RESUMO
Lacazia loboi in the last of the classical fungal pathogen to remain a toxonomic enigma, primarily because is has resisted cultivation and only causes cutaneous ans subcutaneous infections in humans and dolphins in the New World tropics. To place it in the evolutionary tree of life, as has been done for the other enigmatic human pathogen Pneumocystis carinii and Rhinosporidium seeberi, we amplified its 18S small-subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) and 600 bp of its chitin synthase-2-gene. Our phylogenetic analysis indicated that L. loboi is the sister taxon of the human dimorphic fungal pathogen Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and that both species belong with the other dimorphic fungal pathogen in the order Onygenales. The low nucleotide variation among three P. brasiliensis 18S rDNA sequences contrasts with surprising that the nucleic acid apidemiology of this hydrophilic pathogen will be rewarding
Assuntos
Humanos , Paracoccidioidomicose/diagnóstico , Paracoccidioidomicose/imunologia , Paracoccidioidomicose/microbiologia , Filogenia , Onygenales/classificação , Onygenales/genéticaRESUMO
For the past 100 years the phyligenetic affinities of Rhinosporidium seeberi have been controversial. Based on its morphological features, it has been classified as a protozoan or as a member of the kingdom Fungi. We have amplified and sequenced nearly a full-length 18S small-subunit (SSU) ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence from R. seebery. Using phylogenetic analysis, by parsimony and distante methods. , of R. seeberi's 18S SSU rDNA and that of other eukaryotes, we found that this enigmatic pathogen of human and animals, clusters with a novel group of fish parasites referred to as the DRIP clade (Dermocystidium, rossete agent, Ichthyophonus, and Psorospermium), near the animal-fungal divergence. Our phylogenetic analyses also indicate that R. seeberi is the sister taxon of the two Dermocystidium form spherical structures in infected hosts, produce endospores, have not been cultured, and possess mitochondria with flat cristae. With the sddition of R. seeberi to this clade, the acronym DRIP is no longer appropriate. We propose to name this monophyletic clade Mesomycetozoa to reflect the group's phylogenetic association within the Eucarya
Assuntos
Humanos , Rhinosporidium/genética , Rhinosporidium/imunologia , Rinosporidiose/classificação , Rinosporidiose/diagnóstico , Rinosporidiose/patologia , DNA Fúngico/classificação , DNA Fúngico/genética , DNA Fúngico/isolamento & purificação , FilogeniaRESUMO
Studies of Rhinosporidium seeberi have demonstrated that this organism has a complex life cycle in infected tissues. Its in vivo life cycles is initiated with the release of endospores into a host's tissues from its spherical sporangia. However, little is known about the mechanisms of sporangium formation and endospore release sice this pathogen is intractable to culture. We have studied the in vitro mechanisms of endospores release from viable R. seeberi's sporangia. It was found that watery substances visibly stimulates the mature sporangia of R. seeberi to the point of endospore discharge. The internal rearrangement of the endospores within the mature sporangea, the opening of an apical pore in R. seeberi's cell wall, and the active release of the endospores were the main features of this process. Only one pore per sporangium was observed. The findings of early stages of pore developement in juvenile and intermediate sporangia suggsted that its formation is genetically programed and that it is not a random process. The stimulation of R. seeberi's sporangia by water supports the epidemiological studies that had linked this pathogen with wet environments. It also explains, in part, its affinities for mucous membranes in infected hosts. The microscopic features of endospore discharge suggest a connection with organisms classified in the Kingdom Protoctista. This study strongly supports a recent findingd that palced R. seeberi with organisms in the protoctistan Mesomycetozoa clade
Assuntos
Humanos , Rhinosporidium/classificação , Rhinosporidium/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Rhinosporidium/patogenicidade , Rinosporidiose/microbiologia , Rinosporidiose/patologia , Rinosporidiose/transmissão , Mucosa/microbiologiaRESUMO
Se informa el estudio realizado en la Cueva del Eden (Cunday, Tolima) para aislar, de las tierras de la cueva y de murcielagos alli capturados, al Histoplasma Capsulatum, como agente causal de una anterior epidemia de histoplasmosis ocurrida entre visitantes de la cueva. El agente se aislo en 8 de las 27 muestras de tierra y guano de murcielago. Se capturaron 233 ejemplares pertenecientes a 4 generos de murcielagos y en los cultivos practicados en higado, pulmon y bazo de cien de ellos, no fue posible aislar el H. Capsulatum
Assuntos
Animais , Quirópteros/parasitologia , Histoplasmose/transmissão , Colômbia , Solo/análiseRESUMO
THE OPPORTUNITY TO STUDY AN M. CANIS INFECTION OF THE ARM, IN WHICH THE FUNGAL ELEMENTS IN THE DERMIS WERE ORGANIZED INTO GRANULE-LIKE STRUCTU RES, PROMPTED US TO COMPARE OUR HISTOLOGICAL MATERIAL WITH THAT FROM REPORTED CASES OF DERMATOPHYTE AND EUMYCOTIC MYCETOMAS. THE M. CANIS INFECTION WAS IN A 25-YEAR-OLD WHITE WOMAN FROM OHIO WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. SHE HAD A FLUCTUANT DRAINING ABSCESS ON THE LEFT FOREARM OF 5 MONTHS' DURATION. ON CULTURE THE EXUDATE AND GRANULES FROM THE ABS CESS YIELDED M. CANIS. THE RESULTS OF OUR COMPARATIVE STUDY ARE PRESEN TED IN THIS REPORT
Assuntos
Dermatomicoses , Arthrodermataceae , Mycobacterium , Micoses , Estados UnidosRESUMO
After two small outbreaks of histoplasmosis in Belize, an epidemiological survey was carried out. Forty percent of 141 persons in two groups tested demonstrated a positive histoplasmin reaction. In one study group there was a significant association between visiting caves and histoplasmin positivity. Histoplasma capusulation was not isolated in 20 soil specimens collected from outbreak-associated caves, but was isolated from 1 of 26 bats collected from the same caves. The presence of histoplasmosis in Belize, C.A. is documented, and this disease should be considered in differential diagnosis in patients, both residents and visitors in Belize, with compatible clinical presentations (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Masculino , Feminino , Histoplasmose/epidemiologia , Microbiologia do Solo , BelizeRESUMO
Spanish and English documents are bound together in one volume. Available only in English Spanish
Meeting of the Advisory Committee on Medical Research, 16. Pan American Health Organization; 11-15 Jul. 1977
Assuntos
Pesquisa , Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde , Micoses , Infecções Bacterianas , América Latina , Região do CaribeRESUMO
Meeting of the Advisory Committe on Medical Research, 14. Pan American Health Organization; 7-10 Jul. 1975
Assuntos
Pesquisa , Micoses , Doenças Respiratórias , Formulação de Políticas , Região do Caribe , América LatinaRESUMO
A wide variety of bat inhabitats was surveyed for the presence of Histoplasma capsulatum and other human pathogenic fungi. H. capsulatum was recovered from 9 tree hollows. Four isolates of Allescheria boydii and 7 of Microsporum gypseum were obtained from similar arboreal sites. The significance of these findings is discussed (summary)
Assuntos
Histoplasma/isolamento & purificação , Quirópteros/parasitologia , Fungos Mitospóricos/isolamento & purificação , Pseudallescheria/isolamento & purificação , Microsporum/isolamento & purificação , Trinidad e TobagoRESUMO
The existence of Histoplasma capsulatum on the island of Trinidad has been established for the first time. This fungus was recovered from 4 of 24 soil specimens collected in oil bird (Steatornis caripensis) caves and from 2 soils collected in bat cave. The significance of these findings was discussed (Summary)
Assuntos
21003 , Histoplasma , Aves , Microbiologia do Solo , Trinidad e TobagoRESUMO
With the exception of coccidioidomycosis, Canada and the United States share the same pulmonary mycoses; however, there are significant differences in their incidence and prevalence
Lack of suitable habitats for the survival and growth of Coccidioides immitis undoubtedly accounts for this organism's absence from Canada. That country simply does not possess a climate that creates and maintains semi-arid regions similar to those of the North American southwest in which C. immitis flourishes
Publicado en inglés en el Public Health Rep 84(10): 669-877, 1969
Climatic differences may also account for the disparity in the extent of Blastomyces dermatitidis and Histoplasma capsulatum infections in the two countries -a high infection rate in the United States and a relative low infection rate in Canada. But the systemic mycoses do take a heavy toll of lives and have high morbidity rates; thereby, they constitute a serious public health problem. Knowledge of the epimiology of these diseases, when applied judiciously for control purposes, will reduce their incidence(AU)
Assuntos
Pneumopatias Fúngicas , Coccidioidomicose , Blastomicose , Monitoramento Epidemiológico , Canadá , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Histoplasma capsulatum is a soil fungus with a wide geographic distribution. It has not only been isolated repeatedly from soil specimens but both its micro- and macroconidia have been demonstrated in soil, air, and water. The occurrence of these spores in nature unequivocally proves that H. camsulatum actively grows and multiplies in soil as a saprophyte and does not merely reside there in a passive state. This conclusion is based on the fact that conidia are not produced by H. capsulatum in its parasitic phase
Ecological studies carried out in Williamson County, Tennessee, with Zeidberg during the period of 1952-1955, first revealed that H. capsulatum is not uniformly distributed in nature. It was found that chicken habitats favored the development of this mold. Soil samples collected at random yielded few isolates of H. capsulatum, while specimens collected in and around chicken yards, especially chicken coops, gave a higher percentage of positive cultures
Chickens are not the sole species of birds associated with H. camsulatum habitats. It has been recovered from sites enriched with the dung of grackles (Ouscalus quiscula), oil birds (Steatornis caripensis), pigeons (Columba livia), and starlings (Surnus vulgaris)
Avian habitats or soil obtained from such areas and transported elsewhere have been incriminated on numerous occasions as the source of outbreaks of acute pulmonary histop. ...(AU)