RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The severity of non-fatal work-related injuries has seldom been examined among young workers. We estimated the extent and distribution of workdays lost due to non-fatal work injuries using compensation data. METHODS: Data are from the Brazilian Institute of Social Insurance, for 2006. The study population is comprised of all insured workers of age 16-24. Descriptive statistics reflect workdays lost due to health-related disability, according to sex, age group, wage, and trade. RESULTS: Out of 4.8 million insured workers ages 16-24 years, we estimated 1,282,940 workdays lost. We observed a larger number of median workdays lost among males age 20-24 in retail and service trades (83 days) and among 16-19-year-old females in the agriculture/fish/forestry/cattle (142 days). CONCLUSIONS: Young workers experience a heavy burden of work-related injuries. Disability workdays may compromise school attendance and performance. Other potential impacts affect productivity and social insurance costs.
Assuntos
Acidentes de Trabalho/estatística & dados numéricos , Avaliação da Deficiência , Pessoas com Deficiência , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Saúde Ocupacional , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Brasil/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Previdência Social , Indenização aos Trabalhadores/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To obtain national estimates of the annual cumulative incidence and incidence density of severe non-fatal injuries using compensation benefits data from the Brazilian National Social Security Institute (INSS), and to describe their sociodemographic distribution among workers aged under 25 years. METHODS: Data are records of health-related compensation benefits from the Ministry of Social Insurance's information system of compensation benefits of the INSS recorded in 2006. Injuries were cases classified under chapter XIX, ICD-10. The assessment of their relation with work was made by INSS's occupational physician experts. The study population comprised young workers aged 16-24 years. RESULTS: 59,381 workers received compensation benefits for injuries in the study year. Among them 14,491 (24.4%) were work related, 12,501 (86.3%) were male and 1990 were female workers (13.7%). The annual cumulative incidence rate of work-related injuries (ACI-WI) was 2.9×1000 workers, higher among men (4.2×1000) than women (1.0×1000). The incidence density rate (IDR-WI) was 0.7/1000 full-time equivalent (FTE), higher for men (0.97/1000 FTE) than women (0.24/1000 FTE). Both morbidity measures were higher in the younger group (16-19 years), and inversely related to wage, especially for women in the younger group. Logging, extraction, food/beverage and construction industries had higher ACI-WI and IDR-WI for adolescents and young adult workers of both sex groups. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the Brazilian labour laws limiting young adult workers in hazardous settings need to be expanded, adding occupations in other extractive industries and certain types of work in the food/beverage manufacturing industries. Social inequalities associated with sex need to be examined further with more detailed data.
Assuntos
Acidentes de Trabalho/estatística & dados numéricos , Indenização aos Trabalhadores/estatística & dados numéricos , Ferimentos e Lesões/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Brasil/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Fatores Sexuais , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of temporary social security benefits due to respiratory disease granted to employees, as well as the number of lost workdays and costs resulting from those in Brazil between 2003 and 2004. METHODS: Cross-sectional study using data obtained from the Unified System of Benefits of the Brazilian Institute of Social Security (INSS, Instituto Nacional de Seguro Social) and the Brazilian Social Registry Database. Data regarding gender, age, diagnosis and type of economic activity, as well as type, duration and cost of benefits, were compiled. RESULTS: Respiratory diseases accounted for 1.3% of the total number of temporary social security benefits granted by INSS, with a prevalence rate of 9.92 (per 10,000 employment contracts). Females and individuals older than 50 years of age were the most affected. Non-work-related benefits were more common than were work-related benefits. The most prevalent diseases were pneumonia, asthma and COPD, followed by laryngeal and vocal cord diseases. The most prevalent types of economic activity were auxiliary transportation equipment manufacturing, tobacco product manufacturing and computer-related activities. The mean duration of benefits was 209.68 days, with a mean cost of R$ 4,495.30 per occurrence. Respiratory diseases caused by exogenous agents demanded longer sick leave (mean, 296.72 days) and greater cost (mean, R$ 7,105.74). CONCLUSIONS: The most prevalent diseases were airway diseases and pneumonia. Workers from auxiliary transportation equipment manufacturing, tobacco product manufacturing and computer-related activities were the most affected. Diseases caused by exogenous agents demanded longer sick leaves and resulted in greater costs.
Assuntos
Emprego/economia , Transtornos Respiratórios/economia , Previdência Social/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiologia , Computadores , Estudos Transversais , Emprego/estatística & dados numéricos , Equipamentos e Provisões , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ocupações/classificação , Ocupações/estatística & dados numéricos , Transtornos Respiratórios/epidemiologia , Transtornos Respiratórios/etiologia , Licença Médica/economia , Licença Médica/estatística & dados numéricos , Previdência Social/economia , Indústria do Tabaco , Meios de TransporteRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Determinar a prevalência dos benefícios temporários do tipo auxílio-doença, devido a doença respiratória, concedidos aos trabalhadores empregados, bem como os dias de trabalho perdidos e custos decorrentes destes no Brasil entre 2003 e 2004. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com dados obtidos do Sistema Único de Benefícios do Instituto Nacional de Seguro Social (INSS) e do Cadastro Nacional de Informações Sociais. Foram compilados dados sobre o sexo, idade, diagnóstico, ramo de atividade econômica, espécie, duração e custo dos benefícios. RESULTADOS: As doenças respiratórias representaram 1,3 por cento do total de benefícios auxílio-doença concedidos pelo INSS, com um coeficiente de prevalência de 9,92 (por 10.000 vínculos). As mulheres e as faixas etárias acima de 50 anos foram mais acometidas. Os benefícios previdenciários foram mais frequentes que aos acidentários. As doenças mais prevalentes foram pneumonia, asma, DPOC e doenças das cordas vocais e da laringe. Os ramos de atividade econômica mais prevalentes foram fabricação de outros equipamentos de transporte, fabricação de produtos do fumo e atividades de informática e conexas. A média da duração dos benefícios foi de 209,68 dias, com custo médio de R$ 4.495,30 por benefício. As doenças respiratórias por agentes exógenos demandaram maiores tempo de afastamento (média, 296,72 dias) e custo (média, R$ 7.105,74). CONCLUSÕES: As doenças mais prevalentes foram as das vias aéreas e as pneumonias. Os trabalhadores da fabricação de outros equipamentos de transporte, indústria do fumo e da atividade de informática foram os mais incapacitados. As doenças por agentes exógenos demandaram maior custo e duração.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of temporary social security benefits due to respiratory disease granted to employees, as well as the number of lost workdays and costs resulting from those in Brazil between 2003 and 2004. METHODS: Cross-sectional study using data obtained from the Unified System of Benefits of the Brazilian Institute of Social Security (INSS, Instituto Nacional de Seguro Social) and the Brazilian Social Registry Database. Data regarding gender, age, diagnosis and type of economic activity, as well as type, duration and cost of benefits, were compiled. RESULTS: Respiratory diseases accounted for 1.3 percent of the total number of temporary social security benefits granted by INSS, with a prevalence rate of 9.92 (per 10,000 employment contracts). Females and individuals older than 50 years of age were the most affected. Non-work-related benefits were more common than were work-related benefits. The most prevalent diseases were pneumonia, asthma and COPD, followed by laryngeal and vocal cord diseases. The most prevalent types of economic activity were auxiliary transportation equipment manufacturing, tobacco product manufacturing and computer-related activities. The mean duration of benefits was 209.68 days, with a mean cost of R$ 4,495.30 per occurrence. Respiratory diseases caused by exogenous agents demanded longer sick leave (mean, 296.72 days) and greater cost (mean, R$ 7,105.74). CONCLUSIONS: The most prevalent diseases were airway diseases and pneumonia. Workers from auxiliary transportation equipment manufacturing, tobacco product manufacturing and computer-related activities were the most affected. Diseases caused by exogenous agents demanded longer sick leaves and resulted in greater costs.
Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Emprego/economia , Transtornos Respiratórios/economia , Previdência Social/estatística & dados numéricos , Brasil/epidemiologia , Computadores , Estudos Transversais , Equipamentos e Provisões , Emprego/estatística & dados numéricos , Ocupações/classificação , Ocupações/estatística & dados numéricos , Transtornos Respiratórios/epidemiologia , Transtornos Respiratórios/etiologia , Licença Médica/economia , Licença Médica/estatística & dados numéricos , Previdência Social/economia , Indústria do Tabaco , Meios de TransporteRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the contribution of work-related diseases to sick leaves due to general and occupational health problems. METHODS: Sociodemographic, occupational and health data from 29,658 records of temporary disability benefits, granted on account of health problems by the Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social (National Institute of Social Security) in the state of Bahia (Northeastern Brazil), were analyzed. All constant ICD-10 clinical diagnoses were taken into consideration, except for those referring to external causes and factors that influence contact with health services. The link between diagnosis and occupation was based on the ICD-10 code and whether the type of compensation was due to a "work-related accident/disease" or not. RESULTS: From all the benefits, 3.1% were granted due to work-related diseases: 70% were musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases, while 14.5% were related to the nervous system. In general, benefits granted at more than two times the expected frequency were as follows: tenosynovitis in the manufacturing sector (Proportion Ratio-PR=2.70), carpal tunnel syndrome in the financial intermediation sector (PR=2.43), and lumbar disc degeneration in the transportation, postal service and telecommunications sectors (PR=2.17). However, no causal connection could be established for these diseases, in these activity sectors, in a significant percentage of benefits. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest the existence of possible occupational risk factors for diseases in these fields of activity, as well as the underreporting of the link between diseases and work, thus disguising the responsibility of companies and the perspective of prevention through work reorganization.
Assuntos
Acidentes de Trabalho/estatística & dados numéricos , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Indenização aos Trabalhadores/estatística & dados numéricos , Acidentes de Trabalho/economia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Doenças do Tecido Conjuntivo/economia , Doenças do Tecido Conjuntivo/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Formulário de Reclamação de Seguro , Masculino , Morbidade , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/economia , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/economia , Saúde Ocupacional , Sistema de Registros , Fatores de Risco , Previdência Social , Indenização aos Trabalhadores/economia , Ferimentos e Lesões/economia , Ferimentos e Lesões/epidemiologiaRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Estimar a contribuição das doenças relacionadas ao trabalho nos afastamentos por problemas de saúde em geral e ocupacionais. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados dados sociodemográficos, ocupacionais e de saúde referentes a 29.658 registros dos benefícios por incapacidade temporária concedidos por agravos à saúde pelo Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social, no Estado da Bahia, em 2000. Foram considerados casos todos os diagnósticos clínicos constantes da CID-10, com exceção das causas externas e fatores que influenciam o contato com os serviços de saúde. A vinculação do diagnóstico com a ocupação baseou-se no código CID-10 e se a espécie do benefício era "acidentária". RESULTADOS: Dentre os benefícios, 3,1 por cento foram concedidos para doenças do trabalho: 70 por cento eram doenças do sistema osteomuscular e do tecido conjuntivo e 14,5 por cento do sistema nervoso. No geral, benefícios concedidos numa freqüência maior que o dobro da esperada foram: para tenossinovites na indústria da transformação (Razão de Proporção-RP=2,70), síndrome do túnel do carpo na intermediação financeira (RP=2,43) e transtornos do disco lombar no ramo de transporte, correio e telecomunicações (RP=2,17). Entretanto, não foi estabelecido nexo causal para estas doenças, nesses ramos de atividade, em percentual significativo de benefícios. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados sugerem a existência de possíveis fatores de risco ocupacionais para enfermidades nesses ramos de atividade, como também o sub-registro da vinculação das patologias com o trabalho, camuflando a responsabilidade das empresas e a perspectiva de prevenção pela reorganização do trabalho.
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the contribution of work-related diseases to sick leaves due to general and occupational health problems. METHODS: Sociodemographic, occupational and health data from 29,658 records of temporary disability benefits, granted on account of health problems by the Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social (National Institute of Social Security) in the state of Bahia (Northeastern Brazil), were analyzed. All constant ICD-10 clinical diagnoses were taken into consideration, except for those referring to external causes and factors that influence contact with health services. The link between diagnosis and occupation was based on the ICD-10 code and whether the type of compensation was due to a "work-related accident/disease" or not. RESULTS: From all the benefits, 3.1 percent were granted due to work-related diseases: 70 percent were musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases, while 14.5 percent were related to the nervous system. In general, benefits granted at more than two times the expected frequency were as follows: tenosynovitis in the manufacturing sector (Proportion Ratio-PR=2.70), carpal tunnel syndrome in the financial intermediation sector (PR=2.43), and lumbar disc degeneration in the transportation, postal service and telecommunications sectors (PR=2.17). However, no causal connection could be established for these diseases, in these activity sectors, in a significant percentage of benefits. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest the existence of possible occupational risk factors for diseases in these fields of activity, as well as the underreporting of the link between diseases and work, thus disguising the responsibility of companies and the perspective of prevention through work reorganization.
OBJETIVO: Estimar la contribución de las enfermedades relacionadas al trabajo en las licencias por problemas de salud en general y ocupacionales. MÉTODOS: Fueron analizados datos sociodemográficos, ocupacionales y de salud referentes a 29.658 registros de los beneficios por incapacidad temporal concedidos por agravamientos a la salud por el Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social, en el estado de Bahia (Nordeste de Brasil), en 2000. Fueron considerados como casos todos los diagnósticos clínicos constantes de CID-10, con excepción de las causas externas y factores que influencian el contacto con los servicios de salud. La vinculación del diagnóstico con la ocupación se baso en el código CID-10 y si la especie de beneficio era "accidentaria". RESULTADOS: De los beneficios, 3,1 por ciento fueron concedidos para enfermedades de trabajo: 70 por ciento eran enfermedades del sistema osteomuscular y del tejido conjuntivo y 14,5 por ciento del sistema nervioso. En general, beneficios concedidos en una frecuencia mas grande que el doble de lo esperado fueron: para tenossinovites en la industria de transformación (Razón de Proporción-RP=2,70), síndrome del túnel del carpo en la intermediación financiera (RP=2,43) y trastornos del disco lumbar en el ramo del transporte, correo y telecomunicaciones (RP=2,17). Sin embargo, no fue establecido nexo causal para estas enfermedades, en estos ramos de actividad, en porcentual significativo de beneficios. CONCLUSÕES: Los resultados sugieren la existencia de posibles factores de riesgo ocupacionales para enfermedades en estos ramos de actividad, como también el sub-registro de la vinculación de las patologías con el trabajo, camuflando la responsabilidad de las empresas y la perspectiva de premención por la reorganización del trabajo.
Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Acidentes de Trabalho/estatística & dados numéricos , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Indenização aos Trabalhadores/estatística & dados numéricos , Acidentes de Trabalho/economia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Doenças do Tecido Conjuntivo/economia , Doenças do Tecido Conjuntivo/epidemiologia , Formulário de Reclamação de Seguro , Morbidade , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/economia , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/economia , Saúde Ocupacional , Sistema de Registros , Fatores de Risco , Previdência Social , Indenização aos Trabalhadores/economia , Ferimentos e Lesões/economia , Ferimentos e Lesões/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Neste estudo estimam-se a mortalidade por acidentes de trabalho, anos potenciais de vida perdidos, e também a incidência de acidentes de trabalho graves (mais de 15 dias de afastamento), na Bahia, Brasil, no ano 2000. Fatores de correção foram elaborados comparando-se diferentes fontes de dados. Foram empregados benefícios da Previdência Social do Sistema Unico de Benefícios (SUB), do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM) do Ministério da Saúde, e Censo Demográfico. A mortalidade por acidentes de trabalho foi de 0,79 x 100 mil trabalhadores, com base no SIM, mas com o SUB a estimativa é de 13,17 x 100 mil. Assumindo-se esta medida para todos os trabalhadores, estima-se um fator de correção para o SIM de 16,67. A estimativa de anos potenciais de vida perdidos foi de 23.249 e a incidência de acidentes de trabalho graves com pelo menos duas semanas de afastamento foi de 2,3 por cento. Acidentes de trabalho são evitáveis, mas ainda comuns no país. A subenumeração é expressiva, e estatísticas corrigidas deveriam ser estimadas e divulgadas contribuindo para a priorização desse negligenciado problema de saúde pública.
This study of occupational accidents presents estimates for mortality, years of potential life lost, and cumulative incidence of severe cases (over 15 workdays lost) in Bahia State, Brazil, 2000. A correction factor was produced by comparing different data sources. Data were taken from compensation claims in the National Social Security Unified Benefits System (SUB), death certificates from the Ministry of Health Mortality Information System, and national census. Occupational accident-related mortality was estimated as 0.79 per 100,000 workers using the Mortality Information System, but increased to 13.17 per 100,000 using the SUB database. Assuming the latter result for the entire workforce produced a correction factor of 16.67 for the Mortality Information System database. Years of potential life lost were 23,249, and the cumulative incidence of severe occupational accidents was 2.3 percent. Occupational accidents are preventable, but still common in Brazil. Underreporting is widespread, and corrected statistics need to be published, thereby turning this neglected public health problem into a policy priority.
Assuntos
Acidentes de Trabalho/mortalidade , Sistemas de Informação , Expectativa de Vida , Sistema Único de Saúde , Fatores Etários , Brasil , IncidênciaRESUMO
This study of occupational accidents presents estimates for mortality, years of potential life lost, and cumulative incidence of severe cases (over 15 workdays lost) in Bahia State, Brazil, 2000. A correction factor was produced by comparing different data sources. Data were taken from compensation claims in the National Social Security Unified Benefits System (SUB), death certificates from the Ministry of Health Mortality Information System, and national census. Occupational accident-related mortality was estimated as 0.79 per 100,000 workers using the Mortality Information System, but increased to 13.17 per 100,000 using the SUB database. Assuming the latter result for the entire workforce produced a correction factor of 16.67 for the Mortality Information System database. Years of potential life lost were 23,249, and the cumulative incidence of severe occupational accidents was 2.3%. Occupational accidents are preventable, but still common in Brazil. Underreporting is widespread, and corrected statistics need to be published, thereby turning this neglected public health problem into a policy priority.
Assuntos
Acidentes de Trabalho/mortalidade , Expectativa de Vida , Saúde Ocupacional , Indenização aos Trabalhadores , Acidentes de Trabalho/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Idoso , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Humanos , Incidência , Sistemas de Informação , Seguro de Acidentes , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise de Sobrevida , Índices de Gravidade do TraumaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the proportion of occupational accident benefits granted within the total for health-related social security benefits, viewing the costs according to benefit type and the impact on productivity according to work days lost. METHODS: Records of benefit decisions from the National Benefits System of the National Social Security Institute for the State of Bahia in 2000 were utilized. Occupational accidents were defined in accordance with the clinical diagnoses of External Causes, Injuries and Poisoning (SS-00 to T99) of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, and with the benefit type, which distinguishes between occupational and non-occupational health problems. RESULTS: A total of 31,096 benefits granted due to illnesses or health problems were studied. Of these, 2,857 (7.3%) were caused by work accidents. Greater proportions were found among workers in the manufacturing, construction, electricity and gas industries, accounting for 18% of the total benefits. The costs of occupational accident benefits were estimated to be R$8.5 million, with around half a million work days lost during the year studied. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the fact that these data are under-reported and are restricted to workers who were able to receive health-related benefits, the findings reveal that avoidable health problems have a major impact on productivity and on the budget of the National Social Security Institute, thereby reinforcing the need for their prevention.
Assuntos
Absenteísmo , Acidentes de Trabalho/economia , Custos de Saúde para o Empregador/estatística & dados numéricos , Indústrias/economia , Seguro de Acidentes/economia , Doenças Profissionais/economia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Comércio/estatística & dados numéricos , Custos e Análise de Custo , Avaliação da Deficiência , Humanos , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Previdência Social/economia , Previdência Social/estatística & dados numéricos , Indenização aos TrabalhadoresRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Estimar a contribuição de benefícios concedidos por acidentes de trabalho dentre o total de benefícios relacionados com a saúde da Previdência Social, focalizando os custos conforme o tipo de benefício, e o impacto sobre a produtividade relativa a dias perdidos de trabalho. MÉTODOS: Utilizam-se registros dos despachos de benefícios do Sistema Unico de Benefícios do Instituto Nacional de Seguridade Social da Bahia, em 2000. Acidentes de trabalho foram definidos com o diagnóstico clínico para Causas Externas, Lesões e Envenenamentos (SS-00 a T99) da Classificação Internacional de Doenças 10ª Revisão, e o tipo de benefício que distingue problemas de saúde ocupacionais e não ocupacionais. RESULTADOS: Foram estudados 31.096 benefícios concedidos por doenças ou agravos à saúde, dos quais 2.857 (7,3 por cento) eram devidos a acidentes de trabalho. Maiores proporções foram estimadas entre os trabalhadores da indústria da transformação e construção/eletricidade/gás, 18 por cento do total dos benefícios. Os custos com os benefícios para acidentes de trabalho foram estimados em R$8,5 milhões, com aproximadamente meio milhão de dias perdidos de trabalho no ano. CONCLUSÕES: Apesar do conhecimento de que esses dados são sub-enumerados, e restritos aos trabalhadores que conseguiram receber benefícios relacionados com a saúde, os achados revelam o grande impacto sobre a produtividade e o orçamento do Instituto Nacional de Previdência Social de agravos reconhecidos como evitáveis, reforçando a necessidade de sua prevenção.
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the proportion of occupational accident benefits granted within the total for health-related social security benefits, viewing the costs according to benefit type and the impact on productivity according to work days lost. METHODS: Records of benefit decisions from the National Benefits System of the National Social Security Institute for the State of Bahia in 2000 were utilized. Occupational accidents were defined in accordance with the clinical diagnoses of External Causes, Injuries and Poisoning (SS-00 to T99) of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, and with the benefit type, which distinguishes between occupational and non-occupational health problems. RESULTS: A total of 31,096 benefits granted due to illnesses or health problems were studied. Of these, 2,857 (7.3 percent) were caused by work accidents. Greater proportions were found among workers in the manufacturing, construction, electricity and gas industries, accounting for 18 percent of the total benefits. The costs of occupational accident benefits were estimated to be R$8.5 million, with around half a million work days lost during the year studied. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the fact that these data are under-reported and are restricted to workers who were able to receive health-related benefits, the findings reveal that avoidable health problems have a major impact on productivity and on the budget of the National Social Security Institute, thereby reinforcing the need for their prevention.