Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 25
Filtrar
1.
Rev. chil. infectol ; Rev. chil. infectol;41(2): 282-290, abr. 2024. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1559682

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: La rickettsiosis, enfermedad potencialmente mortal, es trasmitida por vectores como Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Dermacentor variabilis y D. andersonii, reservorios de Rickettsia rickettsii. En Baja California, México, es endémica, multifactorial, tiene alta letalidad, sus manifestaciones clínicas inespecíficas y ataque multisistémico dificultan el diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno. OBJETIVO: Identificar los factores de riesgo asociados a la letalidad por rickettsiosis trasmitida por garrapatas en Mexicali, Baja California. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS : Estudio observacional, analítico, transversal, retrospectivo, de 40 registros de pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de rickettsiosis, periodo 2014 a 2018. Variables analizadas: sociodemográficas, clínicas, laboratorio clínico, evolución y desenlace. Se reportan frecuencias y medidas de asociación. RESULTADOS: 24 defunciones y 16 vivos. Más de 90% tuvo contacto conocido con garrapatas. Afectó en su mayoría a < 45 años en ambos grupos. La evolución antes del ingreso fue similar y la estancia hospitalaria fue mayor en los pacientes vivos (3,2 ± 4.7 vs 10,62 ± 7,6 p = 0,0002). Fiebre, cefalea, mialgias fueron predominantes. Datos asociados con letalidad: disfunción respiratoria (OR 38,33 IC95% 4,06-361,3 p < 0,0001), creatinina elevada (OR 15,4 IC95% 3,08-76,77 p < 0,0003), retardo del llenado capilar (OR 13,0 IC95% 2,73-61,78 p = 0,0005), dolor abdominal (OR 8,33, IC95% 1,90-36,44 p = 0,0029), AST (OR 7,5, IC95% 1,69-33,27 p = 0,005). CONCLUSIÓN: Esta enfermedad requiere de identificación temprana de factores que se asocian con letalidad para un tratamiento oportuno y adecuado.


BACKGROUND: Rickettsiosis, a potentially fatal disease, is transmitted by vectors such as Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Dermacentor variabilis and D. andersonii, reservoirs of Rickettsia rickettsii. In Baja California, Mexico, it is endemic, multifactorial, has high lethality, its nonspecific clinical manifestations and multisystem attack make diagnosis and timely treatment difficult. AIM: Identify the risk factors associated with lethality due to tick-transmitted rickettsiosis in Mexicali, Baja California. METHODS: Observational, analytical, cross-sectional, retrospective study of 40 records of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of rickettsiosis, period 2014 to 2018. Analyzed variables: sociodemographic, clinical, clinical laboratory, evolution and outcome. Frequencies and association measures are reported. RESULTS: 24 patients died and 16 survived. More than 90% had reported contact with ticks. It mostly affected ≤ 45 years in both groups. The evolution before admission was similar, and the hospital stay was longer in patients who lived (3.2 ± 4.7 vs 10.62 ± 7.6 p = 0.0002). Fever, headache, and myalgia are predominant. Data associated with lethality: respiratory dysfunction (OR 38.33 95% CI 4.06-361.3 p < 0.0001), elevated creatinine (OR 15.4 95% CI 3.08-76.77 p < 0.0003), delayed capillary refill (OR 13.0, 95% CI 2.73-61.78 p = 0.0005), abdominal pain (OR 8.33, 95% CI 1.90-36.44 p = 0.0029), AST (OR 7.5, 95% CI 1.69-33.27 p = 0.005). CONCLUSION: This disease requires early identification of factors that are associated with lethality for timely and adequate treatment.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Infecções por Rickettsia/mortalidade , Doenças Transmitidas por Carrapatos/mortalidade , Rickettsia , Infecções por Rickettsia/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos Transversais , Fatores de Risco , Doenças Transmitidas por Carrapatos/tratamento farmacológico , Rickettsiose do Grupo da Febre Maculosa , México/epidemiologia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico
2.
Ginecol. obstet. Méx ; Ginecol. obstet. Méx;91(9): 637-644, ene. 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1520954

RESUMO

Resumen OBJETIVO: Describir el nivel de conocimiento de los signos y síntomas de alarma obstétrica en mujeres embarazadas. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio de serie de casos prolectivo y descriptivo efectuado en la Unidad de Medicina Familiar 16, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexicali, Baja California, entre los meses de enero a junio de 2022. Variables de estudio: edad, sexo, escolaridad y nivel de conocimiento de signos y síntomas de alarma a través de una encuesta elaborada conforme a los criterios de la guía de práctica clínica. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva con el programa SPSSv24. RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 150 pacientes embarazadas. El bajo nivel de conocimiento de los signos y síntomas de alarma se observó en 15 casos, el nivel medio en 47 casos y el nivel alto en 88 casos (58.7%). En cuanto a las características de la población, los límites de edad fueron 20 y 34 años, la escolaridad secundaria ocupó el 47.3% seguido de la preparatoria con el 35.3% y en cuanto a la ocupación el 80.7% refirió ser empleada. El 34% cursaba el primer trimestre del embarazo y el 48.7% el segundo trimestre. CONCLUSIONES: El nivel de conocimiento de las pacientes embarazadas atendidas en la unidad es alto y medio porque pueden reconocer los signos y síntomas de alarma durante el embarazo, sobre todo quienes cursan el segundo embarazo, en coincidencia con estudios nacionales e internacionales. El grupo predominante fue el de 20 a 34 años, con escolaridad media y superior.


Abstract OBJECTIVE: To describe the level of knowledge of obstetric alarm signs and symptoms in pregnant women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Selective and descriptive case series study carried out in the Family Medicine Unit 16, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexicali, Baja California, between January and June 2022. Study variables: age, sex, education and level of knowledge of warning signs and symptoms through a survey prepared according to the criteria of the Clinical Practice Guide. Descriptive statistics were performed using SPSSv24. RESULTS: 150 pregnant patients were screened. A low level of knowledge of warning signs and symptoms was observed in 15 cases, a medium level in 47 cases and a high level in 88 cases (58.7%). Regarding the characteristics of the population, the age range was 20-34 years, 47.3% had secondary education, followed by high school with 35.3%, and 80.7% reported being employed. Thirty-four per cent were in the first trimester of pregnancy and 48.7 per cent in the second trimester. CONCLUSIONS: The level of knowledge of pregnant patients attending the unit is high and medium in terms of being able to recognize the warning signs and symptoms of pregnancy, particularly in the second trimester, in line with national and international studies. The predominant age group was 20-34 years, with secondary and higher education.

3.
World J Clin Cases ; 10(33): 12247-12256, 2022 Nov 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36483799

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) is a rare autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by heterozygous mutations causing multisystemic alterations. It was recently described in 2005, and today at least six different subtypes have been identified. Classically presenting with aortic root enlargement or aneurysms and craniofacial and skeletal abnormalities, with specific arterial tortuosity at any site. The differential diagnosis of LDS includes atypical Marfan syndrome, vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Shprintzen-Goldberg craniosynostosis, and familial aortic aneurysm and dissection syndrome. CASE SUMMARY: We present a case study of a 35-year-old female who came to the emergency department due to lower gastrointestinal bleeding and severe abdominal pain. Computed tomography revealed vascular tortuosity in almost every abdominal vein. CONCLUSION: This case report will help us analyze the infrequent presentation of LDS type 4 and the numerous complications that it implies, underlying the importance of publishing more cases in order to expand our knowledge and offer better treatment for these patients. Differential diagnosis, clinical presentation and treatment options for this syndrome are discussed in this article.

4.
Int J Surg Case Rep ; 75: 32-36, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32901216

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: It has been demonstrated that certain technique endpoints are key to the success for the OAGB and RYGB procedures but only a few texts in which post-operative complications are documented. PRESENTATION OF CASE: 42-year-old male patient admitted to the emergency department for presenting abdominal pain located in the epigastrium for 4 days, melenic evacuations and syncope on one occasion. Two years prior to admission, the patient underwent a single anastomosis bypass for grade III obesity.Gastric bypass mini revision surgery was performed an antecolic and antegastric gastrointestinal anastomosis was made with a 3 cm latero-lateral anastomosis; an intestinal-intestinal anastomosis was performed 60 cm from the gastric anastomosis. The length of the biliopancreatic loop (120 cm) and the feeding loop (60 cm) are reviewed. DISCUSSION: Performing an "en bloc" resection of the anastomosis is essential since bile reflux is one of the irritation mechanisms of the anastomosis but not the only one. The size of the gastric pouch directly influences the frequency of marginal ulcers, so during the OAGBP revision, the gastro-jejunal junction must be resected to remodel it, reducing the size of the gastric reservoir that allows to perform the new anastomosis in less inflamed tissue. Roux-en-Y reconstruction should be performed once the length of the biliopancreatic loop is verified and it does not exceed 150 cm and a short alimentary loop to avoid nutritional complications.Complications arising from bariatric procedures are varied, infrequent in well-trained surgeons, but severe in inexpert hands, leading to an increase in mortality rates. CONCLUSIONS: We propose the laparoscopic conversion of OAGB to RYGB as a safe method, and feasible in hemodynamically unstable patients.

5.
Rev. enferm. Inst. Mex. Seguro Soc ; 27(3): 1329-145, Jul-Sep 2019. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BDENF - Enfermagem | ID: biblio-1047289

RESUMO

Introducción: es ineludible revisar la situación de la investigación en enfermería en relación con las condicionantes y dificultades que entraña esta actividad para los profesionales de enfermería. Objetivo: identificar los factores relacionados con el desarrollo de proyectos de investigación científica disciplinar por el personal de enfermería de un hospital de tercer nivel de atención del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS). Métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal que incluyó una muestra aleatoria de 177 enfermeras. Se aplicó un cuestionario diseñado para el estudio y estructurado con 25 preguntas, con alfa de Cronbach de 0.772. Las variables cualitativas se analizaron con porcentajes y frecuencias, y las cuantitativas con medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión. El análisis de factores se hizo con chi cuadrada. Resultados: la media de edad fue de 41 ± 7.91 años. El nivel académico del personal fue técnico en 46.9% y de licenciatura en 46.3%. El 15.3% del personal ha hecho proyectos de investigación; no obstante que el 5.6% del personal opina que casi siempre dedica tiempo para hacer investigación, 4.5% cuenta con apoyo económico en su área laboral para realizarla y 4% ha publicado. Fue significativa la relación entre quien hace investigación con el tiempo para su desarrollo (p < 0.05), así como con la publicación de artículos (p < 0.05). Conclusión: el desarrollo de proyectos de investigación científica disciplinar por el personal de enfermería está relacionado con el tiempo que dedican para ello y la publicación de artículos.


Introduction: It is unavoidable to review the status of nursing research, concerning the conditions and difficulties that this activity entails for nursing professionals. Objective: To identify the factors related to the development of curricular scientific research projects by the nursing staff from a third level hospital of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS). Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study which included a random sample of 177 nurses. A questionnaire designed for the study and structured with 25 questions was administered; it had a Cronbach's alpha of 0.772. Qualitative variables were analyzed with percentages and frequencies and quantitative variables with measures of central tendency and dispersion. The factor analysis was carried out with chi-square test. Results: Mean age was 41 ± 7.91 years. The school level of staff was technical in 46.9% and undergraduate in 46.3%. 15.3% has done research projects; despite the fact that 5.6% of staff believe that they almost always dedicate time to do research, 4.5% have financial support in their work area to carry it out and 4% have published. It was significant the relationship between those who carry out research with the time they take to develop it (p < 0.05), as well as with the publication of articles (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The development of curricular scientific research projects by nurses is related to the time they spend on it and the publication of articles.


Assuntos
Humanos , Pesquisa , Projetos de Pesquisa , Apoio à Pesquisa como Assunto , Pesquisa em Enfermagem , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Transversais , Coleta de Dados , Hospitais Públicos , Hospitais Especializados , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem , México
6.
Invest. clín ; Invest. clín;58(1): 44-55, mar. 2017. ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-841136

RESUMO

La proteína C-reactiva ultrasensible (PCR-us) es un marcador de riesgo cardiovascular. En niños mexicanos sanos hay escasa evidencia que asocie los niveles séricos de este marcador con la dieta. El objetivo fue asociar los niveles séricos de PCR-us con la composición de la dieta en niños escolares mexicanos. El estudio fue transversal e incluyó 300 niños aparentemente sanos de 10 a12 años de edad. La cuantificación de PCR-us se realizó mediante nefelometría. La dieta se cuantificó con un cuestionario validado de frecuencia de consumo alimentos. Mediante el paquete estadístico SPSS v18, se realizaron pruebas de estadística descriptiva, correlación y modelos de regresión multivariada. El 53,7% fueron niñas y el 46,3% niños. La mediana de la PCR-us fue de 0,3 mg/L (rango: 0,3-6,8 mg/L). Se observó una correlación directa significativa entre la concentración sérica de la PCR-us con la ingesta de proteínas (rho= 0,126, p= 0,029), ácidos grasos totales (rho= 0,128, p= 0,027), ácidos grasos saturados (rho= 0,159, p= 0,006). Mediante el análisis de regresión múltiple se asoció la PCR-us con la ingesta de proteínas (β= 0,203, p=0,037) e inversamente con los granos enteros (β=-0,175, p= 0,002). Con el resto de las variables no se observó asociación significativa. La concentración sérica de la PCR-us se asoció directamente con el consumo de proteínas, ácidos grasos totales y saturados e indirectamente con el consumo de granos enteros.


The high-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) is a cardiovascular risk marker. In healthy Mexican children, there islittle evidence that shows any relationship between serum levels of this marker with diet. The objective of this studywas to associate serum levels of hs-CRP with the diet composition in Mexican school children. The cross-sectional study included 300 seemingly healthy children of 10 to 12 years of age, 53.7% were girls and 46.3% boys.hs-CRP quantification was determined by nephelometry. The diet was quantified with a validated food frequency questionnaire. A descriptive statistical analysis, correlation and multivariate regression models were performed by using the SPSS v18 statistical software. The median of the hs-CRP was 0.3 mg / L (range: 0.3 to 6.8 mg / L). A significant direct correlation was found between serum hs-CRP with protein intake (rho=0.126, p=0.029), total fatty acids (rho = 0.128, p = 0.027) and saturated fatty acids (rho = 0.159, p = 0.006). hs-CRP was associated with the intake of protein (β = 0.203, p = 0.037) by multiple regression analysis, and inversely with whole grains (β = -0.175, p = 0,002). No significant association was found with the rest of the other variables. The serum concentration of hs-CRP was directly associated with the consumption of protein, total and saturated fatty acids and was indirectly proportional with the consumption of whole grains.


Assuntos
Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Proteína C-Reativa/análise , Dieta , Alimentos , Estudos Transversais , Estudos Prospectivos , México
7.
AIDS Care ; 28 Suppl 1: 26-31, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26924703

RESUMO

The sexuality of people living with HIV (PLHIV) is a key issue in the fight against HIV, as it influences both the dynamic of the epidemic and the quality of life of PLHIV. The present study examined the factors associated with cessation of sexual relations after HIV diagnosis among men and women in five countries: Mali, Morocco, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Romania and Ecuador. A community-based cross-sectional study was implemented by a mixed consortium [researchers/community-based organizations (CBO)]. Trained CBO members interviewed 1500 PLHIV in contact with CBOs using a 125-item questionnaire. A weighted multivariate logistic regression and a separate gender analysis were performed. Among the 1413 participants, 471 (33%) declared that they stopped having sexual relations after their HIV diagnosis, including 318 women (42%) and 153 men (23%) (p < .001). Concerning women, variables associated with the cessation of sexual relations in the final multivariate model were mainly related with relational factors and the possibility of getting social support (e.g., needing help to disclose HIV serostatus, feeling lonely every day, not finding support in CBOs, not being in a couple). Men's sexual activity was more associated with their representations and their perception of the infection (e.g., thinking they will have their HIV infection for the rest of their life, perceiving the HIV infection as a mystery, perceiving the infection as serious). Furthermore, the following variables were associated with both men and women sexual behaviours: being older, having suffered from serious social consequences after serostatus disclosure and not being able to regularly discuss about HIV with their steady partner. Results suggested clear differences between men and women regarding cessation of sexual relations and highlighted the importance of implementing gender-based tailored interventions that promote safe and satisfying sexuality, as it is known to have a positive impact on the overall well-being of PLHIV.


Assuntos
Soropositividade para HIV/psicologia , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Comportamento Sexual/estatística & dados numéricos , Sexualidade , Apoio Social , Adulto , Idoso , Pesquisa Participativa Baseada na Comunidade , Estudos Transversais , República Democrática do Congo , Equador , Emoções , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Mali , Marrocos , Análise Multivariada , Romênia , Fatores Sexuais , Comportamento Sexual/psicologia , Parceiros Sexuais , Inquéritos e Questionários
8.
Rev Panam Salud Publica ; 38(3),sept. 2015
Artigo em Espanhol | PAHO-IRIS | ID: phr-10076

RESUMO

Objetivo. Describir el perfil de las personas que viven con VIH/sida (PVVS) que se contactan con asociaciones de lucha contra el VIH/sida en Ecuador e identificar los factores relacionados con dicho contacto. Métodos. En 2011, se realizó un estudio transversal comunitario en dos hospitales de Guayaquil. Con base en un cuestionario de 125 preguntas administrado a 300 PVVS adultas, se realizó un análisis de regresión multivariada ponderada para identificar los factores relacionados con el contacto con una asociación. Resultados. De los 300 participantes, 34 (11,3%) estuvieron en contacto con una asocia¬ción. Tener más de 35 años, obtener un puntaje elevado en la escala de autoeficacia, haber padecido consecuencias sociales graves tras la revelación de su estatus serológico, poder conversar con sus amistades sobre su vida con el VIH, expresar la necesidad de hablar de su vida con el VIH con un profesional de la salud y obtener un puntaje bajo en el índice del esfuerzo de control de la revelación del estatus serológico se relacionaron con dicho contacto. Conclusiones. Las características de las PVVS en contacto con una asociación fueron tener más de 35 años, haber padecido consecuencias sociales graves tras la revelación de la seroposi¬tividad y sentir necesidades no satisfechas por el sistema de salud en términos de acompañamiento psicosocial. Estas personas manejaban mejor su estatus serológico con el entorno y manifestaban una mayor facilidad para hablar con las amistades sobre su seropositividad. Estos elementos son de utilidad para los actores comunitarios, en aras de mantener y apoyar la movilización sobre el VIH en Ecuador.


Objective. To describe the profile of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) who contact HIV/AIDS associations in Ecuador and to identify the factors related to that contact. Methods. In 2011, a cross-sectional community study was conducted in two hospitals in Guayaquil. Based on a 125-question survey administered to 300 adult PLHA, a weighted multivariate regression analysis was performed to identify the factors related to contact with an association Results. Of the 300 participants, 34 (11.3%) were in contact with an association. Being over the age of 35, scoring high on the self-efficacy scale, having suffered serious social consequences after disclosing their HIV status, being able to talk to friends about living with HIV, expressing the need to talk about living with HIV with a health professional, and scoring low on the index of the HIV status disclosure control effort were related to that contact. Conclusions. The characteristics of the PLHA in contact with an association were: being over the age of 35, having suffered serious social consequences following disclosure of seropositivity, and feeling that their psychosocial needs were not being met by the health system in terms of the services provided. These people more easily managed their HIV status in their social milieu and displayed a greater ability to talk to friends about their seropositivity. This information is useful for community actors to maintain and support mobilization on HIV in Ecuador.


Assuntos
Pesquisa Participativa Baseada na Comunidade , Associação , Estereotipagem , Autoeficácia , Equador , HIV
9.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 38(3): 209-216, Sep. 2015. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-766431

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Describir el perfil de las personas que viven con VIH/sida (PVVS) que se contactan con asociaciones de lucha contra el VIH/sida en Ecuador e identificar los factores relacionados con dicho contacto. MÉTODOS: En 2011, se realizó un estudio transversal comunitario en dos hospitales de Guayaquil. Con base en un cuestionario de 125 preguntas administrado a 300 PVVS adultas, se realizó un análisis de regresión multivariada ponderada para identificar los factores relacionados con el contacto con una asociación. RESULTADOS: De los 300 participantes, 34 (11,3%) estuvieron en contacto con una asociación. Tener más de 35 años, obtener un puntaje elevado en la escala de autoeficacia, haber padecido consecuencias sociales graves tras la revelación de su estatus serológico, poder conversar con sus amistades sobre su vida con el VIH, expresar la necesidad de hablar de su vida con el VIH con un profesional de la salud y obtener un puntaje bajo en el índice del esfuerzo de control de la revelación del estatus serológico se relacionaron con dicho contacto. CONCLUSIONES: Las características de las PVVS en contacto con una asociación fueron tener más de 35 años, haber padecido consecuencias sociales graves tras la revelación de la seropositividad y sentir necesidades no satisfechas por el sistema de salud en términos de acompañamiento psicosocial. Estas personas manejaban mejor su estatus serológico con el entorno y manifestaban una mayor facilidad para hablar con las amistades sobre su seropositividad. Estos elementos son de utilidad para los actores comunitarios, en aras de mantener y apoyar la movilización sobre el VIH en Ecuador.


OBJECTIVE:To describe the profile of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) who contact HIV/AIDS associations in Ecuador and to identify the factors related to that contact. METHODS: In 2011, a cross-sectional community study was conducted in two hospitals in Guayaquil. Based on a 125-question survey administered to 300 adult PLHA, a weighted multivariate regression analysis was performed to identify the factors related to contact with an association RESULTS: Of the 300 participants, 34 (11.3%) were in contact with an association. Being over the age of 35, scoring high on the self-efficacy scale, having suffered serious social consequences after disclosing their HIV status, being able to talk to friends about living with HIV, expressing the need to talk about living with HIV with a health professional, and scoring low on the index of the HIV status disclosure control effort were related to that contact. CONCLUSIONS: The characteristics of the PLHA in contact with an association were: being over the age of 35, having suffered serious social consequences following disclosure of seropositivity, and feeling that their psychosocial needs were not being met by the health system in terms of the services provided. These people more easily managed their HIV status in their social milieu and displayed a greater ability to talk to friends about their seropositivity. This information is useful for community actors to maintain and support mobilization on HIV in Ecuador.


Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/transmissão , HIV , Equador
12.
Rev Panam Salud Publica ; 38(3): 209-16, 2015 Sep.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26757999

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To describe the profile of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) who contact HIV/AIDS associations in Ecuador and to identify the factors related to that contact. METHODS: In 2011, a cross-sectional community study was conducted in two hospitals in Guayaquil. Based on a 125-question survey administered to 300 adult PLHA, a weighted multivariate regression analysis was performed to identify the factors related to contact with an association RESULTS: Of the 300 participants, 34 (11.3%) were in contact with an association. Being over the age of 35, scoring high on the self-efficacy scale, having suffered serious social consequences after disclosing their HIV status, being able to talk to friends about living with HIV, expressing the need to talk about living with HIV with a health professional, and scoring low on the index of the HIV status disclosure control effort were related to that contact. CONCLUSIONS: The characteristics of the PLHA in contact with an association were: being over the age of 35, having suffered serious social consequences following disclosure of seropositivity, and feeling that their psychosocial needs were not being met by the health system in terms of the services provided. These people more easily managed their HIV status in their social milieu and displayed a greater ability to talk to friends about their seropositivity. This information is useful for community actors to maintain and support mobilization on HIV in Ecuador.


Assuntos
Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida , Infecções por HIV , Estudos Transversais , Equador , Humanos , Inquéritos e Questionários
13.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 52(4): 398-403, 2014.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25078741

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: C-reactive protein (CRP) is a nonspecific marker of inflammation with low serum levels, which are not usually detectable. In order to assess cardiovascular risk in adults apparently healthy, ultrasensitive methods are used, and the CRP measured through these techniques is known as ultrasensitive C-reactive protein (US-CRP). Some researchers report an association of US-CRP with some anthropometric parameters in children with no apparent disease. The aim was to associate US-CRP with nutritional status and biochemical profiles in Mexican schoolchildren. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study 300 healthy children (aged 10 to 12 years) were evaluated. Weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, body fat percentage, glucose, lipid profiles and US-CRP were measured. Exclusion criteria was: US-CRP > 10mg/L. We used multivariate regression models. RESULTS: 53.7 % were girls and 46.3 % were boys. The US-CRP median was of 0.3 mg/L (range: 0.3 mg/L-6.8 mg/L), and it was positively and significantly correlated with BMI (ß = 0.226, p = 0.032) and LDL-C (ß = -0.267, p = 0.007) and negatively associated with cholesterol (ß = -0.267, p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS: There is an association between US-CRP and cardiovascular risk indicators, such as obesity and some lipid disorder in childhood; therefore, US-CRP may be used for close examination in Mexican children.


Introducción: la proteína C-reactiva (PCR) es un marcador no específico de inflamación con séricos bajos, los cuales normalmente no son detectables. A fin de evaluar el riesgo cardiovascular en adultos que en apariencia son sanos, se emplean métodos ultrasensibles y la PCR medida con estas técnicas se conoce como proteína C-reactiva ultrasensible (PCR-us). Algunos investigadores reportan una asociación de la PCR-us con algún parámetro antropométrico o bioquímico en niños sin enfermedad aparente. El objetivo de este artículo consistió en asociar la PCR-us con el estado nutricional y el perfil bioquímico en escolares mexicanos. Métodos: estudio transversal en 300 niños sanos de 10 a 12 años de edad. Se midieron peso, talla, índice de masa corporal (IMC), cintura y grasa corporal, glucosa, perfil de lípidos y PCR-us. El criterio de exclusión fue una PCR-us > 10 mg/L. Se utilizaron modelos de regresión multivariada. Resultados: el 53.7 % fueron niñas y el 46.3 % niños. La mediana de la PCR-us fue de 0.3mg/L (rango: 0.3mg/L-6.8mg/L), se relacionó positiva y significativamente con un IMC (ß = 0.226 p = 0.032), LDL-C (ß = 0.203 p = 0.037) y negativamente con colesterol total (CT) (ß = ­0.267 p = 0.007); con el resto de las variables la asociación no fue significativa. Conclusión: se puede inferir que existe asociación entre la PCR-us e indicadores de riesgo cardiovascular, como la obesidad y alguna dislipidemia en escolares, por lo que la PCR-us puede ser utilizada para escrutinio en niños mexicanos.


Assuntos
Proteína C-Reativa/metabolismo , Estado Nutricional/fisiologia , Biomarcadores/sangue , Estatura , Índice de Massa Corporal , Peso Corporal , Doenças Cardiovasculares/sangue , Doenças Cardiovasculares/etiologia , Criança , Colesterol/sangue , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Hiperlipidemias/sangue , Hiperlipidemias/diagnóstico , Masculino , México , Obesidade/sangue , Obesidade/diagnóstico , Medição de Risco , Circunferência da Cintura
14.
JSLS ; 12(3): 326-31, 2008.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18765064

RESUMO

T-tube choledochotomy has been an established practice in common bile duct exploration for many years. Although bile leaks, biliary peritonitis, and long-term postoperative strictures have been reported and are directly associated with the placement or removal of the T-tube, the severity of these complications may often be underestimated by surgeons. We present the case of a 31-year-old male patient who developed biliary peritonitis and septic shock after removal of a T-tube and illustrate one of the catastrophic events that may follow such procedures. Literature shows that these complications may occur more frequently and have higher morbidity and mortality than other less invasive procedures. This article reviews the advances in laparoscopic and endoscopic techniques, which provide alternative therapeutic approaches to choledocholithiasis and allow the surgeon to avoid having to perform a choledochotomy with T-tube drainage.


Assuntos
Procedimentos Cirúrgicos do Sistema Biliar/instrumentação , Colecistectomia Laparoscópica/instrumentação , Coledocolitíase/cirurgia , Coledocostomia/instrumentação , Drenagem/instrumentação , Peritonite/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/cirurgia , Adulto , Colangiopancreatografia Retrógrada Endoscópica , Remoção de Dispositivo , Extravasamento de Materiais Terapêuticos e Diagnósticos , Humanos , Masculino , Peritonite/etiologia
15.
Rev Gastroenterol Mex ; 70(2): 138-42, 2005.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16167487

RESUMO

Wireless capsule endoscopy is a diagnostic procedure to study the pathology of the small intestine physiologically and painlessly. The capsule dimensions are 11 x 26 mm, and takes 2 picture per second whilst 8 hours. Unexplained occult gastrointestinal tract bleeding is the main indication, but everyday new indications for its use come to the literature. Our objective were to review our experience about the clinical usefulness and impact in our clinic. We included 45 cases, excluding 3 because of technical problems. There were 24 women and 18 men, with an average age of 54 years old (18 to 86 years old). Indications for the study were: Gastrointestinal bleeding of obscure origin in 24 cases, anemia in 6 cases, chronic diarrhea in 8 cases, chronic abdominal pain in 2 cases and Crohn's disease in 2 cases. The source of bleeding in the first group was identified in 18 patients (75%), where jejunal and ileal angiodysplasias were found in 11 patients, in 4 cases there were ulcers or erosions, in one case a Meckel diverticulum was found and, in the last one an hammartomatous lesion with an active bleeding was found. In chronic diarrhea patients a lesion was found in 5 cases (62.5%), where mucosal atrophy were found in two patients who responded to a free gluten diet, and in 3 patients acute inflammations with ulcers were treated as Crohn's disease. In the patients with anemia a lesion was found in 2 cases (33%), where a submucosal tumor and a jejunal ulcer were the findings. No lesions were found in the patients with chronic abdominal pain. Finally in the patients with Crohn's disease we were able to know the extent and one patient presented two stenotic lesions. In conclusion, wireless capsule endoscopy is a useful diagnostic tool that let us study easily the small intestine and should be integrated to different study protocols as gastrointestinal bleeding of obscure origin, chronic diarrhea and evaluation of Crohn's disease. It is not useful for abdominal pain, nevertheless we just studied two patients.


Assuntos
Endoscopia Gastrointestinal/métodos , Enteropatias/diagnóstico , Intestino Delgado/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Cápsulas , Diagnóstico por Imagem/métodos , Feminino , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/diagnóstico , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
16.
Rev Gastroenterol Mex ; 70(3): 253-60, 2005.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17063780

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) -guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is a recently described diagnostic method that has demonstrated its usefulness in certain clinical conditions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive and retrospective analysis of the initial experience with EUS-guided FNA at the Hospital General "Dr Manuel Gea González", during the period between March, 1998 and December, 1999. A Pentax FG 32UA linear echoendoscope was used for all cases, as well as two different types of needles. Procedures were performed under sedation and a cytopathologist was not present during the FNA. The biopsy site, quality of the material obtained, cytological as well as final diagnosis and complications are described. RESULTS: A total of 40 procedures were done. FNA was performed on the pancreas, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, mediastinum, rectum and lymph nodes. A diagnosis was obtained in 75%. In the remaining cases, the material obtained was either inadequate or insufficient for diagnosis. FNA results were confirmed histologically in all cases that underwent surgery. Complication presented in 2.5%, and consisted of one case of self-limited and clinically irrelevant bleeding. The best results were obtained in lymph nodes, mediastinum, liver and pancreatic tumors. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated the utility of EUS-guided FNA to obtain cytologic material for diagnosis in a high percentage of cases and with minimal complications. Some factors that could lead to better results were also identified.


Assuntos
Biópsia por Agulha/métodos , Endossonografia , Neoplasias Gastrointestinais/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Gastrointestinais/patologia , Humanos , México , Estudos Retrospectivos
17.
Rev. méd. hondur ; 69(2): 52-61, abr.-mayo 2001. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-320933

RESUMO

Un estudio transversal fue llevado a cabo en la parte central del departamento de Lempira, Honduras para determinar los conocimientos y prácticas de madres de niños menores de 2 años sobre nutrición infantil, enfermedades diarréicas y respiratorias. Esta investigación se realizó en el mes de febrero de 1997. Se entrevistaron 316 madres procedentes de 30 comunidades rurales del área de estudio. La media de edad de las madres fue de 28.8 años y el 38.6 por ciento no sabía leer ni escribir. La prevalencia de la lactancia materna(LM) fue de 84.5 por ciento y la de lactancia materna exclusiva (LME) en el menor de seis meses fue de 46.7 por ciento (IC95por ciento:35.6 a 57.9). Un poco más de dos terceras partes de las madres iniciaron la lactancia materna en la primera hora después del parto (68.9 por ciento). El consumo de alimentos ricos en vitamina A y hierro fue menor del 30 por ciento en el grupo de 6 a 9 meses. La prevalencia encontrada de enfermedades diarréicas en las dos semanas previas a la encuesta fue de 45.6 por ciento(IC95 por ciento:40.1 a 51.1), y durante el episodio diarréico se continuó dando lactancia materna con la misma frecuencia o más de la acostumbrada en un 82 por ciento de los casos, no sucediendo lo mismo con otros líquidos y alimentos sólidos. El uso de las sales de rehidratación oral(34.7 por ciento), fue superada por la ingesta de antidiarreicos y antibióticos(55.6 por ciento), en el tratamiento de la diarrea. La prevalencia encontrada de infecciones respiratorias agudas (IRA) en las dos semanas previas a la encuesta fue de 69.9 por ciento(IC95 por ciento:64.9 a 75.0), y apenas el 35 por ciento de la informantes reconocieron los signos de alarma. El diseño de una intervención educativa en supervivencia infantil deberá considerar una etapa previa de investigación formativa utilizando métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos que orienten a los tomadores de decisiones a seleccionar las intervenciones y mensajes que mejor se adapten a las necesidades de información de la comunidad...


Assuntos
Doenças Respiratórias , Taxa de Sobrevida , Diarreia Infantil , Hidratação , Nutrição do Lactente
18.
Rev. méd. hondur ; 67(3): 181-7, jul.-sept. 1999. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-274024

RESUMO

En el período de septiembre a octubre de 1997 el Proyecto de Supervivencia Infantil realizó un estudio en escuelas primarias rurales del departamento de Lempira. Fueron evaluados 953 niños escolares y examinados 188 muestras de sal común procedentes de los hogares de algunos de los niños seleccionados al azar. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de bocio en niños de edad escolar que atienden escuelas rurales localizadas en siete municipios de Lempira y determinar la disponibilidad de sal yodada a nivel domiciliar. Todos los niños que se encontraban al momento de la visita fueron evaluados. La prevalencia de bocio encontrada fue de 1.4 por ciento, aunque en algunas escuelas de incrementó hasta en un 18 por ciento. La disponibilidad de sal yodada a nivel domiciliar se ubicó en un rango de 20 a 60 por ciento. Con base a estos resultados se incluyeron mensajes sobre promoción del consumo de sal yodada a través de medios masivos en la zona y se sugiere desarrollar una intervención educativa para evitar que los trastornos por deficiencia de yodo se conviertan en un problema moderado o grave de salud pública en Lempira


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Bócio/diagnóstico , Bócio/epidemiologia , Educação em Saúde , Saúde Pública/educação
19.
Endoscopia (México) ; 9(4): 145-8, oct.-dic. 1998. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-248145

RESUMO

Siendo el sangrado variceal una causa importante de muerte, numerosos métodos se han introducido para el control de la hemorragia aguda variceal, como la escleroterapia transendoscópica con diversidad de agentes esclerosantes, la aplicación de ligaduras y actualmente el enbucrilato, el cual ha demostrado resultados adecuados en la obliteración de las várices, especialmente las fúndicas, que tienen un alto número de fracaso terapéutico con otros métodos. Presentamos a 17 pacientes, diez hombres y siete mujeres con promedio de edad de 53 años, incluidos del 25 de febrero de 1997 al 15 de junio de 1998 con aplicación de enbucrilato en várices fúndicas, revisando tanto resultados inmediatos, seguimiento endoscópico y comprobación de la ausencia de flujo por medio del USG endoscópico doppler color. No se observó ninguna complicación y a la mayoría de los pacientes les fue suficiente de una a dos aplicaciones para su obliteración total


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hemorragia/etiologia , Hemorragia/terapia , Diques de Borracha , Soluções Esclerosantes/uso terapêutico , Escleroterapia , Escleroterapia/instrumentação , Ultrassonografia Doppler em Cores , Varizes Esofágicas e Gástricas/terapia , Varizes Esofágicas e Gástricas
20.
Endoscopia (México) ; 9(4): 149-52, oct.-dic. 1998. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-248146

RESUMO

La casi invariable asociación entre el reflujo gastroesofágico y epitelio de Barrett apoya la teoría de ser condición adquirida, varios estudios han reportado una mayor exposición de la mucosa esofágica al ácido en estos pacientes al compararlos con pacientes con enfermedad por reflujo no complicada. El objetivo de este trabajo fue valorar el grado de exposición de la mucosa esofágica al ácido en pacientes con esofágo de Barrett y compararlo con aquellos con enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico no complicada. Se evaluaron 51 pacientes de ambos sexos divididos en tres grupos. Grupo I, pacientes con esofágo de Barrett (metaplasia intestinal), Grupo II, 22 pacientes con enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico no complicada y Grupo III, (15 voluntarios sanos con endoscopia, manometría y monitoreo de pH normales). El grado de exposición de la mucosa esofágica al ácido se valoró mediante monitoreo ambulatorio del pH con los siguientes resultados: los pacientes con esofágo de Barrett mostraron un mayor número de episodios de reflujo tanto en la posición de pie como en la supina, así como episodios de mayor duración al compararlos con aquellos con enfermedad por reflujo no complicada, quienes mostraron también tener una exposición anormal, pero con periodos más cortos y menos numerosos sugiriendo que la magnitud del reflujo gastroesofágico es un factor importante en la patogénesis del esófago de Barrett


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Esôfago de Barrett/etiologia , Esôfago de Barrett/fisiopatologia , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Manometria , Mucosa , Peristaltismo , Refluxo Gastroesofágico/complicações , Refluxo Gastroesofágico/fisiopatologia , Junção Esofagogástrica/fisiologia , Junção Esofagogástrica/fisiopatologia
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA