RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Population ageing is a relevant concern in people diagnosed with rectal cancer. This study evaluates the adherence to clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) and patient outcomes in rectal cancer, with a particular focus on variation according to age. METHODS: This is a multicentre retrospective cohort study of all patients surgically treated for the first time for primary rectal cancer with curative intent in public hospitals in Catalonia during two study periods: first, with data from 2005 to 2007, and then with data from 2011 to 2012. We obtained the study data through a comprehensive review of patients' clinical records. Information on diagnosis, treatment and follow-up was collected and then compared with the relevant CPGs. We then performed a descriptive analysis of the categorical variables followed by a univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to calculate the odds ratio. Finally, we calculated the recurrence and death rates per person-year at 2 years' follow-up. RESULTS: In total, 3770 people were included in this study. The participants aged 70 and under were more likely to receive neoadjuvant therapy than those aged over 80 (2005/2007, 63 vs 17.4% p < 0.001; 2011/2012, 72 vs 41.1% p < 0.001); however, in the second study period there was less imbalance between the two groups in this regard, showing improved administration of neoadjuvant therapy in the elderly. The quality of surgery was suboptimal in a larger proportion of the elderly population, and the choice of surgical technique was dependent to some extent on the age of the participant. Recurrence and survival rates were significantly better in the second study period. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to younger patients, the most elderly were less likely to receive the recommended adjuvant treatment, laparoscopy and total mesorectal excision. However, we observed improved adherence to the recommended treatment regimen in the most elderly participants, resulting in decreased recurrence and increased survival rates in this population.
Assuntos
Fidelidade a Diretrizes , Padrões de Prática Médica , Neoplasias Retais/terapia , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , EspanhaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Modern management of Oesophageal and oesophagogastric junction (OGJ) cancers requires a multidisciplinary approach, which was implemented at our health centre in 2005. This study aimed to assess the impact of this change on clinical outcomes. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, covering all patients treated for oesophageal and OGJ cancer at the cancer centre established by the Bellvitge University Hospital and Catalonian Institute of Oncology, over two time periods, i.e. 2000-2004 and 2005-2008. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were performed using survival at 1 and 3 years as dependent variables. RESULTS: Between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2008, 586 patients were included. Number of patients with unknown stage at diagnosis was significantly reduced. Preoperative strategies at the oesophageal location clearly increased in the recent period. A multidisciplinary approach resulted in a significant reduction in surgical mortality (11.8 vs. 2 %) in the period 2005-2008. Analysis restricted to patients undergoing surgery with curative intent indicated a significant increase in 1- and 3-year survival in the latter period (68.4 vs. 89.8 and 38.2 vs. 57.1 %, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that variables associated with improved survival were: age; tumour stage; radical intent of treatment (surgery and radical combined chemoradiotherapy); and therapeutic strategy. CONCLUSION: Better selection of patients for therapy together with improved staging resulted in a significant improvement in 1- and 3-year survival in cases undergoing surgery with curative intent. These changes would support the adoption of a multidisciplinary approach to clinical decision-making in cases of oesophageal and OGJ cancer.