RESUMO
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are foodborne pathogens that cause mild or serious diseases and can lead to people death. This study reports the prevalence and characteristics of STEC O157 and non-O157 in commercial ground beef and environmental samples, including meat table, knife, meat mincing machine, and manipulator hands (n = 450) obtained from 90 retail markets over a nine-month period. The STEC isolates were serotyped and virulence genes as stx (Shiga toxin), rfb(O157)] (O157 lipopolysaccharide), fliC(H7) (H7 flagellin), eae (intimin), ehxA (enterohemolysin) and saa (STEC autoagglutinating adhesin), were determined. STEC O157 were identified in 23 (25.5%) beef samples and 16 (4.4%) environmental samples, while STEC non-O157 were present in 47 (52.2%) and 182 (50.5%), respectively. Among 54 strains isolated, 17 were STEC O157:H7 and 37 were STEC non-O157. The prevalent genotype for O157 was stx(2)/eae/ehxA/fliC(H7) (83.4%), and for STEC non-O157 the most frequent ones were stx(1)/stx(2)/saa/ehxA (29.7%); stx(2) (29.7%); and stx(2)/saa/ehxA (27%). None of the STEC non-O157 strains were eae-positive. Besides O157:H7, other 20 different serotypes were identified, being O8:H19, O178:H19, and O174:H28 the prevalent. Strains belonging to the same serotype could be isolated from different sources of the same retail market. Also, the same serotype could be detected in different stores. In conclusion, screening techniques are increasingly sensitive, but the isolation of STEC non-O157 is still a challenge. Moreover, with the results obtained from the present work, although more studies are needed, cross-contamination between meat and the environment could be suspected.
Assuntos
Microbiologia Ambiental , Carne/microbiologia , Escherichia coli Shiga Toxigênica/classificação , Escherichia coli Shiga Toxigênica/isolamento & purificação , Argentina , Flagelina/genética , Contaminação de Alimentos , Indústria Alimentícia , Genótipo , Humanos , Epidemiologia Molecular , Antígenos O/genética , Prevalência , Sorotipagem , Escherichia coli Shiga Toxigênica/genética , Fatores de Virulência/genéticaRESUMO
Listeria monocytogenes es el agente causal de Listeriosis en humanos, siendo los alimentos listos para comer una de las principales vías de transmisión. El pH óptimo de desarrollo de L. monocytogenes es entre 6 y 9, tolerando hasta pH 4,4. El objetivo fue estudiar el comportamiento in vitro de 30 cepas de Listeria spp. aisladas de alimentos, modificando el pH por adición de HCl y ácido láctico. Se utilizó caldo cerebro corazón al que se le agregó HCl ó ácido láctico hasta pH de 4,8, 5,2, 5,5, 5,8 y 6. Con HCl a pH 4,8 se desarrolló una cepa de L. monocytogenes tipo 1, a pH 5,5 se desarrollaron el 50% de las cepas. Con ácido láctico, a pH 4,8 no hubo desarrollo. A pH 5,8 y 6 con ambos ácidos se desarrollaron la mayoría de las Listerias analizadas. El ácido láctico presentó mayor efecto inhibidor que HCl.
Listeria monocytogenes is the causative agent of listeriosis in humans, being the ready to eat foods one of the main transmission ways. The optimun pH for L. monocytogenes to grow was between 6 and 9, tolerating up to pH 4.4. The objetive was to study the in vitro behavior of thirty strains Listeria spp. isolated from foods, modifying the pH adding HCl and lactic acid. Brain heart broth added with HCl or lactic acid until pH 4.8, 5.2, 5.5, 5.8 and 6 was used. With HCl at pH 4.8 one strain of L. monocytogenes type 1 developed. At pH 5.5, 50% of the strains developed. With lactic acid, at pH 4.8 growth was not observed. At pH 5.8 and 6 with both acids grew most of the Listeria analyzed. The lactic acid had a greater inhibitory effect than HCl.