RESUMO
Native lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are capable of growing during winemaking, thereby strongly affecting wine quality. The species of LAB present in musts, wines during malolactic fermentation (MLF), and barrels/filters were investigated in wineries from the emerging wine region of Queretaro, México using multiplex PCR and culture. The resistance to wine-like conditions (WLC): ethanol (10, 12, and 13%), SO2 (30 mgâ l-1), and low pH (3.5) of native LAB strains was also studied. Five species were detected within 61 samples obtained: Oenococcus oeni, Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus parvulus, Lactobacillus hilgardi, and Lactobacillus brevis. Four species (excepting L. brevis) were found in must; O. oeni and P. parvulus were ubiquitous in wine and L. plantarum and L. brevis were mainly present at the initial stage of MLF, while L. hilgardii was mostly detected at the advanced stage. Furthermore, some species detected in barrel/filter, prove them to be hazardous reservoirs. From 822 LAB isolates, only 119 resisted WLC with 10% ethanol; the number of strains able to grow in WLC with 13% ethanol decreased approximately by 50%, O. oeni being the most versatile species with 65% of resistant isolates, while Lactobacillus spp. and P. parvulus were the most strongly affected, especially those recovered from barrel/filter, with less than 10% of resistant isolates. This study evidences the presence of local strains able to be used as starter cultures, and also enabled the assessment of the risks derived from the presence of spoilage LAB strains resistant to WLC.
RESUMO
IgA nephropathy, also called Berger's disease, is characterized by recurrent gross hematuria or persistent microscopic hematuria, together with mesangial glomerular deposits of IgA found in the renal biopsy. Seven children with IgA nephropathy were studied. Most of them presented initially with recurrent macroscopic hematuria and low or moderate-grade proteinuria, without hypertension or renal function impairment. Only one patient presented with a rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. Four patients did not receive any treatment; one of them is in remission, one has improved and two remain with moderate proteinuria and hematuria. One patient with significant proteinuria improved after prednisone and azathioprine treatment. The patient with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis improved his renal function after oral prednisone and intravenous boluses of methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide.
Assuntos
Glomerulonefrite por IGA/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Biópsia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Hematúria/diagnóstico , Humanos , Rim/patologia , Masculino , Microscopia Eletrônica , Proteinúria/diagnóstico , RecidivaRESUMO
Based on the Guatemalan program of vitamin A fortification of sugar, a longitudinal evaluation on serum retinol levels of preschool-aged children was performed. Five consecutive surveys executed every 6 months were examined, considering only children who were surveyed more than once. Thus, the changes in their serum retinol after the intervention were evaluated. Natural dietary vitamin A remained unchanged throughout. Addition of retinyl palmitate to sugar increased significantly the intake (p < 0.001). After 1 yr of fortification 76% of the children experienced an elevation of retinol. All those with initial values < 20 microgram/dl showed an increase. Mean values increased significantly, particularly for children below 20 microgram/dl whose levels changed from 16.2 +/- 2.9 to 30.2 +/- 9.7 (P < 0.00001). Those between 20 to 29 microgram/dl increased from 24.9 +/- 3.2 to 30.1 +/- 8.1 (p < 0.0003). Similar results were obtained after 2 yr. The results indicated the effectiveness of the program in raising serum retinol levels.
Assuntos
Sacarose , Vitamina A/análogos & derivados , Vitamina A/sangue , Pré-Escolar , Diterpenos , Alimentos Fortificados , Guatemala , Humanos , Palmitatos/farmacologia , Ésteres de Retinil , Vitamina A/farmacologiaRESUMO
The "minilap" an integrated procedure is described. With local anesthesia one can achieve omental and liver punch biopsy, transhepatic cholangiography, visualization of th portal venous system and at the same time determine its pressure. The procedure is carried out in the X-ray department in a short period of time and it is quite innocous for the patient. This paper reports on the results obtained by this procedure in forty patients. The anatomic diagnosis was made in the 97.5%. It leads to a precise diagnosis in all and there were not secondary complications, and no mortality at all.