RESUMO
AIMS: This study was designed to isolate, identify and characterize micro-organisms or mixed cultures capable of simultaneously removing Cr (VI) and phenol in the surrounding area of a tannery localized in Elena, Córdoba, Argentina. In addition, nutritional and physical factors were optimized in order to improve the removal efficiency in a real effluent. METHODS AND RESULTS: The consortium SFC 500-1, composed of two bacterial strains belonging to Acinetobacter and Bacillus genus, was isolated from the heavily polluted wastewater discharge channel of a local tannery. SFC 500-1 was able to remove phenol at environmentally relevant concentrations (1000 mg l(-1) ) and reduce Cr (VI) to Cr (III), which was immobilized in the bacterial biomass. The consortium simultaneously removed these contaminants under a wide range of physicochemical conditions and different growth media, even in a tannery effluent. CONCLUSION: The ability of SFC 500-1 to simultaneously reduce Cr (VI) and degrade phenol in different synthetic growth media and even in the effluent from which it was isolated with high efficiency makes this consortium a potential candidate for the biotreatment of effluents. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This finding is important, taking into account that industrial effluents present complex mixtures of toxic substances as well as native flora which often affect the bioremediation process. Considering the ecological advantages of using native bacteria for bioremediation, as well as the high efficiency of the consortium SFC 500-1 to simultaneously remove Cr (VI) and phenol, this could be a suitable biological system to improve the biotreatment of polluted effluents through a bioaugmentation strategy.
Assuntos
Acinetobacter/metabolismo , Bacillus/metabolismo , Cromo/metabolismo , Consórcios Microbianos , Fenóis/metabolismo , Águas Residuárias/microbiologia , Poluentes Químicos da Água/metabolismo , Purificação da Água/métodos , Acinetobacter/genética , Acinetobacter/isolamento & purificação , Argentina , Bacillus/genética , Bacillus/isolamento & purificação , Biodegradação Ambiental , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Águas Residuárias/análise , Purificação da Água/instrumentaçãoRESUMO
Cell suspension cultures of Brassica napus were obtained under different hormonal conditions, using 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and kinetin as growth regulators. They were analyzed as a culture system for peroxidase production in vitro to avoid many of the problems that affect the production from field-grown roots. Total peroxidase specific activities reached a maximum at the end of exponential growth phase of the cultures. Cultures obtained with 4 mg/l of 2,4-D an without kinetin or with 1 mg/l of 2,4-D and the same amount of kinetin produced twice the total activity of root extracts and, in addition, they released peroxidases to the culture medium, which would be advantageous for the commercial production of the enzyme. Peroxidase patterns, obtained by isoelectric focusing of cell extracts and of culture medium of cell suspension cultures, differed from those of root crude extracts from field-grown plants with additional bands of higher isoelectric points. These cultures showed interesting properties and could be considered an alternative source of peroxidases for commercial production and/or to be applied as a model for physiological research.
Assuntos
Brassica/enzimologia , Peroxidases/metabolismo , Brassica/citologia , Brassica/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas/citologia , Células Cultivadas/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas/enzimologia , Ácidos Indolacéticos/farmacologiaRESUMO
Cell suspension cultures of Brassica napus were obtained under different hormonal conditions, using 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and kinetin as growth regulators. They were analyzed as a culture system for peroxidase production in vitro to avoid many of the problems that affect the production from field-grown roots. Total peroxidase specific activities reached a maximum at the end of exponential growth phase of the cultures. Cultures obtained with 4 mg/l of 2,4-D an without kinetin or with 1 mg/l of 2,4-D and the same amount of kinetin produced twice the total activity of root extracts and, in addition, they released peroxidases to the culture medium, which would be advantageous for the commercial production of the enzyme. Peroxidase patterns, obtained by isoelectric focusing of cell extracts and of culture medium of cell suspension cultures, differed from those of root crude extracts from field-grown plants with additional bands of higher isoelectric points. These cultures showed interesting properties and could be considered an alternative source of peroxidases for commercial production and/or to be applied as a model for physiological research.