RESUMO
For decades Experimental Autoimmune Encephalitis (EAE) has remained as an unsurpassed multiple sclerosis (MS) animal model. C-Phycocyanin (C-Pc) has been reported to exhibit pharmacological properties that may be expected to symptomatically improve EAE and MS. However, in this paper we reveal a basic underlying mechanism that may provide a new approach to the rationale of the overall beneficial effect of this natural antioxidant. We demonstrate that C-Pc is able to trigger mechanisms preventing or downgrading EAE expression and induces a regulatory T cell (Treg) response, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from MS patients. These results agree with reports suggesting that Treg limit acute MS attacks and that C-Pc may act as a neuroprotector and thereby reverts the organic and functional damage in neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). Moreover, evidence is provided on the antioxidant activity of C-Pc within the CNS, intended to improve the myelin and axonal damage of EAE induced Lewis rats. Our results indicate that specific Treg activation may represent a central and essential mechanism in supporting the therapeutic potential of C-Pc for MS and may lead to new and more effective therapies; this property would then complement and enhance other proven active principles such as interferons (IFN), giving rise to combined therapies.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Encefalomielite Autoimune Experimental/prevenção & controle , Ficocianina/uso terapêutico , Linfócitos T Reguladores/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/administração & dosagem , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Antioxidantes/isolamento & purificação , Biomarcadores/análise , Biomarcadores/sangue , Encéfalo/imunologia , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Encéfalo/ultraestrutura , Células Cultivadas , Cianobactérias/química , Encefalomielite Autoimune Experimental/sangue , Encefalomielite Autoimune Experimental/imunologia , Encefalomielite Autoimune Experimental/patologia , Citometria de Fluxo , Humanos , Hidrocortisona/administração & dosagem , Hidrocortisona/uso terapêutico , Leucócitos Mononucleares/efeitos dos fármacos , Leucócitos Mononucleares/imunologia , Leucócitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , Esclerose Múltipla/sangue , Esclerose Múltipla/imunologia , Oxirredução , Ficocianina/administração & dosagem , Ficocianina/isolamento & purificação , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos Lew , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Linfócitos T Reguladores/imunologiaRESUMO
Las moléculas CD5 y CD6 tienen función coestimuladora y muestran homología en su estructura. Se evaluó la expresión de la molécula CD6 mediante el uso del anticuerpo monoclonal anti-CD6 (T1) en el inmunofenotipaje celular de pacientes con leucemia linfoide crónica By se comparó con la expresión de la molécula CD5.Los resultados demuestranuna homología en la expresión fenotípica de ambas moléculas, CD5 y CD6, lo que asociado con que ambos receptores linfocitarios se encuentran físicamente vinculados, permite sugerir que la molécula CD6 constituye un marcador biológico de interés en la evaluación del pronóstico y la posibilidad de nuevas variantes terapéuticas en esta enfermedad.
CD5 and CD6 molecules have a co-stimulant function and show homology in structure. We assessed CD6 molecule expression using anti-CD6 (T1) monoclonal antibody in the cellular immunophenotyping from patients presenting B chronic lymphoid leukemia, and it was compared to CD5 molecule expression. Results show a homology in phenotype expression of both molecules (CD5 and CD6), what associated with the fact that both lymphocyte receptors are physically linked, allow to suggest that CD6 molecule is a interesting biological marker in prognosis assessment, and the possibility of new therapeutic variants in this disease.
RESUMO
Se comunican las características inmunofenotípicas de 7 pacientes (5 del sexo masculino y 2 del femenino) con el diagnóstico clínico-morfológico de linfomas cutáneos de células T, atendidos en la consulta de Hematología del Instituto de Hematología e Inmunología. La edad de los pacientes osciló entre 17 y 88 años. El inmunodiagnóstico se realizó por inmunofluorescencia directa con un panel de anticuerpos monoclonales que incluyó marcadores linfoides B y T: CD2, CD3, CD4, CD5, CD7, CD8, CD19, CD22 y CD25. La lectura se realizó en un clitómetro de flujo FaCScan (Becton-Dickinson ). Cada marcador se consideró positivo si un porcentaje mayor al 20 por ciento de los linfocitos expresaba el antígeno. Nuestros resultados mostraron que en la mayoría de los pacientes predominó el patrón general de los linfocitos T con función auxiliadora (CD3+, CD4+, CD8-). Se corrobora que la citometría de flujo es un procedimiento más rápido y menos laborioso que otros métodos de inmunofenotipaje celular, que nos permite un diagnóstico de certeza y la aplicación de una terapia efectiva.
The immunophenotypic characteristics of 7 patients (5 males and 2 females) with clinicomorphological diagnosis of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas that received attention at the Hematology Department of the Institute of Hematology and Immunology were reported. The age ot the patients ranged from 17 to 88 years old. The immunodiagnosis was obtained by direct immunofluorescence with a panel of monoclonal antibodies that included B and T lymphoid markers: CD2, CD3, CD4, CD5, CD7, CD8, CD19, CD22 and CD25. The reading was made in a FaCScan flow cytometer (Becton-Dickinson). Each marker was considered positive if a percentage over 20 percent of the lymphocytes expressed the antigen. Our results showed the predominance in most of the patients of a general pattern of T-lymphocytes with auxiliary function (CD3+, CD4+, CD8-). It was corroborated that flow cytometry was a faster and less laborious method than other cellular immunophenotyping methods, and that it allowed to have an accurate diagnosis and to apply an effective therapy.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Citometria de Fluxo/métodos , Linfoma Cutâneo de Células T/diagnóstico , Linfoma Cutâneo de Células T/imunologiaRESUMO
Se comunican las características inmunofenotípicas de 7 pacientes (5 del sexo masculino y 2 del femenino) con el diagnóstico clínico-morfológico de linfomas cutáneos de células T, atendidos en la consulta de Hematología del Instituto de Hematología e Inmunología. La edad de los pacientes osciló entre 17 y 88 años. El inmunodiagnóstico se realizó por inmunofluorescencia directa, con un panel de anticuerpos monoclonales que incluyó marcadores linfoides B y T: CD2, CD3, CD4, CD5, CD7, CD8, CD19, CD22 y CD25. La lectura se realizó en un clitómetro de flujo FaCScan (Becton-Dickinson). Cada marcador se consideró positivo si un porcentaje mayor al 20 % de los linfocitos expresaba el antígeno. Nuestros resultados mostraron que en la mayoría de los pacientes predominó el patrón general de los linfocitos T con función auxiliadora (CD3+, CD4+, CD8-). Se corrobora que la citometría de flujo es un procedimiento más rápido y menos laborioso que otros métodos de inmunofenotipaje celular, que nos permite un diagnóstico de certeza y la aplicación de una terapia efectiva.
The immunophenotypic characteristics of 7 patients (5 males and 2 females) with the clinical-morphological diagnosis of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma that received attention at the Hematology service of the Institute of Hematology and Immunology were reported. The patients were between 17 and 88 years old. The immunodiagnosis was made by direct immunofluorescence with a panel of monoclonal antibodies that included B and T lymphoid markers: CD2, CD3, CD4; CD5, CCD7, CD8, CD19, CD22 and CD25. The reading was obtained in a FaCScan (Becton-Dickinson) flow cytometer. Every marker was considered positive if a percentage over 20 % expressed the antigen. Our results showed the prevalence of the general pattern of T lymphocytes with auxiliary function (CD3+, CD4+, CD8-). It was proved that flow cytometry is a faster and less laborious than other methods of cellular phenotyping, allowing an accurate diagnosis and the application of an effective therapy.