RESUMO
The aim of this study is to report a case of two maxillary incisors with chronic apical abscess and through-and-through lesion submitted to periradicular regenerative surgery, with clinical follow-ups and evaluation through cone-beam computerized tomography for 7 years. In the presentation, there was a persistent sinus tract in the palate and sensibility to touch at the apical region of the central and left lateral maxillary incisors. The initial tomography revealed the presence of an extensive radiolucent area in the apical third of the referred teeth, with loss of the buccal and palatal cortic es. For the treatment, a periradicular regenerative surgery was performed, an association of endodontic surgery with Guided Tissue Regeneration technique, using bovine bone xenograft and bioabsorbable membrane. The clinical and radiographic evaluations, including cone-beam computerized tomography, at seven years postoperatively, showed absence of symptomatology and sinus tract, probing depth within normal standards and apical bone neoformation.
El objetivo de este estudio fue reportar un caso de dos incisivos superiores con absceso apical crónico y lesión transversal sometidos a cirugía regenerativa perirradicular, con seguimiento clínico y evaluación mediante tomografía computarizada de haz cónico durante 7 años. En la presentación, había un trayecto sinusal persistente en el paladar y sensibilidad al tacto en la región apical de los incisivos maxilares laterales central y lateral izquierdo. La tomografía inicial reveló la presencia de una extensa zona radiolúcida en el tercio apical de los dientes referidos, con pérdida de las cortezas bucal y palatina. Para el tratamiento se realizó una cirugía regenerativa perirradicular, asociación de cirugía endodóntica con técnica de Regeneración Tisular Guiada, utilizando xenoinjerto óseo bovino y membrana bioabsorbible. Las evaluaciones clínicas y radiográficas, incluida la tomografía computarizada de haz cónico, a los siete años del posoperatorio, mostraron ausencia de sintomatología y tracto sinusal, profundidad de sondaje dentro de los estándares normales y neoformación ósea apical.
RESUMO
The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze the influence of occlusal reduction on the postoperative pain levels after endodontic treatment (instrumentation and obturation of the root canal system). This review followed the PRISMA statement and was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42018107918). Two independent reviewers searched the Lilacs, Cochrane Library, PubMed (Medline), Web of Science, Scopus, Scielo, and ScienceDirect for articles published until April 2021. The research question was, "Does occlusal reduction decrease postoperative pain in endodontically treated teeth?". Only randomized clinical trials were included. The RevMan 5 program was used for meta-analysis, calculating the relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the dichotomous outcome (presence or absence of pain). The search strategies retrieved 4114 studies. Twelve studies were included for qualitative analysis and nine for quantitative analysis. The meta-analysis results did not reveal a significant difference in the reduction of postoperative pain levels for endodontic instrumentation at 6, 12, 24, 48 h and for endodontic obturation at 6 or 12 h after occlusal reduction. According to the GRADE tool, the analyzed outcome was classified as having a moderate level of certainty. It is concluded that occlusal reduction does not interfere with postoperative pain levels after endodontic treatment.
Assuntos
Ajuste Oclusal , Dor Pós-Operatória/etiologia , Dor Pós-Operatória/terapia , Obturação do Canal Radicular/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Ajuste Oclusal/métodos , Manejo da Dor , Dor Pós-Operatória/diagnóstico , Obturação do Canal Radicular/métodos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
This study aimed to analyze the potential occurrence of dentinal defects after the removal of a root canal filling with two different sealers using Reciproc (RC) or Reciproc Blue (RB). The mesial roots of 60 mandibular molars with a Vertucci type IV configuration were selected. The samples were initially instrumented with Reciproc (R25) and then divided into the following four experimental groups according to the endodontic sealer and retreatment instrument (n = 15): BC Sealer/Reciproc (BCRC); BC Sealer/Reciproc Blue (BCRB); AH Plus/Reciproc (AHRC); and AH Plus/Reciproc Blue (AHRB). Then, the samples were scanned under micro-CT after obturation and removal of the filling material. Two analyses were conducted. First, an evaluation was performed on all the axial images, and another analysis evaluated each millimeter of the 10 mm from the apex. Dentinal defects were observed in all the samples. All of the identified defects in the images after filling material removal were present in the corresponding images after obturation. The use of AH Plus and EndoSequence BC Sealer, and filling material removal using RC and RB instruments did not induce dentinal defects.
Assuntos
Cavidade Pulpar/diagnóstico por imagem , Dente Molar/diagnóstico por imagem , Materiais Restauradores do Canal Radicular/farmacologia , Raiz Dentária/diagnóstico por imagem , Desenho de Equipamento/métodos , Humanos , Retratamento/métodos , Obturação do Canal Radicular/métodos , Microtomografia por Raio-X/métodosRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To compare the remaining root canal filling material, dentin removal, apical transportation, and apical extrusion of debris after the retreatment of canals filled with bioceramic or resin-based sealers using the Reciproc or Reciproc Blue instruments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty mandibular molars with severely curved mesial roots were selected. The samples were initially instrumented with Reciproc (R25) and then divided into four experimental groups according to the endodontic sealer and retreatment instrument (n = 15): BC Sealer/Reciproc (BCRC), BC Sealer/Reciproc Blue (BCRB), AH Plus/Reciproc (AHRC), and AH Plus/Reciproc Blue (AHRB). The procedure time was measured, and an Eppendorf tube was used in each root canal to store the debris extrusion. The samples were scanned by micro-CT before and after retreatment. The apical transportation, volume of dentin, and filling material were evaluated. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the reduction of the volume of obturator material or dentin removal between groups (p > .05). There were also no differences in the amount of extruded material or apical transportation (p > .05). The retreatment time for the AHRC group was significantly lower than that for the other groups (p = .004). CONCLUSIONS: All tested instruments obtained similar efficacy in filling material removal procedures, although no system completely removed the filling material. Retreatment of canals filled with bioceramic BC Sealer may be more time consuming. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This study reported that Reciproc and Reciproc Blue can be indicated in retreatment of severely curved root canals filled either with bioceramic or resin-based sealers.
Assuntos
Materiais Restauradores do Canal Radicular , Obturação do Canal Radicular , Preparo de Canal Radicular , Instrumentos Odontológicos , Cavidade Pulpar , Desenho de Equipamento , Guta-Percha , Humanos , RetratamentoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to analyse the potential occurrence of dentinal defects after root canal preparation using three engine-driven instruments. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Eighty permanent mandibular incisors were selected. Twenty teeth did not undergo preparation, and the remaining teeth were divided into three groups (n=20): Reciproc (REC), ProTaper Next (PTN) and WaveOne Gold (WOG). The samples were dyed with methylene blue, sectioned perpendicularly to the long axis in 3-, 6- and 9-mm slices and were finally observed under a stereomicroscope (under 25×). The absence/presence of dentinal defects was documented by two blind observers. The data were analysed using Pearson's chi-squared test with a confidence level of 95% (P=0.05). The time to prepare the samples was recorded, and the groups were compared using F-test (ANOVA). RESULTS: The control group did not present any defects, and the differences between the control and experimental groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). WOG, PTN and REC caused microcracks on 60%, 33.33% and 18.33% of the samples, respectively. No significant differences between the groups in the 3-mm sections (P=0.126) were observed. There were significant differences in the 6-mm (P=0.042) and 9-mm sections (P<0.001). When WOG and PTN were used to perform root canal preparation, a significant difference was found in the average time (P=0.047). CONCLUSION: All the used instruments caused dentinal defects in the root dentin. All the instruments were used to perform the preparation with a similar average time.
RESUMO
O objetivo desse trabalho foi traduzir e adaptar para a cultura brasileira um questionário sobre habilidades de liderança de cirurgiões-dentistas. Para isso, o instrumento criado na Harvard School of Dental Medicine (HSDM) passou pelas etapas de tradução, retrotradução, adaptação transcultural a partir de uma reunião de experts no assunto e pré-teste com um grupo de cirurgiões-dentistas. Observou-se que alguns termos necessitaram ser adaptados para melhor interpretação, após o que o instrumento foi considerado de fácil compreensão por profissionais da área de interesse. O questionário necessita ainda de validação para que possa ser utilizado em pesquisas no Brasil (AU).
The aim of this study was to translate and adapt a questionnaire on dentistry leadership skills to the Brazilian culture. For this purpose, the instrument created at the Harvard School of Dental Medicine (HSDM) went through the stages of translation, back-translation and crosscultural adaptation by an expert group to be submitted afterwards to a pre-test with a group of dentists. To facilitate a clear interpretation. It was observed that some terms needed to be adapted for better interpretation, after which the instrument was considered easy to understand by professionals of the area of interest. To use the questionnaire for research in Brazil, further psychometrc validation is required (AU).
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Comparação Transcultural , Inquéritos e Questionários , Odontólogos , Liderança , BrasilRESUMO
BACKGROUND: This study aims to evaluate the frequency of dentinal defects after root canal preparation with the ProTaper NEXT, K3XF and WaveOne GOLD systems using microcomputed tomography. METHODS: Sixty permanent mandibular incisors with a single canal were selected. Inspection of the teeth was performed under a stereomicroscope (15x) to observe the presence of pre-existing cracks and fractures lines. Samples were divided into three experimental groups (n = 20): ProTaper NEXT (PTN), K3XF (K3XF) and WaveOne GOLD (WOG). Specimens were scanned through high-resolution microcomputed tomography before and after the preparation of the root canal. Subsequently, all the axial images were examined by two different methods to find possible dentinal defects. Furthermore, an analysis of each millimeter of ten apical millimeters was also performed. The absence or presence of dentinal defects was screened by 3 pre-calibrated blinded examiners. RESULTS: After analysing all 45,720 slices, dentinal defects were observed in 48,33% (22096 slices). PTN, K3XF and WOG groups represented 11,11% (5079 slices), 17,22% (7873 slices) and 20% (n = 9144) of the cross-sectional images, respectively. At 10 apical millimeters (600 slices), 33,33% (200 slices) presented some dentinal defects, representing 7,22% (43 slices), 13,33% (80 slices) and 12,77% (77 slices) of the cross-sectional images in the PTN, K3XF and WOG groups, respectively. All the dentinal defects presented in the postoperative images existed in the images prior to instrumentation. CONCLUSIONS: There was no correlation between the preparation of a root canal using the PTN, K3XF and WOG systems and the formation of new dentinal defects.
Assuntos
Dentina/diagnóstico por imagem , Dentina/lesões , Preparo de Canal Radicular/instrumentação , Microtomografia por Raio-X , HumanosRESUMO
A Fibromatose Gengival (FG) é descrita como uma condição bucal rara, clinicamente manifestada por um crescimento lento, progressivo, difuso e benigno dos tecidos gengivais. Essa condição pode se manifestar de forma isolada, em associação a outras doenças sistêmicas ou como componente de síndromes. A FG pode ter uma etiologia identificável ou ser idiopática. Em função da severidade de cada caso, pode acarretar transtornos funcionais e estéticos significativos, sobretudo, relacionado à dificuldade de higienização, fala e deglutição, devido à formação de grandes massas teciduais na gengiva. O presente trabalho propõe a revisão dos aspectos clínicos, diagnósticos e terapêuticos da Fibromatose Gengival e relata um caso severo desta doença que foi tratada cirurgicamente... (AU)
The Gingival Fibromatosis (GF) is described as a rare oral condition, clinically manifested by a slow, progressive, diffuse, and benign growth of gingival tissues. This condition can manifest itself in isolation, in combination with other systemic diseases or as a component of syndromes. GF may have an identifiable etiology or be idiopathic. Depending on the severity of each case, GF may result in significant functional and aesthetic disorders, mainly related to the difficulty of cleaning, speech and swallowing due to formation of large gingival tissue masses. This paper proposes a review of the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of gingival fibromatosis and reports a severe case of this condition that was surgically treated... (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Cirurgia Bucal , Fibromatose Gengival , Gengiva , Hiperplasia Gengival , DeglutiçãoRESUMO
The Dentistry Course at UFPB was created in 1955. Although the course is recognized for its high-quality technical education in dentistry, through 2014, it has had no leadership and management subject, even though it is known that these skills are critical to the dentist. The aim of this research was therefore to evaluate the perceptions of knowledge about leadership and management of students in the fifth year of the UFPB dentistry course. Students answered a questionnaire and evaluated their current leadership skills on a scale from one (very poor) to five (excellent). On average, they rated themselves best on "Integrity" (4.42 points) and worst on "Advocacy skills" (2.38 points). The "ability to build others' trust" was the aspect considered most beneficial for an oral surgeon, representing 23.08% of responses, while "compassion" was the ability deemed least beneficial, with 34.62% of the responses. All students questioned agreed that it is important to create leadership and management subject in the UFPB dentistry course. Little knowledge of leadership and management has been demonstrated, as well as a great need for creating a leadership course at UFPB (AU).
O Curso de Odontologia na Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Brasil, foi criado em 1955. Embora seja um curso reconhecido pela sua alta qualidade no ensino técnico da odontologia, até 2014 não possuía nenhuma disciplina de liderança e gestão mesmo entendendo-se que essas habilidades precisam ser alimentadas e desenvolvidas ao longo da vida. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a percepção do conhecimento sobre liderança e gestão dos estudantes do quinto ano do curso de odontologia da UFPB. Os alunos responderam a um questionário e avaliaram suas habilidades de liderança atuais em uma escala de um (muito insuficiente) a cinco (excelente), em média, eles avaliaram a si mesmos melhores em "Integridade" (4,42 pontos) e o pior em "Habilidades em advocacia" (2,38 pontos). A "Capacidade de construir a confiança dos outros" foi o aspecto considerado mais benéfico para um cirurgião-dentista, representando 23,08% das respostas, enquanto "compaixão" foi a habilidade considerada menos benéfica, com 34,62% das respostas. Todos os alunos questionados acharam que é importante criar uma disciplina de liderança e gestão no curso de odontologia da UFPB. Esse artigo avaliou a percepção de liderança e gestão dos alunos de odontologia da UFPB e a necessidade de instruir aos alunos sobre o assunto. Comprovou-se que houve pouco conhecimento sobre liderança e há uma grande necessidade de criação do curso de liderança na UFPB (AU).
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Organização e Administração , Estudantes de Odontologia , Educação em Odontologia , Liderança , Brasil , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
UNLABELLED: The supraesophageal manifestations of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease commonly known as Laryngopharyngeal Reflux (LPR) are highly prevalent. The diagnosis of LPR is challenging and mostly based on suggestive symptoms and signs of inflammation at the larynx and pharynx. In order to decrease the subjectivity of clinical assessment, a score based on endolaryngeal videolaryngoscopic findings, the Reflux Finding Score (RFS), was proposed by Belafasky et al. This score has proven to be highly sensitive and reproducible in the English language. OBJECTIVE: Translate and culturally adapt the RFS into Brazilian Portuguese and test its reliability. METHOD: Following international guidelines, translation and back translation of the RFS was made by 2 independent professional translators who were native English speakers. The translated version of the RFS was then applied to the videolaryngoscopic images of 24 patients by 3 examiners twice with a 24-hour minimum interval between scoring sessions, and tested for intraobserver reliability. RESULTS: The translation and cultural adaptation were carried out satisfactorily. Examiners applied the instrument, after brief technichal training, without difficulties. Intraobserver test re-test reliability and reproducibility were high. CONCLUSION: The Portuguese version of the RFS presents semantic similarity to the English version, and with reliability.
Assuntos
Refluxo Gastroesofágico/diagnóstico , Inquéritos e Questionários/normas , Brasil , Características Culturais , Humanos , Idioma , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , TraduçãoRESUMO
As manifestações supraesofágicas da Doença do Refluxo Gastroesofágico, conhecidas como Refluxo Laringofaríngeo (RLF) apresentam alta prevalência. Há dificuldade no diagnóstico, que é pautado em grande parte por sintomas sugestivos e sinais inflamatórios laringofaríngeos. Belafsky et al. propuseram um escore que pontua sinais inflamatórios laríngeos por meio de achados videolaringoscópicos, o Reflux Finding Score (RFS), de forma a diminuir a subjetividade do diagnóstico. Tal escore apresentou alta sensibilidade e reprodutibilidade na língua inglesa. OBJETIVO: Traduzimos para o português brasileiro, realizamos adaptações culturais e testamos a confiabilidade do RFS. MÉTODO: Seguindo diretrizes internacionais, foram realizadas as etapas de tradução e retrotradução por dois profissionais de forma independente e por tradutores nativos norte-americanos. O teste da versão final para avaliação da confiabilidade foi realizado a partir de 24 exames de videolaringoscopia em que os examinadores aplicaram a escala em português em cada exame por duas vezes, com intervalo mínimo de 24 horas, e avaliada a coerência intraexaminadores. RESULTADO: A tradução e adaptação cultural foi realizada de forma satisfatória. Houve facilidade de treinamento e aplicação do instrumento traduzido, além de boa reprodutibilidade e confiabilidade intraobservadores. CONCLUSÃO: Escala de Achados Endolaríngeos de Refluxo tem semelhança conceitual, semântica e de conteúdo com RFS, além de confiabilidade.
The supraesophageal manifestations of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease commonly known as Laryngopharyngeal Reflux (LPR) are highly prevalent. The diagnosis of LPR is challenging and mostly based on suggestive symptoms and signs of inflammation at the larynx and pharynx. In order to decrease the subjectivity of clinical assessment, a score based on endolaryngeal videolaryngoscopic findings, the Reflux Finding Score (RFS), was proposed by Belafasky et al. This score has proven to be highly sensitive and reproducible in the English language. OBJECTIVE: Translate and culturally adapt the RFS into Brazilian Portuguese and test its reliability. METHOD: Following international guidelines, translation and back translation of the RFS was made by 2 independent professional translators who were native English speakers. The translated version of the RFS was then applied to the videolaryngoscopic images of 24 patients by 3 examiners twice with a 24-hour minimum interval between scoring sessions, and tested for intraobserver reliability. RESULTS: The translation and cultural adaptation were carried out satisfactorily. Examiners applied the instrument, after brief technichal training, without difficulties. Intraobserver test re-test reliability and reproducibility were high. CONCLUSION: The Portuguese version of the RFS presents semantic similarity to the English version, and with reliability.
Assuntos
Humanos , Refluxo Gastroesofágico/diagnóstico , Inquéritos e Questionários/normas , Brasil , Características Culturais , Idioma , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , TraduçãoRESUMO
UNLABELLED: Although Bell's palsy is the major cause of acute peripheral facial palsy, its pathogenesis remains unknown. Reactivation of the varicella zoster virus has been implicated as one of the main causes of Bell's palsy, however, studies which investigate the varicella zoster virus reactivation in Bell's palsy patients are mostly Japanese and, therefore, personal and geographic characteristics are quite different from our population. AIMS: To determine varicella zoster virus frequency in saliva samples from patients with Bell's palsy, using PCR. MATERIAL AND METHOD: One hundred seventy one patients with acute peripheral facial palsy were prospectively enrolled in this study. One hundred twenty were clinically diagnosed with Bell's palsy, within one week of onset of the disease and no previous anti-viral therapy. We had 20 healthy adults as controls. Three saliva samples were collected from patients and controls at initial examination and at one and two weeks later. The detection of the varicella zoster virus DNA was performed using PCR. RESULTS: Varicella zoster virus was detected in two patients (1.7%). The virus was not identified in saliva samples from the controls. CONCLUSIONS: Varicella zoster virus was detected in 1.7% of saliva samples from patients with Bell's palsy, using PCR.
Assuntos
Paralisia de Bell/virologia , DNA Viral/análise , Herpes Zoster/complicações , Herpesvirus Humano 3/isolamento & purificação , Saliva/virologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Herpes Zoster/diagnóstico , Herpesvirus Humano 3/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Estudos Prospectivos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Although Bell's palsy is the major cause of acute peripheral facial palsy, its pathogenesis remains unknown. Reactivation of the varicella zoster virus has been implicated as one of the main causes of Bell's palsy, however, studies which investigate the varicella zoster virus reactivation in Bell's palsy patients are mostly Japanese and, therefore, personal and geographic characteristics are quite different from our population. AIMS: To determine varicella zoster virus frequency in saliva samples from patients with Bell's palsy, using PCR. MATERIAL AND METHOD: One hundred seventy one patients with acute peripheral facial palsy were prospectively enrolled in this study. One hundred twenty were clinically diagnosed with Bell's palsy, within one week of onset of the disease and no previous anti-viral therapy. We had 20 healthy adults as controls. Three saliva samples were collected from patients and controls at initial examination and at one and two weeks later. The detection of the varicella zoster virus DNA was performed using PCR. RESULTS: Varicella zoster virus was detected in two patients (1.7 percent). The virus was not identified in saliva samples from the controls. CONCLUSIONS: Varicella zoster virus was detected in 1.7 percent of saliva samples from patients with Bell's palsy, using PCR.
Embora a paralisia de Bell seja o tipo mais frequente de paralisia facial periférica,sua causa ainda é objeto de inúmeros questionamentos. A reativação do vírus varicela zoster tem sido considerada uma das principais causas da paralisia de Bell, porém, os poucos trabalhos que estudam a prevalência do VVZ como agente etiológico da PB são japoneses, o que determina características geográficas e populacionais bastante díspares de nossa população. OBJETIVOS: Verificar a frequência do vírus varicela zoster em saliva de indivíduos com PB, pela técnica de PCR. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Estudo prospectivo com 171 pacientes com PFP, sendo 120 pacientes portadores de paralisia de Bell, com até uma semana de evolução, sem uso prévio de drogas antivirais. O grupo controle foi composto de 20 adultos sadios. Nestes indivíduos foram coletadas três amostras de saliva em semanas consecutivas, para pesquisa de DNA viral pela técnica de PCR. RESULTADOS: O vírus varicela zoster foi encontrado em amostras de saliva de dois pacientes com paralisia de Bell (1,7 por cento). Nenhum vírus foi identificado no grupo controle. CONCLUSÃO: Foi verificada frequência de 1,7 por cento para vírus varicela zoster em amostras de saliva de pacientes com paralisia de Bell, pela técnica de PCR.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Paralisia de Bell/virologia , DNA Viral/análise , Herpes Zoster/complicações , /isolamento & purificação , Saliva/virologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Herpes Zoster/diagnóstico , /genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Estudos Prospectivos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Rheedia longifolia Planch et Triana belongs to the Clusiaceae family. This plant is widely distributed in Brazil, but its chemical and pharmacological properties have not yet been studied. We report here that leaves aqueous extract of R. longifolia (LAE) shows analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Oral or intraperitoneal administration of this extract dose-dependently inhibited the abdominal constrictions induced by acetic acid in mice. The analgesic effect and the duration of action were similar to those observed with sodium diclofenac, a classical non-steroidal analgesic. In addition to the effect seen in the abdominal constriction model, LAE was also able to inhibit the hyperalgesia induced by lipopolysaccharide from gram-negative bacteria (LPS) in rats. We also found that R. longifolia LAE inhibited an inflammatory reaction induced by LPS in the pleural cavity of mice. Acute toxicity was evaluated in mice treated with the extract for seven days with 50 mg/kg/day. Neither death, nor alterations in weight, blood leukocyte counts or hematocrit were noted. Our results suggest that aqueous extract from R. longifolia leaves has analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity with minimal toxicity and are therefore endowed with a potential for pharmacological control of pain and inflammation.
Assuntos
Dor Abdominal/tratamento farmacológico , Analgésicos/uso terapêutico , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Clusiaceae/química , Pleurisia/tratamento farmacológico , Ácido Acético , Animais , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Camundongos , Medição da Dor , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Folhas de Planta/química , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
Rheedia longifolia Planch et Triana belongs to the Clusiaceae family. This plant is widely distributed in Brazil, but its chemical and pharmacological properties have not yet been studied. We report here that leaves aqueous extract of R. longifolia (LAE) shows analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Oral or intraperitoneal administration of this extract dose-dependently inhibited the abdominal constrictions induced by acetic acid in mice. The analgesic effect and the duration of action were similar to those observed with sodium diclofenac, a classical non-steroidal analgesic. In addition to the effect seen in the abdominal constriction model, LAE was also able to inhibit the hyperalgesia induced by lipopolysaccharide from gram-negative bacteria (LPS) in rats. We also found that R. longifolia LAE inhibited an inflammatory reaction induced by LPS in the pleural cavity of mice. Acute toxicity was evaluated in mice treated with the extract for seven days with 50 mg/kg/day. Neither death, nor alterations in weight, blood leukocyte counts or hematocrit were noted. Our results suggest that aqueous extract from R. longifolia leaves has analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity with minimal toxicity and are therefore endowed with a potential for pharmacological control of pain and inflammation.
Assuntos
Animais , Camundongos , Ratos , Dor Abdominal/tratamento farmacológico , Analgésicos/uso terapêutico , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Clusiaceae/química , Pleurisia/tratamento farmacológico , Ácido Acético , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Medição da Dor , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Folhas de Planta/química , Ratos WistarRESUMO
We investigated the vascular effects of a crude aqueous extract (AEEG) of Echinodorus grandiflorus (Alismataceae) using the in vitro experimental models of the rabbit isolated aorta and perfused kidney. Echinodorus grandiflorus, a native semi-aquatic plant widely distributed in Brazil, has been extensively used in Brazilian folk medicine for the treatment of high blood pressure and inflammatory diseases. The bolus injection of AEEG (0.1-10 mg) into the rabbit renal circulation pre-contracted with norepinephrine induced marked and dose-dependent vasodilator responses (maximum of 37+/-4%; n=6; P<0.001), which was similar to that induced by injection of 10 mmol acetylcholine (41+/-3%). Moreover, AEEG elicited a significant and concentration-dependent relaxation in the endothelium-intact, but not endothelium-denuded aortic rings, reaching the maximum of 81+/-5% (n=7, P<0.001). Inhibition of the nitric oxide-cGMP pathway with L-NAME (100 microM) or Methylene Blue (20 microM) reduced maximum relaxation induced by AEEG from 81+/-5% to 46+/-3 and 45+/-3%, respectively (n=7, P<0.001). A similar reduction was obtained with the incubation of the aortic rings with the selective PAF receptor antagonist WEB 2086 (10 microM) (from 81+/-5% to 55+/-3%; n=7; P<0.01). Conversely, blockade of muscarinic receptors with atropine (10 microM) did not affect the vasodilator effects of AEEG, while inhibition of the enzyme cyclooxigenase not only did not block, but rather potentiated vasodilation induced by AEEG (n=7, P<0.001). Finally, blockade of Ca(2+)- and ATP-activated K(+) channels using the specific blockers charydbotoxin (100 nM) and glibenclamide (3 microM), respectively, did not modify aortic relaxation induced by AEEG. We conclude that water-soluble extracts from leaves of Echinodorus grandiflorus elicit an endothelium-dependent, nitric oxide and PAF receptor-mediated vasodilation in rabbit aortic rings, which does not appear to involve the generation of vasodilating prostaglandins or the activation of K(+) channels. This potent vasodilator effect of the extracts was confirmed in the isolated rabbit renal circulation.
Assuntos
Alismataceae , Aorta/efeitos dos fármacos , Rim/irrigação sanguínea , Circulação Renal/efeitos dos fármacos , Vasodilatação/efeitos dos fármacos , Vasodilatadores/farmacologia , Animais , Aorta/metabolismo , Azepinas/farmacologia , Brasil , GMP Cíclico/metabolismo , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Endotélio Vascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Guanilato Ciclase/antagonistas & inibidores , Guanilato Ciclase/metabolismo , Técnicas In Vitro , Rim/metabolismo , Azul de Metileno/farmacologia , NG-Nitroarginina Metil Éster/farmacologia , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico Sintase/antagonistas & inibidores , Óxido Nítrico Sintase/metabolismo , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Folhas de Planta , Glicoproteínas da Membrana de Plaquetas/efeitos dos fármacos , Glicoproteínas da Membrana de Plaquetas/metabolismo , Coelhos , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/metabolismo , Triazóis/farmacologiaRESUMO
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is a major component in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and plays a role in the changes of vascular reactivity observed in this disease. Herein the authors investigate the potential involvement of platelet-activating factor (PAF)-like phospholipid components of oxidized LDL in rabbit aorta reactivity. Aortic rings were precontracted with noradrenaline (0.5 microM) and relaxation was induced by subsequent stimulation with sequential additions of acetylcholine (1 nM to 3 microM). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fractions (6- and 7-min) obtained from phospholipids extracted from oxidized LDL inhibited relaxation evoked by acetylcholine, but not the relaxation induced by sodium nitroprusside. This effect was not antagonized either by incubation of the fractions with PAF acetylhydrolase or by incubation of the aortic rings with a PAF receptor antagonist. Authentic PAF or C4-PAF, a PAF mimetic previously found in fractions 6 and 7 did not inhibit acetylcholine-induced relaxation. In contrast, lyso-PAF inhibited acetylcholine, but not sodium nitroprusside-induced relaxation. The authors conclude that phospholipids of oxidized LDL impair vascular reactivity to endothelium-dependent agonists. This effect is not due to oxidatively generated proinflammatory PAF mimetics, but rather to a metabolite of these phospholipids, lysoPAF.
Assuntos
Aorta/fisiologia , Células Endoteliais/metabolismo , Lipoproteínas LDL/metabolismo , Músculo Liso Vascular/metabolismo , Fosfolipídeos/metabolismo , Vasodilatação/fisiologia , 1-Alquil-2-acetilglicerofosfocolina Esterase/farmacologia , Acetilcolina/farmacologia , Animais , Aorta/efeitos dos fármacos , Aterosclerose/metabolismo , Aterosclerose/fisiopatologia , Células Endoteliais/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Humanos , Lipoproteínas LDL/química , Masculino , Músculo Liso Vascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Nitroprussiato/farmacologia , Norepinefrina/farmacologia , Técnicas de Cultura de Órgãos , Fosfolipídeos/farmacologia , Fator de Ativação de Plaquetas/análogos & derivados , Fator de Ativação de Plaquetas/metabolismo , Fator de Ativação de Plaquetas/farmacologia , Glicoproteínas da Membrana de Plaquetas/antagonistas & inibidores , Glicoproteínas da Membrana de Plaquetas/metabolismo , Coelhos , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/antagonistas & inibidores , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/metabolismo , Vasoconstritores/farmacologia , Vasodilatação/efeitos dos fármacos , Vasodilatadores/farmacologiaRESUMO
We investigated whether different concentrations of elevated glucose - corresponding to levels observed in patients with type 2 diabetes under routine care (post-prandial mean and maximum values) and those used for diagnosing diabetes - induce impairment of vascular reactivity of the macro- and microcirculation in non-diabetic rabbits. Aortic rings and isolated perfused kidneys from normal rabbits were acutely exposed (3 h) to normal (5.5 mm) or high (7-25 mM) D-glucose concentrations. Vascular reactivity was evaluated with endothelium-dependent [acetylcholine (ACh) and bradykinin (BK)] and independent [sodium nitroprusside (SNP)] vasodilating agents. Endothelium-dependent relaxation of the thoracic aorta induced by ACh or BK was significantly attenuated after a 3-h exposure to high D-glucose (15-25 mM) but not after corresponding increased osmolarity with mannitol solutions. Relaxation induced by SNP (endothelium-independent) was not affected by high D-glucose concentrations. Moreover, endothelium-dependent but not independent vasodilation of the isolated rabbit kidney was also impaired after 3-h perfusion with high D-glucose (11.1-25 mM). Perfusion with mannitol solutions (15-25 mM) partially blunted endothelium-dependent renal vasodilation. It is concluded that acute hyperglycemia corresponding to post-prandial levels in patients with type 2 diabetes induces endothelial dysfunction of conduit vessels as well as of the renal circulation of non-diabetic rabbits.