RESUMO
Knowledge about the relevance of the left inferior frontal gyrus (lIFG) and the left posterior superior temporal gyrus (lpSTG) in visual recognition of word categories is limited at present. tDCS is a non-invasive brain stimulation method that alters cortical activity and excitability, and thus might be a useful tool for delineating the specific impact of both areas on word recognition. The objective of this study was to explore whether the visual recognition process of verb categories is improved by a single tDCS session. lIFG and lpSTG areas were separately modulated by anodal tDCS to evaluate its effects on verbal recognition. Compared to sham stimulation, motor reaction times (RTs) were reduced after anodal tDCS over the lpSTG, and this effect was independent of the performing hand (right/left). These findings suggest that this region is involved in visual word recognition independently from the performing hand.
Assuntos
Estimulação Transcraniana por Corrente Contínua , Humanos , Estimulação Transcraniana por Corrente Contínua/métodos , Idioma , Análise e Desempenho de Tarefas , Córtex Pré-Frontal/fisiologia , Tempo de Reação/fisiologiaRESUMO
The objective of this research was to study victimization and aggression in adolescent and young couple relationships, as well as to identify the directionality of violence perpetration in a sample of 984 people between 15 and 31 years of age, of which 58.2% were women and 41.8% were men. Regarding the educational level of the population under study, 26% were students of junior high school, senior high school, or vocational training and 56.5% were college students. The research design followed the nonprobability purposive sampling method and used the DVQ-R questionnaire. The results suggest that violence is 65.2% bidirectional and 14.30% unidirectional, being bidirectionality more frequent in psychological violence and decreasing when physical violence occurs. The results reveal the need to integrate the diï¬erent modalities of dating violence (unidirectional and bidirectional) and unperceived violence -that gives rise to technical abuse- into the diï¬erent prevention programs addressed to adolescents and youth.
El objetivo de esta investigación ha sido estudiar la victimización y la agresión en las relaciones de parejas adolescentes y jóvenes, así como comprobar la direccionalidad de la violencia perpetrada a través del estudio de 984 personas. Las edades están comprendidas entre los 15 y los 31 años de edad. En cuanto a la distribución de los sexos, el 58.2% son mujeres y el 41.8% restante hombres. Respecto al nivel educativo de la muestra, el 56.5% son universitarios y el 26% tienen estudios secundarios, bachillerato o formación profesional. El diseño de la investigación ha sido de tipo no probabilístico intencional. Se utilizó el Cuestionario Cuvino-R (Rodríguez-Díaz et al., 2017). Los resultados indican que la violencia se muestra bidireccional en un 65,2% y unidireccional en un 14,30%, siendo la bidireccionalidad más frecuente en la violencia psicológica, y disminuyendo cuando se agrava la conducta con violencia física. Con base en estos resultados, se debería discutir la necesidad de integrar las diferentes modalidades de violencia en la relación (Unidireccional o Bidireccional) y la violencia no percibida que da lugar al maltrato técnico en los diferentes campos de la prevención con adolescentes y jóvenes.