RESUMO
Lippia sidoides Cham. is a plant that belongs to the family Verbenaceac and is commonly known as "alecrim-pimenta". It was first found in northeastern Brazil, where it is extensively used in traditional medicine. Many studies have been made with the essential oil of L. sidoides, which has a high content of the isomeric compounds thymol and carvacrol. L. sidoides extracts, and particularly the essential oil extracted from its aerial parts, have shown many biological activities such as antifungal, antibacterial, and insecticidal. Given the great biological potentialities of L. sidoides and the amount of recent studies about this plant, the present study aimed to make a survey of its general attributes, cultivation methods, chemical characterization of its extracts and essential oil, as well as its different biological activities.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/química , Antifúngicos/química , Lippia/química , Óleos Voláteis/química , Extratos Vegetais/química , Óleos de Plantas/química , Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antifúngicos/isolamento & purificação , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Brasil , Estrutura Molecular , Óleos Voláteis/isolamento & purificação , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Farmacognosia , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Óleos de Plantas/isolamento & purificação , Óleos de Plantas/farmacologiaRESUMO
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a murine autoimmune disease used to study multiple sclerosis (MS), a human inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Genistein, an isoflavonoid phytoestrogenic compound found in soy, is known to reverse clinical signs of EAE. Although genistein has some potential in clinical application, it has some disadvantages related to its chemical structure, such as rapid in vivo metabolism and a fast decline in serum after oral administration. The present work investigates the treatment of EAE by using 7-O-tetradecanoyl-genistein (TDG), a more lipophilic analog of genistein obtained by esterification. The clinical course of EAE was investigated in C57Bl/6 mice immunized with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide (MOG)(35-55) in complete Freund's adjuvant supplemented with Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RA. After 14 days of MOG immunization, mice were treated with TDG for seven days. Numbers of IL-17-producing cells and Foxp3 by CD4(+) T cells and CTLA-4 expression by CD3(+) T cells from brain were determined by flow cytometry. Levels of IL-6, IFN-γ and IL-10 were evaluated by ELISA. Brain sections were stained by hematoxylin and eosin method. The data obtained indicate that TDG treatment ameliorates the clinical signs of EAE, which correlates with a decrease of IL-17-producing cells and an increase in Foxp3(+)CD4(+) cells in the brain. TDG is also shown to enhance IL-10 production and CTLA-4 expression and to reduce IFN-γ and IL-6. Altogether, these findings suggest an immunomodulatory therapeutic role for TDG in EAE and multiple sclerosis.
Assuntos
Encefalomielite Autoimune Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Encefalomielite Autoimune Experimental/imunologia , Genisteína/análogos & derivados , Genisteína/farmacologia , Fatores Imunológicos/imunologia , Fatores Imunológicos/farmacologia , Adjuvantes Imunológicos/farmacologia , Animais , Doenças Autoimunes/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Autoimunes/genética , Doenças Autoimunes/imunologia , Doenças Autoimunes/metabolismo , Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Encéfalo/imunologia , Complexo CD3/imunologia , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/imunologia , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/metabolismo , Antígeno CTLA-4/genética , Antígeno CTLA-4/imunologia , Antígeno CTLA-4/metabolismo , Encefalomielite Autoimune Experimental/genética , Encefalomielite Autoimune Experimental/metabolismo , Feminino , Fatores de Transcrição Forkhead/imunologia , Fatores de Transcrição Forkhead/metabolismo , Adjuvante de Freund/imunologia , Genisteína/imunologia , Interferon gama/imunologia , Interleucinas/imunologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Esclerose Múltipla/tratamento farmacológico , Esclerose Múltipla/genética , Esclerose Múltipla/imunologia , Esclerose Múltipla/metabolismo , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/imunologia , Proteínas da Mielina/imunologia , Glicoproteína Mielina-OligodendrócitoRESUMO
In this work, we report the preparation and evaluation of the in vitro and in vivo of the immunosuppressive activity of a series of lipophilic amino alcohols and diamines. All compounds were evaluated for inhibition of cell proliferation, cytotoxicity and NO production. Compounds 9, 12, 13, 17, and 18 did not display inhibition of cell proliferation while decreased NO production. The two most potent compounds, 13 and 17, submitted to delayed-type hypersensitivity assays showed immunosuppressive activity.
Assuntos
Amino Álcoois/farmacologia , Diaminas/farmacologia , Imunossupressores/farmacologia , Amino Álcoois/síntese química , Amino Álcoois/toxicidade , Animais , Células Cultivadas , Diaminas/síntese química , Diaminas/toxicidade , Hipersensibilidade Tardia/induzido quimicamente , Imunossupressores/síntese química , Imunossupressores/toxicidade , CamundongosRESUMO
A series of N- and C-alkylated amino alcohols and of their protected galactopyranosyl derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for antitubercular activity. Five of these compounds displayed good activity, with a MIC below 12.5mug/mL. The presence of the carbohydrate slightly affected the antibacterial activity.