RESUMO
Angiostrongylus costaricensis has a broad geographic distribution spanning from North to South America and the infections of vertebrates with this nematode can result in abdominal complications. Human infections are diagnosed by histological or serological methods because the isolation of larvae from feces is not feasible, as most parasites become trapped in intestinal tissues due to intense eosinophilic inflammation. Because A. costaricensis is difficult to maintain in the laboratory, an immunodiagnostic IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using antigens from the congeneric Angiostrongylus cantonensis species was evaluated against a panel of serum samples from patients who were histologically diagnosed with A. costaricensis infections. Sera from uninfected individuals and individuals infected with other parasites were used as controls. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay were estimated at 88.4% and 78.7%, respectively. Because the use of purified or cloned antigens has not been established as a reliable diagnostic tool, the use of heterologous antigens may provide a viable alternative for the development of an ELISA-based immunodetection system for the diagnosis of abdominal angiostrongyliasis.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Helmintos , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/métodos , Imunoglobulina G/imunologia , Angiostrongylus/imunologia , Angiostrongylus cantonensis/imunologia , Animais , Antígenos de Helmintos/imunologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Infecções por Strongylida/diagnósticoRESUMO
Angiostrongylus costaricensis has a broad geographic distribution spanning from North to South America and the infections of vertebrates with this nematode can result in abdominal complications. Human infections are diagnosed by histological or serological methods because the isolation of larvae from feces is not feasible, as most parasites become trapped in intestinal tissues due to intense eosinophilic inflammation. Because A. costaricensis is difficult to maintain in the laboratory, an immunodiagnostic IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using antigens from the congeneric Angiostrongylus cantonensis species was evaluated against a panel of serum samples from patients who were histologically diagnosed with A. costaricensis infections. Sera from uninfected individuals and individuals infected with other parasites were used as controls. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay were estimated at 88.4 percent and 78.7 percent, respectively. Because the use of purified or cloned antigens has not been established as a reliable diagnostic tool, the use of heterologous antigens may provide a viable alternative for the development of an ELISA-based immunodetection system for the diagnosis of abdominal angiostrongyliasis.
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Humanos , Antígenos de Helmintos , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/métodos , Imunoglobulina G/imunologia , Angiostrongylus cantonensis/imunologia , Angiostrongylus/imunologia , Antígenos de Helmintos/imunologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Infecções por StrongylidaRESUMO
Abdominal angiostrongyliasis (AA) is a zoonotic nematode infection caused by Angiostrongylus costaricensis, with widespread occurrence in the Americas. Although the human infection may be highly prevalent, morbidity is low in Southern Brazil. Confirmed diagnosis is based on finding parasitic structures in pathological examination of biopsies or surgical resections. Serology stands as an important diagnostic tool in the less severe courses of the infection. Our objective is to describe the follow up of humoral reactivity every 2-4 weeks up to one year, in six individuals with confirmed (C) and ten suspected (S) AA. Antibody (IgG) detection was performed by ELISA and resulted in gradually declining curves of reactivity in nine subjects (56%) (4C + 5S), that were consistently negative in only three of them (2C + 1S) after 221, 121 and 298 days. Three individuals (2C + 1S) presented with low persistent reacitivity, other two (1C + 1S) were serologically negative from the beginning, but also presenting a declining tendency. The study shows indications that abdominal angiostrongyliasis is usually not a persistent infection: although serological negativation may take many months, IgG reactivity is usually declining along time and serum samples pairing may add valuable information to the diagnostic workout.
Assuntos
Angiostrongylus cantonensis/imunologia , Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/imunologia , Gastroenteropatias/diagnóstico , Imunoglobulina G/imunologia , Infecções por Strongylida/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Animais , Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/sangue , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Seguimentos , Gastroenteropatias/parasitologia , Humanos , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Abdominal angiostrongyliasis (AA) is a zoonotic nematode infection caused by Angiostrongylus costaricensis, with widespread occurrence in the Americas. Although the human infection may be highly prevalent, morbidity is low in Southern Brazil. Confirmed diagnosis is based on finding parasitic structures in pathological examination of biopsies or surgical resections. Serology stands as an important diagnostic tool in the less severe courses of the infection. Our objective is to describe the follow up of humoral reactivity every 2-4 weeks up to one year, in six individuals with confirmed (C) and ten suspected (S) AA. Antibody (IgG) detection was performed by ELISA and resulted in gradually declining curves of reactivity in nine subjects (56 percent) (4C + 5S), that were consistently negative in only three of them (2C + 1S) after 221, 121 and 298 days. Three individuals (2C + 1S) presented with low persistent reacitivity, other two (1C + 1S) were serologically negative from the beginning, but also presenting a declining tendency. The study shows indications that abdominal angiostrongyliasis is usually not a persistent infection: although serological negativation may take many months, IgG reactivity is usually declining along time and serum samples pairing may add valuable information to the diagnostic workout.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Animais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Angiostrongylus cantonensis/imunologia , Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/imunologia , Gastroenteropatias/diagnóstico , Imunoglobulina G/imunologia , Infecções por Strongylida/diagnóstico , Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/sangue , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Seguimentos , Gastroenteropatias/parasitologia , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristics of all cases of primary cutaneous melanoma during the period 1995-2001, registered at pathology departments in the region of Passo Fundo. METHODS: The sample studied consisted of 229 primary cutaneous melanoma lesions, identified by anatomopathological reports, in 218 patients. The variables evaluated were: sex, age, anatomical site, histological type, level of invasion and tumor thickness. The rate of incidence, mortality and survival curve were calculated. RESULTS: The most frequent tumor site was in the back of men (49.5%) and in the lower limbs of women (33.1%). The most frequent clinical-pathological type for both sexes was the superficial expansive type (superficial spreading) at 61.6%. The level of invasion was higher in men, using Clark level III (30.3%), than in women. In women the most frequent level of invasion was Clark level II (33.1%). Of the total number of lesions, 198 (47.2%) were 4 mm) than the women. The incidence was 5.67 per 100,000 patients-year during this period and the mortality rate was 2.16 per 100,000 patients-year. CONCLUSIONS: In the sample studied the most common sites were in the back of men and in the legs of women. The predominant type clinical-pathological was superficial spreading.
Assuntos
Melanoma/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Melanoma/mortalidade , Melanoma/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Invasividade Neoplásica , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores Sexuais , Neoplasias Cutâneas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologiaRESUMO
Abdominal angiostrongyliasis is a zoonotic infection produced by a metastrongylid intra-arterial nematode, Angiostrongylus costaricensis. Human accidental infection may result in abdominal lesions. The presence of the eggs in the tissues plays an essential role in morbidity of abdominal angiostrongyliasis. The objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the effects of lovastatin, phenanthrolin, and mebendazole on oviposition of A. costaricensis in a murine experimental model. Each group of 12 male Swiss mice (Mus musculus) was orally infected with 10 L3 of the "Santa Rosa" strain of A. costaricensis. Two control groups were established: (1) mice were infected and not treated; (2) noninfected and nontreated animals. The experimental groups received (1) lovastatin TL), at a daily dose of 250 mg/kg for 10 consecutive days 16 days after infection; (2) phenanthroline at a daily dose of 20 mg/kg for 5 consecutive days 21 days after infection; and (3) mebendazole at a daily dose of 5 mg/kg for 5 consecutive days 21 days after infection. There was no significant inhibition of oviposition for lovastatin- and mebendazole-treated animals, whereas phenanthroline was associated with the lowest averages of larviposition per postinfection day and significant reduction of mortality.
Assuntos
Angiostrongylus/efeitos dos fármacos , Lovastatina/farmacologia , Mebendazol/farmacologia , Oviposição/efeitos dos fármacos , Fenantrolinas/farmacologia , Infecções por Strongylida/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Anti-Helmínticos/farmacologia , Feminino , Masculino , Camundongos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Abdominal angiostrongyliasis is a zoonotic infection caused by Angiostrongylus costaricensis, a nematode with an intra-vascular location in the mesentery. Our objective was to address several aspects of the natural history of this parasitosis, in a longitudinal clinical and seroepidemiological study. A total of 179 individuals living in a rural area with active transmission in southern Brazil were followed for five years (1995-1999) resulting in yearly prevalence of 28.2%, 4.2%, 10%, 20.2% and 2.8% and incidences of 0%, 5.9%, 8% and 1.5%, respectively. Both men and woman were affected with higher frequencies at age 30-49 years. In 32 individuals serum samples were collected at all time points and IgG antibody reactivity detected by ELISA was variable and usually persisting not longer than one year. Some individual antibody patterns were suggestive of re-infection. There was no association with occurrence of abdominal pain or of other enteroparasites and there was no individual with a confirmed (histopathologic) diagnosis. Mollusks were found with infective third-stage larvae in some houses with an overall prevalence of 16% and a low parasitic burden. In conclusion, abdominal angiostrongyliasis in southern Brazil may be a frequent infection with low morbidity and a gradually decreasing serological reactivity.
Assuntos
Angiostrongylus cantonensis/imunologia , Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/sangue , Gastroenteropatias/epidemiologia , Infecções por Strongylida/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Idoso , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Gastroenteropatias/diagnóstico , Gastroenteropatias/parasitologia , Humanos , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Imunoglobulina G/imunologia , Incidência , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Moluscos/parasitologia , Prevalência , População Rural , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Infecções por Strongylida/diagnósticoRESUMO
Angiostrongilíase abdominal é uma zoonose causada pelo Angiostrongylus costaricensis, nematódeo que se localiza no interior de vasos mesentéricos. Nosso objetivo foi de abordar vários aspectos da história natural da parasitose, num estudo longitudinal clínico-sorológico. Um total de 179 indivíduos residentes em área rural no sul do Brasil, com transmissão ativa, foram seguidos por cinco anos. Neste período foram registradas prevalências de 28,2%, 4,2%, 10%, 20,2% e 2,8% e incidências de 0%, 5,9%, 8% e 1,5%. Tanto o sexo masculino quanto o feminino foram afetados com maiores frequências na faixa etária dos 30 aos 49 anos. Em 32 indivíduos, amostras de soro foram coletadas em todas as etapas e a reatividade de IgG detectada por ELISA foi variável e geralmente não persistindo mais do que um ano. Alguns padrões individuais foram sugestivos de re-infecção. Não houve associação com a ocorrência nem de dor abdominal nem com outras enteroparasitoses e não houve nenhum caso com diagnóstico confirmado (histopatológico) da infecção. Moluscos foram encontrados portando larvas infectantes de terceiro estadio, em algumas moradias, com uma prevalência geral de 16% e baixas cargas parasitárias. Em conclusão, a angiostrongilíase abdominal no sul do Brasil pode ser uma infecção frequente, porém com baixa morbidade e reatividade sorológica de gradual declínio.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Animais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Angiostrongylus cantonensis/imunologia , Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/sangue , Gastroenteropatias/epidemiologia , Infecções por Strongylida/epidemiologia , Distribuição por Idade , Brasil/epidemiologia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Gastroenteropatias/diagnóstico , Gastroenteropatias/parasitologia , Incidência , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Imunoglobulina G/imunologia , Estudos Longitudinais , Moluscos/parasitologia , Prevalência , População Rural , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Infecções por Strongylida/diagnósticoRESUMO
Angiostrongylus costaricensis is a parasitic nematode of wild rodents. Several other vertebrate species including man may become infected by ingestion of the third stage larvae produced by the intermediate hosts, usually slugs from the family Veronicellidae. There is a report of the diagnosis of abdominal angiostrongyliasis in Canis familiaris with lesions resembling those found in human disease. As a preliminar evaluation of the adequacy of a canine model for pathogenetic studies, a dog was inoculated with 75 L3 of A. costaricensis. Infection was established and fist stage larvae were found in feces up to 88 days post infection, sometimes in very large numbers (9.5 x 10(4) L1/g). No clinical manifestations or significant lesions were detected. These are indications that dog may play a role as a reservoir host for A. costaricensis.
Assuntos
Angiostrongylus/fisiologia , Reservatórios de Doenças/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/parasitologia , Infecções por Strongylida/veterinária , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Cães , Interações Hospedeiro-Parasita , HumanosRESUMO
Angiostrongylus costaricensis is a parasitic nematode of wild rodents. Several other vertebrate species including man may become infected by ingestion of the third stage larvae produced by the intermediate hosts, usually slugs from the family Veronicellidae. There is a report of the diagnosis of abdominal angiostrongyliasis in Canis familiaris with lesions resembling those found in human disease. As a preliminar evaluation of the adequacy of a canine model for pathogenetic studies, a dog was inoculated with 75 L3 of A. costaricensis. Infection was established and fist stage larvae were found in feces up to 88 days post infection, sometimes in very large numbers (9.5 x 10(4) L1/g). No clinical manifestations or significant lesions were detected. These are indications that dog may play a role as a reservoir host for A. costaricensis
Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Angiostrongylus , Doenças do Cão , Cães , Infecções por Strongylida , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Interações Hospedeiro-ParasitaRESUMO
Angiostrongylus costaricensis may cause intestinal lesions of varied severity when it accidentally infects man in Central and South America. First-stage larvae have never been detected in stools. Therefore, a parasite-specific IgG ELISA was evaluated for the determination of the acute phase of infection. The specificity and the sensitivity of the immunoassay was shown to be 76.2 percent and 91.1 percent, respectively. Eight serum samples taken from patients with histopathological diagnosis, at different time points (3 to 15 months) after surgical treatment, showed a sharp and early decline in antibody reactivity. The titration of anti-A. costaricensis antibodies has proved to be a useful method for the diagnosis of acute abdominal angiostrongyliasis
Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/isolamento & purificação , Imunoglobulina G/isolamento & purificação , Intestinos/parasitologia , Infecções por Strongylida/imunologia , Doença Aguda , Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/sangue , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Infecções por Strongylida/diagnósticoRESUMO
Os autores revisaram 18.361 biópsias e peças cirúrgicas de patologia digestiva não-tumoral. Em 1.064 peças cirúrgicas do trato digestivo inferior foram observados 19 casos de angiostrongilose abdominal (AA). Relacionando estes casos com as intervenções cirúrgicas por complicações secundárias da doença de Crohn (DC), colite ulcerativa (CU) e tuberculose intestinal (TI), observou-se que a freqüência de AA em relação às patologias cirúrgicas citadas pode ser considerada como parasitose de importância cirúrgica regional
Assuntos
Humanos , Abdome/parasitologia , Angiostrongylus/isolamento & purificação , Angiostrongylus/patogenicidade , Colite Ulcerativa/parasitologia , Doença de Crohn/parasitologia , Tuberculose Gastrointestinal/parasitologia , Patologia Cirúrgica/métodosRESUMO
Angistrongylus costaricencis is a parasitic nematode of rodents and molluscs are the intermediate hosts. Nocturnal collection of molluscs and search for infective third stage larvae of A.costaricensis was carried out in 18 endemic foci identified by the notification of a confirmed diagnosis in human biopsies or surgical specimens. Molluscs were digested in acidic solution and isolation of larvae eventually present was done in a Baermann funnel. Larvae identified by the presence of a delicate groove in the tail were counted to asses the individual parasitic burden. Four species were found infected, with ranges of prevalence in parenthesis: Phyllocaulis variegatus (7 per cent to 33.3 per cent); Brasybaena similaris (11.7 per cent to 24.1 per cent); Belocaulus angustipes (8.3 per cent) and Phyllocaulis soleiformis (3.3 per cent to 14.2 per cent). Parasitic burden varied from 1 to 75 with P.variegatus, 1 to 98 with B. similaris, 1 to 13 with B.angustipes and 1 larvae in each of two specimens of P.soleiformis. P.variegatus was present in all sites and was found infected with the highest prevalence figures and the highest individual parasitic burdens. These data strss the importance of veronicellid slugs as intermediate hosts for A.costaricensis in the endemic areas in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Angiostrongylus/parasitologia , Moluscos/parasitologia , Infecções por Nematoides/epidemiologia , Larva/parasitologiaRESUMO
O uso de implantes metálicos tem sido demonstrado por grande número de autores em estudos comparativos. No presente trabalho experimental, foram colocados implantes de titânio com e sem cobertura de hidroxiapatita (HA) no canal de ambos os fêmures, em ratos albinos, a de se analisarem aspectos histológicos e radiológicos da osteointegraçäo implante-osseo. As cobaias foram abatidas em quatro, doze e vinte e quatro semanas de evoluçäo, tendo sido retirados os seus fêmures, radiografados, fixados em formol 10 por cento, nos quais foram feitos cortes para estudo histológico. Evidenciou-se que implantes com cobertura de hidroxiapatita induzem à formaçäo óssea satisfatória e, em oposiçäo, em implantes sem cobertura (titânio jateado + ionizado, titânio jateado + ionizado + titânio oxidado), houve uma osteointegraçäo pobre, substituída por uma interface de tecido conjuntivo fibroso
Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Materiais Biocompatíveis , Implantação Dentária Endóssea , Durapatita , Osseointegração , Titânio , Hidrato de Cloral/químicaRESUMO
Manifestaçöes clínicas de comprometimento hepático na angiostrongilíase abdominal e diagnóstico pelo encontro de ovos do parasita nos cortes histológicos, raramente säo referidos na literatura. Os autores descrevem um caso onde o quadro clínico inicial era sugestivo de lesäo tumoral na regiäo ileocecal. A presença de ovos do parasita nas lesöes anatômicas habituais desta parasitose auxiliou a estabelecer o diagnóstico. Este relato serve para alertar médicos e patologistas para apresentaçöes aparentemente pouco usuais da angiostrongilíase abdominal
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Infecções por Strongylida/diagnóstico , Angiostrongylus/patogenicidade , Hepatopatias Parasitárias/fisiopatologia , Hepatopatias Parasitárias/patologiaRESUMO
Veronicellid slugs are considered the most important intermediate hosts of Angiostrongylus costaricensis, an intra-arterial nematode of rodents. Studies undertaken in three localities in southern Brazil led to identification of molluscs other than veronicellid slugs as hosts of A. costaricensis: Limax maximus, Limax flavus and Bradybaena similaris. These data indicate a low host specificity of larval stages of A. costaricensis, as it has been reported to other congeneric species
Assuntos
Animais , Angiostrongylus/fisiologia , Moluscos/parasitologia , Brasil , Interações Hospedeiro-ParasitaRESUMO
Um caso de "Cystosarcoma Phyllodes" é apresentado pelos autores. Os procedimentos para estabelecer o diagnóstico e tratamento säo discutidos. O aspecto mais importante enfatizado foi a retraçäo do mamilo