RESUMO
Contact with Leishmania leads to a decreases in mononuclear phagocyte adherence to connective tissue. In this work, we studied the early stages of bond formation between VLA4 and fibronectin, measured the kinetics of membrane alignment and the monocyte cytoplasm spreading area over a fibronectin-coated surface, and studied the expression of high affinity integrin epitope in uninfected and Leishmania-infected human monocytes. Our results show that the initial VLA4-mediated interaction of Leishmania-infected monocyte with a fibronectin-coated surface is preserved, however, the later stage, leukocyte spreading over the substrate is abrogated in Leishmania-infected cells. The median of spreading area was 72 [55-89] µm(2) for uninfected and 41 [34-51] µm(2) for Leishmania-infected monocyte. This cytoplasm spread was inhibited using an anti-VLA4 blocking antibody. After the initial contact with the fibronectrin-coated surface, uninfected monocyte quickly spread the cytoplasm at a 15 µm(2) s(-1) ratio whilst Leishmania-infected monocytes only made small contacts at a 5.5 µm(2) s(-1) ratio. The expression of high affinity epitope by VLA4 (from 39 ± 21% to 14 ± 3%); and LFA1 (from 37 ± 32% to 18 ± 16%) molecules was reduced in Leishmania-infected monocytes. These changes in phagocyte function may be important for parasite dissemination and distribution of lesions in leishmaniasis.
Assuntos
Fibronectinas/metabolismo , Integrina beta1/metabolismo , Leishmania/metabolismo , Leishmaniose/metabolismo , Leishmaniose/parasitologia , Monócitos/metabolismo , Monócitos/parasitologia , Adesão Celular/fisiologia , Humanos , Integrina alfa4beta1/metabolismo , Cinética , Leucócitos/metabolismo , Leucócitos/parasitologiaRESUMO
A internet se apresenta como um novo espaço de reconfiguração das relações sociais, por isso jovens com transtornos alimentares vêm utilizando-a como forma de expressão, através das comunidades pró-anorexia e bulimia. Este artigo visa compreender a diferença entre o discurso hegemônico e a crença destas jovens, a partir das teorias antropológicas sobre a influência da cultura na saúde e na doença, da teoria da bioascese e das teorias feministas. Usando a interpretação de sentidos, percebe-se que os transtornos alimentares são considerados estilos de vida, nos quais se busca fugir ao sofrimento através do controle dos corpos e dos desejos. Há uma trama entre controle, poder e dominação, no qual as jovens pleiteiam autonomia e independência, a sociedade define e normatiza seus corpos, e dessa forma, impõem uma dominação, e os profissionais, baseados nos discursos da saúde, intentam ensiná-las como controlá-los, exercendo, de certa forma, um poder sobre o outro.
The internet is a new space of reconfiguration of the social relationship therefore young people with eating disorders have been using the net as a way of expressing themselves, through the pro-anorexia and bulimia communities. This paper attempt to understand the difference between hegemonic approaches and the belief of these young people, from anthropological theories about the health and the disease, the bioascese and feminist theories. Using the interpretation of meanings it's noticed that the eating disorders are considered lifestyles whereby we seek to escape the suffering through the control of bodies and desires. There is a plot between control, power and domination, in which young people plead for autonomy and independence, the society defines and regulates their bodies, and thus impose a domination, and the professionals having the health discourses as bases, intend to teach them how to control their bodies, exerting somewhat a power over the other.