RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of Bixa Orellana (BO) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) presenting moderate lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: It is a prospective double-blind randomized placebo-controlled study. One thousand four hundred and seventy eight patients presenting moderate LUTS associated to BPH were interviewed, from whom we selected 136 to fulfill the criteria of inclusion and exclusion. Assignation was performed at random in blocks of four to receive B0 at a dose of 250 mg 3 times a day or placebo (Pbo) for 12 months, 68 patients were assigned to each group. From the patients in the study we obtained data of demographic, epidemiologic, symptom score, uroflowmetry and post void residual urine variables. RESULTS: Basically both groups were compared clinically, demographically and biochemically. Throughout the study variations of symptom score, mean delta symptom score during each visit and the final average delta were similar for both groups (BO - 0.79 +/- 1.87 and Pbo - 1.07 +/- 1.49) (p = 0.33). Similarly variations of Qmax mean, Qmax average delta and final average delta were similar (BO 0.44 +/- 1.07 and Pbo 0.47 +/- 1.32) (p = 0.88). Variations of post void residual urine mean, post void residual urine average delta in each visit and the final average delta were similar for both groups (BO 4.24 +/- 11.69 and Pbo 9.01 +/- 18.66) (p = 0.07). No differences were found in the answers of clinically significant improvement assessed with relative risk and risk differences, even though the proportion of adverse effects was similar for both groups. CONCLUSION: Patients with BPH that present moderate LUTS did not show any benefit receiving BO when compared to placebo.
Assuntos
Bixaceae/química , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Hiperplasia Prostática/complicações , Prostatismo/tratamento farmacológico , Obstrução do Colo da Bexiga Urinária/tratamento farmacológico , Idoso , Método Duplo-Cego , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Peru , Placebos , Extratos Vegetais/efeitos adversos , Folhas de Planta/química , Estudos Prospectivos , Prostatismo/etiologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Obstrução do Colo da Bexiga Urinária/etiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of Bixa Orellana (BO) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) presenting moderate lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: It is a prospective double-blind randomized placebo-controlled study. One thousand four hundred and seventy eight patients presenting moderate LUTS associated to BPH were interviewed, from whom we selected 136 to fulfill the criteria of inclusion and exclusion. Assignation was performed at random in blocks of four to receive B0 at a dose of 250 mg 3 times a day or placebo (Pbo) for 12 months, 68 patients were assigned to each group. From the patients in the study we obtained data of demographic, epidemiologic, symptom score, uroflowmetry and post void residual urine variables. RESULTS: Basically both groups were compared clinically, demographically and biochemically. Throughout the study variations of symptom score, mean delta symptom score during each visit and the final average delta were similar for both groups (BO - 0.79 ± 1.87 and Pbo - 1.07 ± 1.49) (p = 0.33). Similarly variations of Qmax mean, Qmax average delta and final average delta were similar (BO 0.44 ± 1.07 and Pbo 0.47 ± 1.32) (p = 0.88). Variations of post void residual urine mean, post void residual urine average delta in each visit and the final average delta were similar for both groups (BO 4.24 ± 11.69 and Pbo 9.01 ± 18.66) (p = 0.07). No differences were found in the answers of clinically significant improvement assessed with relative risk and risk differences, even though the proportion of adverse effects was similar for both groups. CONCLUSION: Patients with BPH that present moderate LUTS did not show any benefit receiving BO when compared to placebo.
Assuntos
Idoso , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Bixaceae/química , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Hiperplasia Prostática/complicações , Prostatismo/tratamento farmacológico , Obstrução do Colo da Bexiga Urinária/tratamento farmacológico , Método Duplo-Cego , Peru , Placebos , Estudos Prospectivos , Extratos Vegetais/efeitos adversos , Folhas de Planta/química , Prostatismo/etiologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Obstrução do Colo da Bexiga Urinária/etiologiaRESUMO
Se presenta un análisis de la composición florística, formas de vida, importancia y estrategias para la conservación de un bosque relicto de la Vertiente Occidental Andina del norte del Perú, descrito por primera vez y denominado La Oscurana (caserío El Nogal, distrito Bolívar, provincia San Miguel de Pallaques, Cajamarca; 6°90'S y 79°08'O, 2000-2800 m). El análisis preliminar incluye 85 familias, 169 géneros y 258 especies de plantas vasculares, de las cuales 15 familias corresponden a Pteridophyta y 70 a Magnoliophyta. En los ámbitos genérico y específico las Asteraceae son las mejor representadas de las Magnoliopsida y las Orchidaceae de las Liliopsida. Las formas de vida predominantes en cuanto a familia se reúnen en seis categorías: hierbas con 29 familias (34%), arbustos con 14 (16%), árboles con 9 (11%), trepadoras/lianas con 9 (11%), hierbas/arbustos con 7 (8%) y hierbas/epífitas con 5 familias (6%). Se encontró que además de albergar una diversidad excepcional y brindar utilidad económica local, muchas de las especies no están registradas en las vertientes occidentales andinas del norte y del sur. Por la importancia que posee y por ser uno de los últimos bosques relictos existentes, la conservación legal de éste frágil ecosistema es urgente. Se propone que debe ser declarada zona de protección o intangible y que su conservación debe ser integral, involucrando a científicos, Estado, gobiernos regionales, gobiernos locales y población.
Floristic composition, the life forms, the importance and strategies for the conservation of a newly discovered relict forest in the north of Peru, called La Oscurana, are analyzed (El Nogal Hamlet, Bolívar District, San Miguel de Pallaques Province, Cajamarca Department; 6° 90' S y 79° 08' W, 2000-2800 m). The preliminary analysis includes 85 families, 169 genera and 258 species of vascular plants, 15 families are Pteridophyta and 70 Magnoliophyta. The family with the most genera and species are the Asteraceae in the Magnoliopsida, and the Orchidaceae in the Liliopsida. The predominant life forms of the families can be divided in 6 different categories: herbs 29 (34%), shrubs 14 (16%), trees 9 (11%), lianas 9 (11%), herbs/shrubs 7 (8%) and epiphytes 5 (6%). The exceptional diversity and the local economic use are discussed. The conservation of this fragile and important ecosystem is urgent. It is one of the last existing relict forests in the region. The forest should be declared as a protected zone. Scientists, state officials, members of the regional government and the local people should work out together in the conservation plan.
RESUMO
High-risk HPVs play a causal role in the development of cervical cancer, and their E6 oncoproteins target h-Dlg for ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. The h-Dlg oncosuppressor is associated with cell-cell interactions, and deregulation of these structures leads to defective cell adhesion, loss of cell polarity and unregulated proliferation. We evaluated the contribution of this E6 activity in the progression to malignancy in HPV infections by analyzing h-Dlg expression in HPV-associated lesions. We analyzed h-Dlg in cervical, laryngeal, vulvar, colon and kidney histologic samples by Dlg immunohistochemistry. HPV association was ascertained by a PCR-colorimetric method. Although Dlg was certainly expressed in intraepithelial cervical, vulvar and laryngeal HPV-associated lesions, its cellular and tissue distribution patterns were altered compared to normal tissue. However, marked reduction in Dlg levels was observed in HPV-positive invasive cervical carcinomas. To elucidate whether the loss of Dlg was significant for carcinogenesis in general, we investigated Dlg expression in tumors not associated with HPV. In colon and kidney carcinomas, Dlg was expressed, albeit with a different pattern of distribution with respect to the normal tissue. The loss of Dlg may be considered a late-stage marker in cervical carcinogenesis, but alterations in its expression and localization take place during the different dysplastic stages. Dlg downregulation and/or alterations in its localization may contribute to transformation and may explain some of the characteristics of the malignant cells, such as loss of polarity and high migration ability.
Assuntos
Papillomaviridae , Infecções por Papillomavirus/patologia , Proteínas/genética , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/patologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/patologia , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal , Colo do Útero/patologia , Colo do Útero/virologia , Proteína 1 Homóloga a Discs-Large , Progressão da Doença , Células Epiteliais/patologia , Células Epiteliais/virologia , Feminino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/genética , Genes Supressores de Tumor , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Proteínas de Membrana , Invasividade Neoplásica , Papillomaviridae/classificação , Papillomaviridae/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Papillomavirus/genética , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/genética , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/virologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/virologiaRESUMO
Este es un informe preliminar de los resultados obtenidos al aplicar un método derivado del entrenamiento autogénico, solo o combinado con biorretroalimentación electromiográfica, como auxiliares en el tratamiento del asma bronquial. Se presentan los resultados obtenidos en 9 pacientes, en quienes se comparan algunas variables clínicas del asma antes y después del tratamiento. Estas son: crisis, silbido, dificultad respiratoria, despertares nocturmos e inhalación del broncoldilatador. Los datos se sometieron a la prueba de contraste de Wilcoxon y todas las diferencias resultraron significativas