RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to understand the action of masticatory forces on an implant virtually introduced into the sheep mandible after distraction osteogenesis and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) by using finite element analysis. BACKGROUND DATA: Distraction osteogenesis as an alternative for bone reconstruction that may be used in the treatment of deformities. METHODS: Four ewes underwent distraction osteogenis to elongate the left mandibular body by 15 m, and three of them underwent LLLT with the purpose of improving bone properties. After death, animals were scanned by computed tomography and their mandibles were tridimensionally reconstructed by computer programs. The physical properties related to hardness and modulus of elasticity of each animal were obtained from the dissected mandibles, and data were transferred to Femap software for finite element analysis. RESULTS: Animals exposed and not exposed to LLLT irradiation showed remarkably similar values for superficial hardness and modulus of elasticity, without statistically significant difference (p>0.05), between the values observed for the cortical bone and the cancellous bone among the groups. The neoformed mandible, after a brief period for bone healing, was able to promote stability for implant placement and proper distribution of masticatory forces. CONCLUSIONS: An implant introduced virtually into the site of bone neoformation did not suffer any micromotions relevant to osteointegration. Furthermore, finite element analysis showed that the neoformed portion of the mandible was able to absorb and distribute masticatory forces throughout its structure, even after a brief period for bone maturation.
Assuntos
Regeneração Óssea/efeitos da radiação , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade , Mandíbula/efeitos da radiação , Mastigação , Osteogênese por Distração , Animais , Módulo de Elasticidade , Análise de Elementos Finitos , Dureza , Modelos Animais , Projetos Piloto , Carneiro DomésticoRESUMO
O uso de protetores bucais na prática de esportes tem ampliado espaço no contexto da prevenção de traumas bucais, bem como apresentado melhoria no desempenho ao longo de sua história. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento do complexo bucodentoalveolar por meio do método dos elementos finitos. O estudo partiu de um modelo em formato esterolitográfico oriundo de uma tomografia computadorizada, o qual foi convertido para um modelo 3D pelo programa Rhinoceros® versão 4.0, sem protetor bucal (controle) e com protetor bucal de 4,0 mm de espessura em EVA (copolímero de etileno e acetato de vinila), os quais receberam duas cargas diferentes (500, 1000 N) no programa ANSYS® v.12 em regime quase estático e de caráter elástico linear. Pudemos observar que houve um padrão de comportamento das estruturas envolvidas quanto à dissipação das tensões geradas e ao se comparar o modelo controle com o modelo provido de protetor bucal houve uma absorção das tensões geradas em até 50%, permitindo confirmar a ação do protetor bucal em literatura e tornando o seu uso imperativo durante a prática de esportes, em especial as modalidades de maior contato.
The use of mouthguards in the practice of sports has expanded space in the prevention of oral trauma, and has presented performance improvement over its history. The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of complex dento alveolar buccal through the finite element method. The study was based on a template stereolitographic format come from a CT scan, which was converted to a 3D model by the program Rhinoceros® version 4.0, without a mouthguard (control) and mouthguard 4.0 mm thick copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate (EVA), which received two different loads (500, 1000 N) in ANSYS® v.12 under quasi-static linear and elastic character. We noticed that there was a pattern of behavior of the structures involved about the dissipation of tensions generated, and when the model was compared with the control model fitted with a mouthguard there was an absortion of the stresses generated in up to 50%, allowing to confirm the action of the mouthguard in literature and making its use mandatory for the practice of sports, especially the arrangements for closer contact.