimed to identify the social representations (SR) of old age among middle-aged and elderly Brazilian transsexual women. Method:This is a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study made up of 20 transexual women aged 45 or over (M = 53.4; SD =5.05). Due to the context of the pandemic, the research wascarried out using an online questionnaire for participants fromall over Brazil. Two instruments were used for data collection:I) a sociodemographic questionnaire and II) a semi-structured interview. Two pieces of software were used to analyze the data. Initially, the data from the sociodemographic questionnaire was analyzed using SPSS and then the semi-structured interviews were analyzed using IRaMuTeQ using the Descending Hierarchical Classification (DHC). Results: The results pointedmainly to issues of trans aging, the challenges faced by society, as well as the loneliness of trans women and their respective invisibility. Conclusion: From the research, it was possible to conclude that the SRs show that trans old age lacks visibility insociety, and there is still a need to change stigmas in relation toageing. Keywords: Old age LGBT; Vulnerability; Trans Old Age; Social Representations.

Antecedentes: en Brasil, las personas transexuales mayores de 60 años enfrentan alta vulnerabilidad y discriminación. Objetivo: el estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar las representaciones sociales (RS) de la vejez entre mujeres transexuales brasileñas de mediana y avanzada edad. Método: se trata de un estudiocualitativo, exploratorio y descriptivo, compuesto por 20 mujeres transexuales de 45 años o más (M = 53.4; DE = 5.05). Debido al contexto de la pandemia, la investigación se realizó por medio de un cuestionario online para participantes de todo Brasil. Seutilizaron dos instrumentos para la recogida de datos: I) un cuestionario sociodemográfico y II) una entrevista semiestructurada. Se utilizaron dos programas informáticos para analizar los datos. Inicialmente, los datos del cuestionario sociodemográfico se analizaron con el SPSS y, a continuación, las entrevistas semiestructuradas se analizaron con el IRaMuTeQ utilizando la Clasificación Jerárquica Descendente (DHC). Resultados: los resultados apuntaron principalmente a las cuestiones del envejecimiento trans, los desafíos enfrentados porla sociedad, así como la soledad de las mujeres trans y surespectiva invisibilidad. Conclusión: a partir de la investigación, fue posible concluir que las RS muestran que la vejez trans carecede visibilidad en la sociedad, y que aún es necesario cambiar los estigmas en relación con el envejecimiento. Palabras clave: vejez LGBT; vulnerabilidad; vejez trans; representaciones sociales.

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To verify whether nursing and medical students take measures regarding their cardiovascular health and the associated risk factors. METHOD: Cross-sectional study, online data collection with 413 students in February and March 2021, using specific and validated instruments. Kruskal-Wallis, chi-square and logistic regression were adopted for statistical analyses. RESULTS: 73.3% self-reported that they were healthy. We identified a higher risk for developing cardiovascular diseases in sedentary students (OR = 38.6, p < 0.001), with irregular adherence to physical activity (OR = 16.2, p < 0.001) and with a higher level of perceived stress (OR = 1.12, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Students who take action to promote cardiovascular health showed lower risk compared to those who did not. If students do not value their own health during the education process, this may interfere with their professional performance after graduation.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Objetivo: Avaliar a eficiência dos diferentes métodos de ensino de Suporte Básico de Vida (SBV) para estudantes leigos a partir dos 12 anos de idade. Métodos: Realizou-se busca por artigos nas plataformas MEDLINE/PubMed e Lilacs/BVS, entre dezembro de 2021 e janeiro de 2022, para responder à questão norteadora "Qual a efetividade dos diferentes métodos de ensino de ressuscitação cardiopulmonar para crianças e adolescentes?". Incluíram-se artigos publicados nos últimos cinco anos, nos idiomas inglês e português. Resultados: Sete artigos abordaram os métodos de ensino: aprendizagem autorregulada, treinamento dos professores seguido dos estudantes, educação em pares; ensino online associado ao autotreinamento prático, ensino à distância, treinamento digital somado à prática, e uso de aplicativo por meio de um tabletcom posterior avaliação. Em todos os estudos houve comparação da intervenção com o treinamento convencional. De forma geral, todos os métodos de ensino contribuíram para desenvolver a habilidade de agir em situações de trauma, mas as estratégias que envolviam a presença de instrutores nos treinamentos mostraram melhores resultados, a curto e longo prazo. Conclusão: O presente estudo verificou os achados na literatura a respeito da eficácia de diferentes métodos de ensino de SBV para crianças e adolescentes. Dentre todas as abordagens observou-se melhor desempenho nos métodos que contaram com a presença de instrutores, os quais ofertaram feedback aos alunos e diminuíram as distrações. Porém, o ensino digital, o autorregulado e o aos pares também se mostraram viáveis. Logo, a escolha do método deve se pautar na realidade do público-alvo

Objective: To evaluate the efficiency of different teaching methods of Basic Life Support for lay students from 12 years of age.Methods: A search was carried out for articles on the MEDLINE/PubMed and Lilacs/BVS platforms between December 2021 and January 2022 to answer the guiding question, "How effective are the different teaching methods of cardiopulmonary resuscitation for children and adolescents?".Articles published in English and Portuguese in the last five years were included.Results: Seven articles addressed teaching methods: self-regulated learning, training of teachers followed by students, peer education, online teaching associated with practical self-training, distance learning, digital training added to practice, and application use through a tablet with subsequent evaluation.In all studies, there was a comparison between intervention and conventional training.Generally, all teaching methods contributed to developing the ability to act in trauma situations, but strategies that involved the presence of instructors in training showed better short- and long-term results.Conclusion: this study verified the findings in the literature regarding the effectiveness of different BLS teaching methods for children and adolescents.Among all approaches, better performance was observed in methods that had the presence of instructors, who offered feedback to students and reduced distractions. However, digital, self-r egulated, and peer teaching also proved viable.Therefore, the choice of method should be based on the target audience's reality

Assuntos

RESUMO

Esse estudo teve como objetivo identificar e compreender as representações sociais da velhice LGBTI entre pessoas adultas de uma comunidade rural litorânea. Contou-se com a participação de 31 pessoas, majoritariamente mulheres (65%), heterossexuais (97%), católicos (97%), pescadores (42%), com idade média de 48 anos. Realizou-se entrevistas semiestruturadas, analisadas no software IRaMuTeQ, versão 0.7 alpha 2, pelo método de Classificação Hierárquica Descendente. Identificou-se representações dicotômicas acerca dos construtos estudados, que carregam indícios de preconceito sutil direcionado a idosos LGBTI's, bem como, uma compreensão biologizante do envelhecimento. Discutiu-se os resultados, corroborando e/ou os contrapondo com estudos anteriores. É esperado que este estudo contribua para o desenvolvimento de investigações futuras, e para a criação e implementação de políticas públicas direcionadas a essa população.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar y comprender las representaciones sociales de la vejez LGBTI entre adultos en una comunidad rural costera. Hubo 31 personas, en su mayoría mujeres (65%), heterosexuales (97%), católicos (97%), pescadores (42%), con una edad promedio de 48 años. Se llevaron a cabo entrevistas semiestructuradas, analizadas con el software IRaMuTeQ, versión 0.7 alpha 2, con el método de Clasificación jerárquica descendente. Se identificaron representaciones dicotómicas sobre los constructos estudiados, que muestran signos de prejuicios sutiles dirigidos a las personas mayores de LGBTI, así como una comprensión biologizante del envejecimiento. Los resultados fueron discutidos, corroborando y / o contrastando con estudios previos. Se espera que este estudio contribuya al desarrollo de investigaciones futuras y a la creación e implementación de políticas públicas dirigidas a esta población.

This study aimed to identify and understand the social representations of LGBTI old age among adults in a coastal rural community. There were 31 people, mostly women (65%), heterosexuals (97%), Catholics (97%), fishermen (42%), with an average age of 48 years. Semi-structured interviews were carried out, analyzed using the IRaMuTeQ software, version 0.7 alpha 2, using the Descending Hierarchical Classification method. Dichotomous representations about the studied constructs were identified, which bear signs of subtle prejudice directed at LGBTI's elderly people, as well as a biologizing understanding of aging. The results were discussed, corroborating and / or contrasting them with previous studies. It is expected that this study will contribute to the development of future research, and to the creation and implementation of public policies aimed at this population.

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To assess the variations in power performance and perceptual training responses and compare the physical performance of national boxing athletes qualified or not qualified for the Tokyo Olympic Games over a 7-month training period. METHODS: Twelve amateur boxers from the Brazilian national team were tested 6 times across 7 months. In the first assessment, boxers performed squat and countermovement jumps and bench press, prone bench pull, half squat, and jump squat power tests. In the following testing sessions, only countermovement jump and bench press power were assessed. In addition, the rating of perceived exertion and total quality recovery status were assessed in 106 training sessions across the study. Independent t test and repeated-measures analysis of variance were used for data analysis purposes. RESULTS: No significant differences (P > .05) were observed between Olympic and non-Olympic groups for any test variables (effect size [95% CI] ranging from 0.01 [-1.13 to 1.13] to 0.69 [-0.53 to 1.79]). No significant changes (P > .05) were detected throughout the study for countermovement jump height and bench press power in either group (effect size [95% CI] ranging from 0.01 [-1.13 to 1.13] to 1.03 [-0.25 to 2.14]). Overall, both groups exhibited similar variations in both rating of perceived exertion and total quality recovery over the 7-month period. CONCLUSIONS: Within the same national team, power-related performance was similar between Olympic and non-Olympic boxers. The maintenance of power abilities and optimization of technical and tactical skills seem to be key issues to consider during the final stages of preparation for international boxing competitions.

Assuntos

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify whether nursing and medical students take measures regarding their cardiovascular health and the associated risk factors. Method: Cross-sectional study, online data collection with 413 students in February and March 2021, using specific and validated instruments. Kruskal-Wallis, chi-square and logistic regression were adopted for statistical analyses. Results: 73.3% self-reported that they were healthy. We identified a higher risk for developing cardiovascular diseases in sedentary students (OR = 38.6, p < 0.001), with irregular adherence to physical activity (OR = 16.2, p < 0.001) and with a higher level of perceived stress (OR = 1.12, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Students who take action to promote cardiovascular health showed lower risk compared to those who did not. If students do not value their own health during the education process, this may interfere with their professional performance after graduation.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Verificar si estudiantes de enfermería y medicina toman medidas de salud cardiovasculares y los factores de riesgo asociados. Método: Estudio transversal, recolección de datos online con 413 estudiantes durante febrero y marzo de 2021, utilizando instrumentos específicos y validados. Para análisis estadísticos se adoptaron Kruskal-Wallis, chi-cuadrado y regresión logística. Resultados: El 73,3% autodeclaró estar sano. Se identificó mayor riesgo de desarrollar enfermedades cardiovasculares en estudiantes sedentarios (OR = 38,6, p < 0,001), con adherencia irregular a la actividad física (OR = 16,2, p < 0,001) y con mayor nivel de estrés percibido (OR = 1,12, p < 0,001). Conclusión: Los estudiantes que desarrollaban alguna acción para promover la salud cardiovascular presentaron menor riesgo en comparación con los que no lo hacían. En esta situación, el hecho de no valorar su propia salud durante el proceso de formación puede interferir en el desempeño profesional del estudiante después de su formación.

RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar a realização de medidas para a saúde cardiovascular entre estudantes de enfermagem e medicina e fatores de risco associados. Método: Estudo transversal, coleta de dados com 413 estudantes de forma online durante os meses de fevereiro e março de 2021, utilizando instrumentos específicos e validados. Kruskal-Wallis, qui-quadrado e regressão logística foram adotados como análise estatística. Resultados: 73,3% se autodeclaram saudáveis. Identificou-se maior risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares em estudantes sedentários (OR = 38,6, p < 0,001), com adesão irregular à atividade física (OR = 16,2, p < 0,001) e com maior nível de estresse percebido (OR = 1,12, p < 0,001). Conclusão: Os estudantes que desenvolviam alguma ação para promoção da saúde cardiovascular apresentaram menor risco em comparação àqueles que não desenvolviam nenhuma ação, nessa situação, o estudante que não valoriza a própria saúde,pode interferir na atuação profissional após a formação.

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of co-debriefing with debriefing with a facilitator in the development of clinical competences in nursing students in the simulated care of cardiac arrest. METHOD: Randomized pilot study, carried out at a university in Minas Gerais, Brazil, in August 2021, with 17 students, to compare debriefing with a facilitator (control n=8) with co-debriefing (intervention n=9). Pre- and post-test, Objective Structured Clinical Examination and scales were used to assess behavioral skills. Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney nonparametric comparison tests were used for analysis. RESULTS: The intervention group performed better than the control for knowledge about basic life support (control=17.00±2.39 and intervention=19.22 ± 0.66, p=0.021) and psychomotor skills (control=8.12±0.13 and intervention=8.50 ± 0.001, p<0.001). There were no significant differences for behavioral skills. CONCLUSION: Co-debriefing appears to be more effective than debriefing with a facilitator to develop clinical skills in basic life support in nursing.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Objetivo: identificar a efetividade da simulação clínica baseada na aprendizagem experiencial, como referencial teórico-metodológico, em comparação com diferentes estratégias pedagógicas no ensino em enfermagem. Método: revisão sistemática, realizada nas fontes Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online; Scopus, Web of Science, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literaturee Educational Resources Information Center. Utilizou-se instrumentos de avaliação do percuso metodológico. Resultados: identificaram-se 268 estudos, e quatro compuseram a amostra. Comparou-se a aprendizagem experiencial na simulação com o estudo de caso; aula expositiva; resolução de problemas e a simulação sem referencial. Os estudos obtiveram boa qualidade pelo instrumento do JBI e moderada pelo Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument. Conclusão: a aprendizagem experiencial sinaliza efetividade para o ensino em enfermagem baseado em simulação.

Objective: to identify the effectiveness of clinical simulation based on experiential learning, as a theoretical-methodological framework, in comparison with different pedagogical strategies in nursing education. Method: systematic review, performed in the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online sources; Scopus, Web of Science, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Educational Resources Information Center. Instruments for evaluating the methodological path were used. Results: 268 studies were identified, and four composed the sample. Experiential learning, in simulation, was compared with the case study; expository class; problem solving and benchmarkless simulation. The studies obtained good quality by the instrument of JBI and moderated by the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument. Conclusion: experiential learning signals effectiveness for simulation-based nursing education.

Objetivo: identificar la efectividad de la simulación clínica basada en el aprendizaje experiencial, como marco teórico-metodológico, en comparación con diferentes estrategias pedagógicas en la educación en enfermería. Método: revisión sistemática, realizada en las fuentes Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online; Scopus, Web of Science, Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literaturey Educational Resources Information Center. Se utilizaron instrumentos para evaluar la trayectoria metodológica. Resultados: identificaron 268 estudios, y cuatro compusieron la muestra. El aprendizaje experiencial se comparó con estudio de caso; clase expositiva; resolución de problemas y simulación sin referencia. Los estudios obtuvieron buena calidad por el instrumento del JBI y moderados por el Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument. Conclusión: el aprendizaje experiencial señala la eficacia de la educación en enfermería basada en simulación.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Abstract Background: The number of elderly people in the world is growing significantly, so there is an urgent need to ensure that this population can live a full life, especially taking into account the current COVID-19 pandemic scenario. Objective: To analyze the social representations of LGBT old age for male and female sex workers through the pandemic. Method: A qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory research conducted with 10 male and 10 female sex workers aged between 18 and 48. Sociodemographic questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were administered using Google Forms and then analyzed by descending hierarchical classification through the IRaMuTeQ software. Results: The analysis showed three classes: (1) «Social understanding of the topic LGBT old age,¼ (2) «Stigma of genders and sexual orientations,¼ and (3) «Physical transformations and their accompanying obstacles¼. Conclusions: The representations are associated with the difficulties that elderly people have with aging in society, as well as debating LGBT old age. There are also greater obstacles regarding aging of female sex workers. In this way, the study seeks to contribute to broaden the knowledge of the psychosocial aspects of LGBT aging and old age, especially those of sex workers.

Resumen Antecedentes: el número de personas mayores en el mundo está creciendo significativamente, por lo que urge la necesidad de asegurar que esta población pueda vivir una vida plena, especialmente, teniendo en cuenta el actual escenario pandémico de COVID-19. Objetivo: analizar las representaciones sociales de la vejez LGBT para los trabajadores del sexo masculino y femenino frente a la pandemia. Método: se trata de una investigación cualitativa, descriptiva y exploratoria. Participaron 10 hombres y 10 mujeres, de entre 18 y 48 años, todos profesionales del sexo. Se utilizaron cuestionarios sociodemográficos y entrevistas semiestructuradas, realizadas mediante Google Forms y posteriormente analizadas mediante el método de Clasificación Jerárquica Descendente, en el software IRaMuTeQ. Resultados: los análisis presentaron tres clases: (1) la comprensión social del tema de la vejez LGBT, (2) los estigmas sobre los géneros y las orientaciones sexuales y (3) los cambios físicos y los obstáculos que vienen con ellos. Conclusiones: las representaciones están asociadas a las dificultades que tienen las personas mayores para envejecer en sociedad, así como para debatir sobre la vejez LGBT. También existen obstáculos aún mayores para el envejecimiento de las mujeres profesionales del sexo. Así, el estudio anhela contribuir a la ampliación del conocimiento de los aspectos psicosociales de la vejez LGBT, en especial de los profesionales del sexo.

RESUMO

Objetivo. O presente artigo objetivou comparar as representações sociais (RS) entre grupos de homens gays e heterossexuais sobre os comportamentos sexuais face ao isolamento social decorrente da pandemia da Covid-19. Método. Participaram 200 homens (100 heterossexuais e 100 homossexuais), com médias de idade de 27,06 e 28,12, respectivamente. Utilizou-se um formulário sociodemográfico on-line e uma entrevista semiestruturada com duas perguntas disparadoras para apreensão das RS. Os dados foram analisados pelo software IRAMUTEQ. Resultados. Verificou-se similaridades em ambos os grupos quanto a vida sexual ativa e uso de tecnologias para Sexting e acesso a pornografia. Entretanto, os homossexuais divergem na estrutura representacional ao buscarem estas estratégias compensatórias em maior quantidade, em razão de relacionamentos com pouca duração e/ou pouca união estável. Conclui-se que o distanciamento físico desvela intercorrências heterogêneas à vida afetivo-sexual nessa nova realidade social.

Objective. This article aimed to compare the social representations between groups of gay and heterosexual men about sexual behavior as a result of social isolation from the Covid-19 pandemic. Method. 200 men participated (100 heterosexuals and 100 homosexuals) with average age of 27.06 and 28.12, respectively. A sociodemographic questionnaire was used for sample characterization and a semi-structured interview for the apprehension of SR, with data processed by the IRAMUTEQ software. Results. Similarities were found in both groups in terms of active sex life and the use of technologies for sexing and access to pornography. However, homosexuals diverge in the representational structure when seeking greater compensatory strategies for having more stable civic states. It is concluded that physical distance reveals heterogeneous intercurrences to affective-sexual life in this new social reality.

RESUMO

The fermented beverage industry is always pursuing alternatives to make products that delight consumers with special or unique characteristics. The identification and improvement of new yeast strains emerge as an opportunity; however, wild strains usually have a limitation in maltose fermentation and/or off-flavors production. Here we report the production of a Blond-style ale beer using a bioethanol isolated strain (LBGA-287) with flavor complexity approved in sensorial panels. LBGA-287 also showed an increase in maltose consumption, growth and fermentation rates when compared to the commercial yeast. Using qPCR analysis, genes related to the (i) efficiency of fermentation (ii) production of aromas/off-flavors, and (iii) metabolization of carbohydrates were found as differentially expressed in the isolated strains when compared to industrial yeast. This suggests that LBGA-287 could have an important impact on beer production, improving brewing efficiency, quality and diversity of this beverage, and most importantly satisfying the final consumer.

Assuntos

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objective To compare the effectiveness of co-debriefing with debriefing with a facilitator in the development of clinical competences in nursing students in the simulated care of cardiac arrest. Method Randomized pilot study, carried out at a university in Minas Gerais, Brazil, in August 2021, with 17 students, to compare debriefing with a facilitator (control n=8) with co-debriefing (intervention n=9). Pre- and post-test, Objective Structured Clinical Examination and scales were used to assess behavioral skills. Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney nonparametric comparison tests were used for analysis. Results The intervention group performed better than the control for knowledge about basic life support (control=17.00±2.39 and intervention=19.22 ± 0.66, p=0.021) and psychomotor skills (control=8.12±0.13 and intervention=8.50 ± 0.001, p<0.001). There were no significant differences for behavioral skills. Conclusion Co-debriefing appears to be more effective than debriefing with a facilitator to develop clinical skills in basic life support in nursing.

RESUMEN Objetivo Comparar la efectividad del co-debriefing con el debriefing con facilitador en el desarrollo de competencias clínicas en estudiantes de enfermería en el cuidado simulado de parada cardiaca. Método Estudio piloto aleatorizado, realizado en una universidad de Minas Gerais, Brasil, en agosto de 2021, con 17 estudiantes, para comparar el debriefing con un facilitador (control n=8) con el co-debriefing (intervención n=9). Se utilizaron pruebas previas y posteriores, examen clínico objetivo estructurado y escalas para evaluar las habilidades conductuales. Para el análisis se utilizaron las pruebas de comparación no paramétrica de Wilcoxon y Mann-whitney. Resultados El grupo intervención se desempeñó mejor que el control en conocimientos sobre soporte vital básico (control=17,00±2,39 e intervención=19,22 ± 0,66, p=0,021) y psicomotricidad (control=8, 12±0,13 e intervención=8,50 ± 0,001, p <0,001). No hubo diferencias significativas para las habilidades conductuales. Conclusión El co-debriefing parece ser más efectivo que el debriefing con un facilitador para desarrollar habilidades clínicas en soporte vital básico en enfermería.

RESUMO Objetivo Comparar a efetividade entre co-debriefing com debriefing com facilitador no desenvolvimento de competências clínicas em estudantes de enfermagem no atendimento simulado da parada cardiorrespiratória. Método Estudo-piloto randomizado, realizado em uma universidade de Minas Gerais, Brasil, em agosto de 2021 com 17 estudantes, para comparar o debriefing com um facilitador (controle n=8) e com o co-debriefing (intervenção n=9). Utilizaram-se pré e pós-teste, Exame Clínico Objetivo Estruturado e escalas para avaliar as habilidades comportamentais. Adotaram-se testes de comparação não paramétricos Wilcoxon e Mann-whitney para análise. Resultados O grupo intervenção obteve desempenho superior ao controle para o conhecimento sobre o suporte básico de vida (controle=17,00±2,39 e intervenção=19,22 ± 0,66, p=0,021) e habilidades psicomotoras (controle=8,12±0,13 e intervenção=8,50 ± 0,001, p<0,001). Não houve diferenças significativas para as habilidades comportamentais. Conclusão O co-debriefing parece ser mais efetivo do que o debriefing como um facilitador para desenvolver competências clínicas no suporte básico de vida em enfermagem.

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to examine changes in body mass (BM) and power-related measures in Olympic boxers during an official qualifying boxing tournament. Fourteen elite amateur boxers from the Brazilian National Team (eight men and six women) participated in this study. Athletes performed three fights in four days against the same opponent of the same weight-category. Before and immediately after every fight, BM, countermovement jump (CMJ) height, and power production in the bench-press and half-squat exercises were assessed in the same order and on the same time of the day. A two-way repeated-measures ANOVA with the Bonferroni post-hoc analysis was used to determine the variations between pre- and post-measures. The statistical significance was set as p < 0.05. The athletes were able to maintain their baseline weight and physical performance throughout the experimental period, as shown by the lack of significant changes in BM, CMJ height, and upper- and lower-limb power output. Throughout a four-day qualifying tournament, the BM and power-related performance of Olympic boxers were not affected either by match execution or by successive matches. As scoring actions are highly dependent on muscle power, it is likely that these combat athletes are able to maintain optimal levels of performance across consecutive matches.

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: to investigate the scientific evidence on the use of Bloom's taxonomy for developing competence in nursing professionals and students in clinical simulation. METHODS: integrative review of the National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Web of Science and SCOPUS databases, using the Rayyan application. RESULTS: a total of 871 studies were identified; four composed the sample. The development of clinical competence occurred through the coordination of knowledge, skills, and attitudes. To develop the cognitive domain, the objectives of knowledge and comprehension of the Bloom's taxonomy were mobilized. The psychomotor domain required development of the skills demanded by the proposed clinical care. The affective domain was developed through will and motivation to learn. CONCLUSIONS: it is possible to develop clinical competence in nursing by adopting Bloom's taxonomy in each phase of clinical simulation.

Assuntos

RESUMO

ABSTRACT: Loturco, I, Pereira, LA, Kobal, R, Fernandes, V, Reis, VP, Romano, F, Alves, M, Freitas, TT, and McGuigan, M. Transference effect of short-term optimum power load training on the punching impact of elite boxers. J Strength Cond Res 35(9): 2373-2378, 2021-This study examined the changes in bench press (BP), jump squat (JS), and half-squat (HS) power outputs induced by a short-term (1 week) training scheme based on the optimum power load (OPL) applied to national boxing athletes and measured the transference effect coefficient (TEC) of these exercises on punching impact. Eight elite boxing athletes from the Brazilian National team participated in this study. Athletes were tested before and after 3 power-oriented training sessions performed at the OPL. The physical assessments comprised punching impact measures (jabs and crosses) at fixed and self-selected distances, and bar-power output in BP, HS, and JS exercises. Magnitude-based differences were used to compare pre-training and post-training sessions. Transference effect coefficient was calculated as the ratio between the result gain in the "untrained exercises" (punching impact in jabs and crosses) and "trained exercises" (HS, JS, and BP), for variables presenting an effect size of at least 0.2. The OPL training elicited meaningful increases in the punching impact forces (∼8%) and in both JS and HS power outputs (∼12 and ∼14%, respectively), but not in BP power output. There was an effective transference (TEC = ∼0.80) of JS and HS performance gains to punching impact force, suggesting that increases in lower-limb power can be directly transferred to punching impact. These results provide coaches and practitioners with valuable information about how to rapidly and effectively increase the punching impact force of elite amateur boxers.

Assuntos

RESUMO

RESUMO Objetivo desenvolver e validar um roteiro para planejar e executar o debriefing oral orientado por único facilitador, na simulação clínica do Suporte Básico de Vida Método estudo metodológico, realizado em uma universidade pública do estado de São Paulo, Brasil, entre julho e novembro de 2020. Procedeu-se a síntese das evidências do roteiro por meio de revisão e sua validação com 16 juízes, adotando-se o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo Resultados identificaram-se 284 estudos e selecionaram-se cinco. Os conteúdos são: definição e objetivo do debriefing, características do instrutor; público-alvo; objetivos de aprendizagem; método de debriefing; recursos materiais; procedimento; tempo e referências. O roteiro atingiu Índice de Validade de Conteúdo de 0,95 Conclusão considerou-se o roteiro válido e capaz de contribuir com a pesquisa, assistência e ensino em enfermagem, por conduzir o planejamento e a execução do debriefing no Suporte Básico de Vida, e ser adaptável a outras realidades em saúde

RESUMEN Objetivo desarrollar y validar un guion para planificar y ejecutar el debriefing oral guiado por un único facilitador en la simulación clínica de Soporte Básico de Vida Método estudio metodológico, realizado en una universidad pública del estado de São Paulo, Brasil, entre julio y noviembre de 2020. Las pruebas del guion se sintetizaron mediante la revisión y validación con 16 jueces, utilizando el Índice de Validez de Contenido Resultados Se identificaron 284 estudios y se seleccionaron cinco. Los contenidos son: definición y propósito del debriefing, características del instructor; público objetivo; objetivos de aprendizaje; método de debriefing; recursos materiales; procedimiento; tiempo y referencias. El guion alcanzó un Índice de Validez de Contenido de 0,95 Conclusión el guion se consideró válido y capaz de contribuir a la investigación, la asistencia y la docencia en enfermería, ya que conduce a la planificación y ejecución del debriefing en Soporte Básico de Vida, y es adaptable a otras realidades de salud

ABSTRACT Objective to develop and validate a script to plan and execute the oral debriefing guided by a single facilitator in the clinical simulation of Basic Life Support Method methodological study, conducted at a public university in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, between July and November 2020. We proceeded to synthesize the evidence of the script through review and its validation with 16 judges, adopting the Content Validity Index Results 284 studies were identified and five were selected. The contents are definition and objective of the debriefing; characteristics of the instructor; target audience; learning objectives; debriefing method; material resources; procedure; time; and references. The script reached a Content Validity Index of 0.95 Conclusion the script was considered valid and capable of contributing to research, assistance and teaching in nursing, for conducting the planning and execution of debriefing in Basic Life Support and being adaptable to other health realities

RESUMO

Objetivo: Identificar as evidências científicas disponíveis na literatura sobre o uso de tecnologias digitais para o ensino e aprendizagem da ressuscitação cardiopulmonar. Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, SciELO e LILACS. Foram identificados 106 estudos e destes, apenas 8 compuseram a amostra. Resultados: As principais tecnologias identificadas e consideradas efetivas foram a simulação virtual, curso online, Telegram e HeartCode™, envolvendo as habilidades afetivas, cognitivas e psicomotoras. A simulação virtual foi a mais adotada e efetiva para desenvolver habilidades cognitivas, psicomotoras e afetivas. Conclusão: Este estudo contribui para a pesquisa, ensino e assistência por apresentar um arcabouço de evidências científicas quanto à articulação de tecnologias digitais e ensino da ressuscitação cardiopulmonar, expondo possibilidades pedagógicas digitais para as melhores práticas e desenvolvimento de habilidades cognitivas, psicomotoras e afetivas.

Objective: The aim was to identify the scientific evidence available in the literature on the use of digital technologies for the teaching and learning of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Method: Integrative literature review performed on the PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, SciELO and LILACS databases. One hundred six studies were identified and of these, only eight made up the sample. Results: The main technologies identified and considered effective were virtual simulators, online courses, Telegram and HeartCode™, involving affective, cognitive and psychomotor skills. Virtual simulation was the most adopted and effective for the development of cognitive, psychomotor and affective skills. Conclusion: This study contributes to research, teaching and care by presenting a framework of scientific evidence related to the articulation of digital technologies and the teaching of cardiopulmo-nary resuscitation, exposing digital pedagogical possibilities for the best practices and de-velopment of cognitive, psychomotor and affective skills.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Objetivo: Identificar as evidências científicas disponíveis na literatura sobre as habilidades necessárias ao desenvolvimento de competência clínica em Suporte Básico de Vida para enfermagem. Método: Revisão integrativa, nas fontes National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Web of Science e SCOPUS. Utilizou-se o Rayyan para a seleção e a Análise Temática. Resultados: Identificaram-se 753 estudos e cinco compuseram a amostra. Elaboraram-se duas categorias; habilidades cognitivas e psicomotoras para o Suporte Básico de Vida e as habilidades afetivas. Conclusão: As habilidades cognitivas e psicomotoras abordam, desde a capacidade de definir a parada cardiorrespiratória e compreender o Suporte Básico de Vida, até as ações necessárias ao atendimento. A literatura explora essa categoria, em detrimento às habilidades afetivas, uma lacuna científica, já que são essenciais para a qualidade da ressuscitação cardiopulmonar(AU)

Purpose: To identify the scientific evidence available in the literature on the skills needed to develop clinical competence in Basic Life Support for nursing. Method: Integrative review, in the sources National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Web of Science and SCOPUS. Rayyan was used for selection and Thematic Analysis. Results: 753 studies were identified and five comprised the sample. Two categories were elaborated; cognitive and psychomotor skills for Basic Life Support and affective skills. Conclusion: Cognitive and psychomotor skills range from the ability to define the cardiorespiratory arrest and understand the Basic Life Support, to the actions necessary for care. The literature explores this category, to the detriment of affective skills, a scientific gap, as they are essential for the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation(AU)

Objetivo: Identificar la evidencia científica disponible en la literatura sobre las habilidades necesarias para desarrollar la competencia clínica en Soporte Vital Básico para enfermería. Método: Revisión integrativa, en fuentes Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina (NLM), Institutos Nacionales de Salud (NIH), Índice Acumulado de Literatura de Enfermería y Afines en Salud (CINAHL), Literatura Latinoamericana y Caribe en Ciencias de Salud (LILACS), Web of Ciencia y SCOPUS. Rayyan se utilizó para selección y análisis temático. Resultados: Se identificaron 753 estudios y cinco conformaron la muestra. Se elaboraron dos categorías; Habilidades cognitivas y psicomotoras para soporte vital básico y habilidades afectivas. Conclusión: Las habilidades cognitivas y psicomotoras van desde la capacidad para definir el paro cardiorrespiratorio y comprender el Soporte Vital Básico, hasta las acciones necesarias para el cuidado. La literatura explora esta categoría, en detrimento de las habilidades afectivas, un vacío científico, ya que son fundamentales para la calidad de reanimación cardiopulmonar(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Objetivo: desenvolver e validar um roteiro para planejar e executar a primeira etapa da simulação clínica do Suporte Básico de Vida no adulto em parada cardiorrespiratória: a preparação e suas fases de pré-simulação e pré-briefing/briefing. Método: estudo metodológico realizado por meio de revisão integrativa com uma amostra de sete estudos primários. Após, realizou-se a validação de conteúdo, em junho de 2020, com 16 enfermeiros. Resultados: o roteiro foi composto por pré-simulação e pré-briefing/briefing e atingiu um Índice de Validade de Conteúdo total de 0,90. Conclusão: desenvolveu-se um roteiro que aborda título, tempo de execução, definição e objetivos da pré-simulação e pré-briefing/briefing, público-alvo, objetivos de aprendizagem, recursos materiais, procedimento e referências, considerado válido em seu conteúdo para planejar e executar a primeira etapa da simulação clínica do Suporte Básico de Vida no adulto, ou seja, a preparação.

Objective: to develop and validate a script to plan and execute the first stage of the clinical simulation of Basic Life Support in adults in cardiorespiratory arrest: the preparation and its pre-simulation and pre-briefing/ briefing phases. Method: methodological study performed through an integrative review with a sample of seven primary studies. Afterwards, content validation was carried out in June 2020 with 16 nurses. Results: the script consisted of pre-simulation and pre-briefing/briefing and achieved a total Content Validity Index of 0.90. Conclusion: a script was developed addressing the title, execution time, definition and objectives of the pre-simulation and pre-briefing/briefing, target audience, learning objectives, material resources, procedure and references, considered valid in its content to plan and execute the first stage of the clinical simulation of Basic Life Support in adults, that is, its preparation.

Objetivo: desarrollar y validar un guion para planificar y ejecutar la primera etapa de la simulación clínica de Soporte Vital Básico en adultos en paro cardiorrespiratorio: la preparación y sus fases de pre-simulación y pre-briefing/briefing. Método: estudio metodológico realizado mediante una revisión integradora con una muestra de siete estudios primarios. Subsiguientemente, se realizó la validación de contenido en junio de 2020 con 16 enfermeros. Resultados: el guion consistió en pre-simulación y pre-briefing/briefing y alcanzó un Índice de Validez de Contenido total de 0.90. Conclusión: se elaboró ​​un guion que aborda el título, tiempo de ejecución, definición y objetivos de la pre-simulación y pre-briefing/briefing, público destinatario, objetivos de aprendizaje, recursos materiales, procedimiento y referencias, considerado válido en su contenido para planificar y ejecutar la primera etapa de la simulación clínica de Soporte Vital Básico en adultos, es decir, su preparación.

Assuntos

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objectives: to investigate the scientific evidence on the use of Bloom's taxonomy for developing competence in nursing professionals and students in clinical simulation. Methods: integrative review of the National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Web of Science and SCOPUS databases, using the Rayyan application. Results: a total of 871 studies were identified; four composed the sample. The development of clinical competence occurred through the coordination of knowledge, skills, and attitudes. To develop the cognitive domain, the objectives of knowledge and comprehension of the Bloom's taxonomy were mobilized. The psychomotor domain required development of the skills demanded by the proposed clinical care. The affective domain was developed through will and motivation to learn. Conclusions: it is possible to develop clinical competence in nursing by adopting Bloom's taxonomy in each phase of clinical simulation.

RESUMEN Objetivos: investigar las evidencias científicas existentes sobre la utilización de la taxonomía de Bloom para el desarrollo de competencias en profesionales y estudiantes de enfermería usando la simulación clínica. Métodos: revisión integrativa en las bases National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS), Web of Science y SCOPUS con el apoyo del aplicativo Rayyan. Resultados: se identificaron 871 estudios, cuatro hicieron parte de la muestra. El desarrollo de competencia clínica se consiguió articulando conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes. Para desarrollar el dominio cognitivo, fueron movilizados los objetivos conocer y comprender de la taxonomía de Bloom. Para contemplar el dominio psicomotor, fue necesario desarrollar las habilidades determinadas en la atención clínica propuesta. El dominio afectivo fue desarrollado por el deseo y motivación para aprender. Conclusiones: es posible desarrollar competencia clínica en enfermería adoptando la taxonomía de Bloom en cada etapa de la simulación.

RESUMO Objetivos: investigar as evidências científicas existentes sobre a utilização da taxonomia de Bloom para o desenvolvimento de competência em profissionais e estudantes de enfermagem na simulação clínica. Métodos: revisão integrativa nas bases National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Web of Science e SCOPUS com apoio do aplicativo Rayyan. Resultados: identificaram-se 871 estudos, e quatro compuseram a amostra. O desenvolvimento de competência clínica ocorreu articulando-se conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes. Para desenvolver o domínio cognitivo, foram mobilizados os objetivos conhecer e compreender da taxonomia de Bloom. Para contemplar o domínio psicomotor, foi necessário desenvolver as habilidades demandadas no atendimento clínico proposto. O domínio afetivo foi desenvolvido por vontade e motivação para aprender. Conclusões: é possível desenvolver competência clínica em enfermagem adotando a taxonomia de Bloom em cada fase da simulação.

Assuntos