RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To develop a novel calcium silver zeolite (Ca-Ag-Zeo) and assess its biocompatibility, physiochemical properties and antimicrobial effects. METHODS: Ca-Ag-Zeo was synthesized using ion-exchange method with calcium chloride, silver nitrate and Zeolite X (Zeo). Silver zeolite X (Ag-Zeo) and Zeo were set as control. The chemical structure, morphology, crystal structure and elemental composition of Ca-Ag-Zeo was characterized by X-ray diffraction spectrum, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy, respectively. Its biocompatibility on the human gingival fibroblasts was assessed by cell counting kit-8 assay. Its physiochemical properties were determined by the released calcium and silver ion using Inductive Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometry for up to 12 weeks. The antimicrobial properties on Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, and Candida albicans were assessed by minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) or minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) assay. RESULTS: Ca-Ag-Zeo with a hexagonal cage structure was synthesized. As for biocompatibility, the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (± SD in mg/mL) of Ca-Ag-Zeo, Ag-Zeo and Zeo in human gingival fibroblasts were 0.52 ± 0.05, 0.15 ± 0.01 and 3.35 ± 0.58, respectively (Zeo > Ca-Ag-Zeo > Ag-Zeo; p < 0.05). As for physiochemical properties, the accumulated ion release (± SD in mg) of Ca-Ag-Zeo, Ag-Zeo and Zeo were 0.011 ± 0.003, 0 and 0 for calcium ion, respectively (Ca-Ag-Zeo > Ag-Zeo, Zeo; p < 0.001), and 0.213 ± 0.032, 0.209 ± 0.019 and 0 for silver ion, respectively (Ca-Ag-Zeo, Ag-Zeo > Zeo; p < 0.001). As for anti-microbial ability, the MBC/MFC (mg/mL) of Ca-Ag-Zeo, Ag-Zeo and Zeo were 32, 16 and > 256 against Streptococcus mutans; 32, 16, > 256 against Lactobacillus acidophilus; 16, 16, and 256 against Lactobacillus casei; 0.25, 0.125; and 2, 1, > 256 against Candida albicans, respectively. CONCLUSION: A novel Ca-Ag-Zeo was developed. It presented better biocompatibility compared to Ag-Zeo. It released calcium and silver ions sustainably, and it could inhibit the growth of common cariogenic microorganisms.
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Calcio , Candida albicans , Caries Dental , Fibroblastos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Plata , Streptococcus mutans , Zeolitas , Humanos , Zeolitas/farmacología , Zeolitas/química , Streptococcus mutans/efectos de los fármacos , Candida albicans/efectos de los fármacos , Fibroblastos/efectos de los fármacos , Caries Dental/prevención & control , Caries Dental/microbiología , Plata/farmacología , Plata/química , Lactobacillus acidophilus/efectos de los fármacos , Difracción de Rayos X , Encía/efectos de los fármacos , Encía/citología , Lacticaseibacillus casei/efectos de los fármacos , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Materiales Biocompatibles/farmacología , Microscopía Electrónica de Transmisión , Ensayo de Materiales , Nitrato de Plata/farmacología , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antiinfecciosos/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Silicate has been proven to be highly-effective at immobilizing soil heavy metals, but the effects of silicate stabilizers on rice grain cadmium (Cd) reduction and rice quality under field conditions are not clear. In this study, a field experiment was conducted over three consecutive years was conducted to examine the Cd reduction in rice grains and to reveal the potential effects of silicate stabilizers on rice grain nutrients, by setting different amounts of bentonite (B), silicaâcalcium fertilizer (SC) and zeolite powder (ZP). The results revealed that the application of the B, SC and ZP significantly decreased the soil CaCl2âCd concentration (> 39%) and significantly reduced the grain Cd concentration in both early rice (> 70%) and late rice (> 18%) under field conditions; the silicate stabilizers reduced the soil available iron (Fe) but did not limit rice grain Fe nutrition. Additionally, the three silicates promoted rice yield and improved the rice grain Ca and Mg contents; and the application of B increased the amylose concentration of the late rice grains. In conclusion, high amounts of silicate stabilizers did not adversely influence the soil conventional nutrient indices, rice minerals or rice taste, but changes in rice selenium content need attention. Overall, in comparison with lime, silicate stabilizers can improve not only the safety of rice but also the nutritional and taste qualities of rice and are more eco-friendly for long-term use in soil.
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Cadmio , Fertilizantes , Oryza , Silicatos , Suelo , Oryza/crecimiento & desarrollo , Oryza/efectos de los fármacos , Cadmio/análisis , Suelo/química , Fertilizantes/análisis , Contaminantes del Suelo/análisis , Bentonita , Grano Comestible , Zeolitas/farmacologíaRESUMEN
This study investigated the effects of feeding clinoptilolite (CLN; 2.5% of diet dry matter) with a particle size of either 30- or 400-µm on ruminal fermentation characteristics, measures of nitrogen (N) utilization, and manure ammonia-N (NH3) emissions in feedlot cattle. The impact of directly applying 30- or 400-µm CLN to the pen surface (2,250 kg/ha) on manure NH3-N emissions was also evaluated. Six beef heifers were used in a replicated 3â ×â 3 Latin square design with 21-d periods. Dietary treatments were 1) finishing ration with no supplement (CON), 2) CONâ +â 30-µm CLN (CLN-30), and 3) CONâ +â 400-µm CL (CLN-400). Intake was measured daily. To evaluate fermentation characteristics, ruminal fluid was collected on day 19. Indwelling pH loggers were used to measure ruminal pH from days 15 to 21. Blood was collected 3-h post-feeding on day 21 for metabolite analysis. Fecal grab and urine spot samples were also collected from days 19 to 21 to measure nutrient digestibility, route of N excretion, and in vitro NH3 emissions. There was no diet effect (Pâ ≥â 0.12) on nutrient intake and apparent total tract digestibility, and ruminal short-chain fatty acid profile and pH. Ruminal NH3 concentration, which was lower (Pâ =â 0.04) for CLN-30 than CON heifers, did not differ between CON and CLN-400 heifers. Although there was no diet effect (Pâ =â 0.50) on plasma urea-N (PUN) concentration, proportion of urea-N excreted in urine was lower (Pâ =â 0.01) for CLN-30 than CON and CLN-400 heifers. Urinary NH3-N excretion, which was greater (Pâ ≤â 0.04) for CLN-400 than CON heifers, did not differ between CLN-30 and CLN-400 heifers. Feeding CLN also increased (Pâ ≤â 0.02) fecal excretion of potassium (K) and iron (Fe) and reduced (Pâ =â 0.01) urinary excretion of calcium (Ca). There was a treatmentâ ×â time interaction (Pâ =â 0.01) for NH3 emission rate, which was greatest within the first 36 h of incubation and was lower for manure from CLN-400 compared to CON and CLN-30 heifers and pen surface application treatments. Cumulative NH3 emissions were lower (Pâ <â 0.01) for manure from CLN-400 compared to CON and CLN-30 heifers and the pen surface application treatments. Although surface application was ineffective, feeding 400-µm CLN to finishing cattle could result in a beneficial decrease in manure NH3 emissions. However, changes in fecal and urine excretion of minerals like K and Ca, which suggest a decrease in bioavailability, need to be considered when feeding CLN in finishing cattle diets.
There is interest in developing strategies that limit ammonia emissions from confined feeding operations, as it leads to both air and water pollution. Feeding zeolites like clinoptilolite (CLN) or directly applying them to pen surfaces to bind ammonia represents possible mitigation strategies. Although this could impact its effectiveness, there still is limited information on whether the particle size of CLN influences the binding of ammonia when fed or surface applied. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of feeding supplemental CLN with a small (30-µm) or large particle size (400-µm) to finishing cattle on ruminal fermentation parameters, route of nitrogen excretion, and manure ammonia emissions. We also evaluated the effects of applying 30- and 400-µm CLN directly to the pen surface on manure ammonia emissions. Only CLN with the small particle size (30 µm) was effective in binding ruminal ammonia, which reduced the amount of urea excreted in urine. However, ammonia emissions were only lower for manure from finishing cattle fed CLN with the large particle size. Applying CLN to the pen surface was not effective in reducing ammonia emissions. There were also indications that fed CLN reduced bioavailability of potassium and iron.
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Amoníaco , Alimentación Animal , Dieta , Estiércol , Nitrógeno , Zeolitas , Animales , Bovinos/fisiología , Amoníaco/metabolismo , Nitrógeno/metabolismo , Estiércol/análisis , Zeolitas/farmacología , Zeolitas/administración & dosificación , Zeolitas/química , Alimentación Animal/análisis , Femenino , Dieta/veterinaria , Tamaño de la Partícula , Fermentación , Rumen/metabolismo , Digestión/efectos de los fármacos , Digestión/fisiología , Suplementos Dietéticos/análisisRESUMEN
Background: A successful immune response against tumors depends on various cellular processes. Hence, there is an urgent need to construct a proficient nanoplatform for immunotherapy that can concurrently regulate the activities of various cells participating in the immune process. We have developed zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) formula, with good pH sensitivity, which is conducive to the release of drugs in the tumor site (acidic environment) and significantly improves immunotherapy. This is achieved through the coordinated action of different therapeutic agents, such as the photothermal agent polydopamine (PDA), the chemodrug camptothecin (CPT), and the immunomodulator 1-methyl-D-tryptophan (1-MT). Materials and Methods: In this study, we evaluated the antitumor effect of PDA/(CPT + 1-MT) @ZIF-8 (PCMZ) nanoparticles (NPs) in vitro and in vivo and investigated the molecular mechanism of PCMZ NPs in tumor suppression via photothermal-chemo-immunotherapy. Results: MTT and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining apoptosis test showed that PCMZ NPs could induce apoptosis of 4T1 cell, and PCMZ NPs could cause 4T1 cell necrosis under 808 nm laser irradiation. The objective is to establish a unilateral breast cancer model in mice and investigate the effect of PCMZ NPs on tumor growth and tumor suppression in tumor bearing mice. The results showed that PCMZ NPs showed good heating effect in vivo and effectively inhibited tumor growth under 808 nm laser irradiation. In addition, PCMZ NPs could induce the immunogenic death of tumor cells, promote the maturation of DCs, inhibit IDO pathway, and finally differentiate T cells into cytotoxic T cells and helper T cells, so as to effectively activate the anti-tumor immune response. Conclusion: The PCMZ NPs, possessing good photothermal conversion capabilities due to join of PDA, effectively overcome two main challenges in immunotherapy: insufficient stimulation of the immune response and evasion of the immune system. This provides a robust platform against invasive cancer and recurrent tumors.
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Camptotecina , Inmunoterapia , Indoles , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Polímeros , Triptófano , Zeolitas , Animales , Indoles/química , Indoles/farmacología , Zeolitas/química , Zeolitas/farmacología , Inmunoterapia/métodos , Triptófano/química , Triptófano/farmacología , Triptófano/análogos & derivados , Ratones , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Línea Celular Tumoral , Femenino , Polímeros/química , Polímeros/farmacología , Camptotecina/química , Camptotecina/farmacología , Nanopartículas/química , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/química , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/farmacología , Humanos , Terapia Fototérmica/métodos , Imidazoles/química , Imidazoles/farmacología , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Terapia CombinadaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Interest is growing in the search for alternatives to traditional feed additives, so this study aimed to investigate the effect of adding zeolite to the concentrate diets of Awassi lambs with or without urea on growth performance, nutrient digestion, and health status. A total of 45 Awassi lambs similar in weight (24 ± 2 kg) and age (3 months ± 4 days) were divided into three groups: the first group (G1) fed on a concentrate diet supplemented with 1% urea; the second group (G2) fed on the concentrate diet supplemented with 1% urea and 3% zeolite, and the third group (G3) fed on a urea-free diet supplemented with 3% zeolite. RESULTS: The results showed a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in final live weight, daily and total weight gain for group G2 compared to groups G1and G3, with a significant superiority (P ≤ 0.05) of group G3 over the control group G1. Significant improvement (P < 0.05) was also observed in feed consumption and feed conversion ratio in diets supplemented with zeolite for groups G2 and G3 compared to the control group G1. Additionally, there was a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in nutrient digestion and nutritional value in the diet of group G2 containing urea with added zeolite compared to groups G1 and G3. Zeolite did not affect the levels of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, and albumin in the blood, but a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in total blood protein level and a significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in blood urea level were noted for groups G2 and G3 compared to the control group G1. CONCLUSIONS: Adding zeolite to urea-containing concentrate diets improved growth rates and nutrient digestion, of Awassi lambs. In diets without urea, zeolite improved growth rates without affecting nutrient digestion coefficients, in both types of diets, zeolite increased total protein levels and decreased blood urea levels, with all physiological indicators in lambs blood remaining within normal limits.
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Alimentación Animal , Fenómenos Fisiológicos Nutricionales de los Animales , Dieta , Suplementos Dietéticos , Urea , Zeolitas , Animales , Zeolitas/farmacología , Zeolitas/administración & dosificación , Urea/sangre , Urea/farmacología , Alimentación Animal/análisis , Dieta/veterinaria , Masculino , Ovinos/fisiología , Digestión/efectos de los fármacos , Oveja Doméstica/fisiologíaRESUMEN
Glioma cancer is the primary cause of cancer-related fatalities globally for both men and women. Traditional chemotherapy treatments for this condition frequently result in reduced efficacy and significant adverse effects. This investigation developed a new drug delivery system for the chemotherapeutic drug temozolomide (TMZ) using pH-sensitive drug delivery zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF-8). These nanoplatforms demonstrate excellent biocompatibility and hold potential for cancer therapy. Utilizing the favorable reaction milieu offered by ZIFs, a 'one-pot method' was employed for the fabrication and loading of drugs, leading to a good capacity for loading. TMZ@TA@ZIF-8 NPs exhibit a notable response to an acidic milieu, resulting in an enhanced drug release pattern characterized by a controlled release outcome. The effectiveness of TMZ@TA@ZIF-8 NPs in inhibiting the migration and invasion of U251 glioma cancer cells, as well as promoting apoptosis, was confirmed through various tests, including MTT (3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo(-z-y1)) assay, DAPI/PI dual staining, and cell scratch assay. The biochemical fluorescent staining assays showed that TMZ@TA@ZIF-8 NPs potentially improved ROS, reduced MMP, and triggered apoptosis in U251 cells. In U251 cells treated with NPs, the p53, Bax, Cyt-C, caspase-3, -8, and -9 expressions were significantly enhanced, while Bcl-2 expression was diminished. These outcomes show the potential of TMZ@TA@ZIF-8 NPs as a therapeutic agent with anti-glioma properties. Overall, the pH-responsive drug delivery systems we fabricated using TMZ@TA@ZIF-8 NPs show great potential for cancer treatment. This approach has the potential to make significant contributions to the improvement of cancer therapy by overcoming the problems associated with TMZ-based treatments.
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Apoptosis , Liberación de Fármacos , Glioma , Imidazoles , Taninos , Temozolomida , Zeolitas , Temozolomida/farmacología , Temozolomida/química , Humanos , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Glioma/tratamiento farmacológico , Glioma/patología , Imidazoles/química , Imidazoles/farmacología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Taninos/química , Taninos/farmacología , Zeolitas/química , Zeolitas/farmacología , Portadores de Fármacos/química , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos/química , Movimiento Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Antineoplásicos Alquilantes/química , Antineoplásicos Alquilantes/farmacología , Nanopartículas/química , PolifenolesRESUMEN
Osteoarthritis treatment remains a significant clinical challenge. Quercetin, a natural flavonoid with anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic properties, might be utilized to treat OA. However, poor water solubility and short joint retention duration limit its bioavailability and translation to clinical applications. A one-step self-assembly method was utilized to fabricate quercetin-loaded zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (Qu@ZIF-8) nanoparticles using zinc ions, 2-methylimidazole, and quercetin. In vitro tests showed that Qu@ZIF-8 nanoparticles released pH-responsive agents into chondrocytes, effectively protecting them from interleukin (IL)-induced inflammation and apoptosis, thereby promoting cartilage anabolic activities. These underlying mechanisms revealed a remarkable increase of autophagy in IL-ß-treated chondrocytes, followed by the inhibition of the Pi3k/Akt signaling pathway, which contributed to the protective effect of Qu @ZIF-8. By the establishment of medial meniscus instability (DMM) in OA mice, Qu@ZIF-8 substantially improved cartilage structural integrity and chondrocyte status, as well as attenuated OA progression. Importantly, Qu@ZIF-8 outperformed quercetin alone in the treatment of OA due to its control release. The combined research findings indicate that Qu@ZIF-8 shields chondrocytes from inflammation and apoptosis by activating autophagy and repressing the Pi3k/Akt pathway. This investigation may provide new insights for clinically extending the therapy of OA.
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Autofagia , Condrocitos , Nanopartículas , Osteoartritis , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt , Quercetina , Transducción de Señal , Animales , Quercetina/química , Quercetina/farmacología , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/metabolismo , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas/metabolismo , Ratones , Autofagia/efectos de los fármacos , Osteoartritis/tratamiento farmacológico , Osteoartritis/patología , Osteoartritis/metabolismo , Nanopartículas/química , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Condrocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Condrocitos/metabolismo , Condrocitos/patología , Zeolitas/química , Zeolitas/farmacología , Imidazoles/química , Imidazoles/farmacología , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/química , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/farmacología , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos C57BLRESUMEN
Open wounds are susceptible to bacterial infections, and antibiotics are commonly used to treat these infections. However, widespread use of antibiotics will easily induce bacterial resistance. Green antibacterial agents serve as excellent alternative for antibiotics in infection therapy. In this work, polydopamine (PDA) was used to modify the surface of ZIF-8, which not only enhances the water stability of Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8(ZIF-8) but also improves its photocatalytic and photothermal capabilities. ZIF-8@PDA was incorporated into carboxylated chitosan (CCS) films as an antibacterial agent, the resulting ZIF-8@PDA-CCS films exhibit excellent ionic/photocatalytic/photothermal antibacterial performance. The film exhibited an impressive 99% in vitro bacterial inhibition rate. After treatment with ZIF-8@PDA-CCS, the bacteria in infected wounds can be completely suppressed. These findings suggest that ZIF-8@PDA-CCS could serve as a potentional antibacterial dressing.
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Antibacterianos , Quitosano , Hidrogeles , Imidazoles , Indoles , Polímeros , Cicatrización de Heridas , Indoles/química , Indoles/farmacología , Quitosano/química , Quitosano/farmacología , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Polímeros/química , Polímeros/farmacología , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Catálisis , Hidrogeles/química , Hidrogeles/farmacología , Imidazoles/química , Imidazoles/farmacología , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/química , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/farmacología , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacos , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Procesos Fotoquímicos , Zeolitas/química , Zeolitas/farmacología , Animales , Ratones , Tamaño de la Partícula , Propiedades de SuperficieRESUMEN
Crizotinib (CRZ), one of anaplastic lymphoma kinase tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK-TKIs), has emerged as a frontline treatment for ALK-positive (ALK+) lung adenocarcinoma. However, the overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp, a mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent protein) in lung adenocarcinoma lesions causes multidrug resistance (MDR) and limits the efficacy of CRZ treatment. Herein, a mitochondria-targeting nanosystem, zeolitic imidazolate framework-90@indocyanine green (ZIF-90@ICG), was fabricated to intervene in mitochondria and overcome drug resistance. Due to the zinc ion (Zn2+) interference of ZIF-90 and the photodynamic therapy (PDT) of ICG, this nanosystem is well suited for damaging mitochondrial functions, thus downregulating the intracellular ATP level and inhibiting P-gp expression. In addition, systematic bioinformatics analysis revealed the upregulation of CD44 in CRZ-resistant cells. Therefore, hyaluronic acid (HA, a critical target ligand of CD44) was further modified on the surface of ZIF-90@ICG for active targeting. Overall, this ZIF-90@ICG nanosystem synergistically increased the intracellular accumulation of CRZ and reversed CRZ resistance to enhance its anticancer effect, which provides guidance for nanomedicine design to accurately target tumours and induce mitochondrial damage and represents a viable regimen for improving the prognosis of patients with ALK-TKIs resistance. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The original aim of our research was to combat multidrug resistance (MDR) in highly aggressive and lethal lymphoma kinase-positive (ALK+) lung adenocarcinoma. For this purpose, a cascade-targeted system was designed to overcome MDR, integrating lung adenocarcinoma-targeted hyaluronic acid (HA), mitochondrion-targeted zeolitic imidazolate framework-90 (ZIF-90), the clinically approved drug crizotinib (CRZ), and the fluorescence imaging agent/photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG). Moreover, using a "two birds with one stone" strategy, ion interference and oxidative stress induced by ZIF-90 and photodynamic therapy (PDT), respectively, disrupt mitochondrial homeostasis, thus downregulating adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, inhibiting MDR-relevant P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression and suppressing tumour metastasis. Overall, this research represents an attempt to implement the concept of MDR reversal and realize the trade-offs between MDR and therapeutic effectiveness.
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Quinasa de Linfoma Anaplásico , Crizotinib , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos , Imidazoles , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Mitocondrias , Zeolitas , Humanos , Mitocondrias/metabolismo , Mitocondrias/efectos de los fármacos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos/efectos de los fármacos , Crizotinib/farmacología , Quinasa de Linfoma Anaplásico/metabolismo , Zeolitas/química , Zeolitas/farmacología , Imidazoles/farmacología , Imidazoles/química , Animales , Línea Celular Tumoral , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/química , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/farmacología , Ratones , Ratones Desnudos , FotoquimioterapiaRESUMEN
This work was designed to assess the impact of varying zeolite concentrations in diet and litter to enhance broiler's growth performance, immunity, and litter quality. A complete random arrangement was used for distributing 525 unsexed "Cobb 500" broiler chicks into seven treatments (75 chick / treatment), each treatment divided into 3 replicates (25 chicks / replicate). The 1st group (control one) received the recommended basal diet. Zeolite has been introduced to the basal diet (ZD) of the second, third, and fourth groups at concentrations of 5, 10, and 15 g/kg, respectively. The 5th, 6th and 7th groups used zeolite mixed with litter (ZL) at 0.5, 1, and 1.5 kg/m2 of litter, respectively. Due to the obtained results, adding zeolite with levels 15 g/kg of diet and 1.5 kg/1 m2 of litter, a significant improvement occurred in live body weight (LBW), body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and European production efficiency factor (EPEF). Also, transaminase enzymes (ALT and AST), creatinine, white blood cells (WBCs) and different Immunoglobulins were significantly increased with different zeolite levels, except urea concentrations which showed reduced due to different zeolite treatments. In addition, spleen relative weight hasn't been affected by zeolite treatments, even though thymus and bursa relative weights had been affected significantly. Moreover, the antibodies' production to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and Avian influenza virus (AIV) had increased significantly with adding zeolite with levels 10 g/kg of diet and 1.5 kg/1m2 of litter. Litter quality traits (NH3 concentration, pH values, and Moisture content) were improved with zeolite addition. So, zeolite could be employed in both feed and litter of broilers to maximize their production, immunity and improve farm's climate.
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Amoníaco , Alimentación Animal , Pollos , Dieta , Suplementos Dietéticos , Zeolitas , Animales , Zeolitas/administración & dosificación , Zeolitas/farmacología , Pollos/crecimiento & desarrollo , Pollos/inmunología , Pollos/fisiología , Pollos/sangre , Alimentación Animal/análisis , Dieta/veterinaria , Suplementos Dietéticos/análisis , Distribución Aleatoria , Pisos y Cubiertas de Piso , Fenómenos Fisiológicos Nutricionales de los Animales/efectos de los fármacos , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Masculino , Vivienda para Animales , Virus de la Enfermedad de Newcastle/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Oral ulcers, superficial lesions on the surface of the oral mucosa, have a high incidence rate, and their main symptoms include local pain and erosion. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-preconditioned bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and their secreted exosomes (LPS-pre-Exos) have been shown to promote recovery in various inflammatory conditions and wounds. However, studies documenting LPS-pre-Exos as a therapeutic intervention for oral mucosal-like diseases are lacking. In this study, we prepared a silk fibroin microneedle (MN) patch consisting of LPS-pre-Exos and zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) that localized at the tip and base, respectively, and used this MN patch for oral ulcer treatment. Upon insertion into the oral mucosa, continuous LPS-pre-Exos release was observed, which promoted macrophage polarization and tissue healing. Additionally, the ZIF-8 framework in the MN patch facilitated the controlled release of Zn2+, which demonstrated potent antimicrobial properties via synergistic effects. The in vitro experimental results showed that the silk fibroin MN patch can continuously release LPS-pre-Exos and Zn2+ for more than 7 days. Thus, the LPS-pre-Exos and ZIF-8-loaded silk fibroin MN patch exhibited good anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, promoting oral ulcer healing, and showed good histocompatibility. Hence, it may represent a potentially valuable strategy for facilitating oral ulcer healing.
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Exosomas , Fibroínas , Lipopolisacáridos , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas , Agujas , Úlceras Bucales , Fibroínas/química , Fibroínas/farmacología , Animales , Lipopolisacáridos/farmacología , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/metabolismo , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/citología , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/efectos de los fármacos , Exosomas/metabolismo , Exosomas/química , Ratones , Úlceras Bucales/patología , Úlceras Bucales/tratamiento farmacológico , Úlceras Bucales/terapia , Úlceras Bucales/metabolismo , Células RAW 264.7 , Masculino , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Zeolitas/química , Zeolitas/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Designing antibacterial agents with rapid bacterial eradication performance is paramount for the treatment of bacteria-infected wounds. Metal nanoclusters (NCs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) have been considered as novel photodynamic antibacterial agents without drug resistance, but they suffer from poor photostability and low charge carrier separation efficiency. Herein, we report the design of a photodynamic antibacterial agent by encapsulating AIE-type AgAu NCs (Ag28Au1 NCs) into a zeolitic Zn(2-methylimidazole)2 framework (ZIF-8). The encapsulation of AIE-type Ag28Au1 NCs into porous ZIF-8 could not only enhance the photostability of Ag28Au1 NCs by inhibiting their aggregation but also promote the separation of photoinduced charge carriers, resulting in the rapid generation of destructive reactive oxygen species (ROS) for bacterial killing under visible-light irradiation. Consequently, the as-designed photodynamic Ag28Au1 NCs@ZIF-8 antibacterial agent could rapidly eliminate 97.7% of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and 91.6% of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) within 5 min in vitro under visible light irradiation. Furthermore, in vivo experimental results have highlighted the synergistic effect created by AIE-type Ag28Au1 NCs and ZIF-8, enabling Ag28Au1 NCs@ZIF-8 to effectively eradicate bacteria in infected areas, reduce inflammation, and promote the generation of blood vessels, epithelial tissue, and collagen. This synergistic effect promoted the healing of S. aureus-infected wound, with nearly 100% of wound recovery within 11 days. This work may be interesting because it sheds light on the design of metal NC-based photodynamic nanomedicine for bacteria-infected disease treatment.
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Antibacterianos , Escherichia coli , Imidazoles , Estructuras Metalorgánicas , Fotoquimioterapia , Staphylococcus aureus , Cicatrización de Heridas , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Animales , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacos , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/química , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/farmacología , Ratones , Imidazoles/química , Imidazoles/farmacología , Zeolitas/química , Zeolitas/farmacología , Plata/química , Plata/farmacología , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Nanopartículas del Metal/química , Nanopartículas del Metal/uso terapéutico , Oro/química , Oro/farmacología , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/química , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/farmacología , LuzRESUMEN
Pathogenic bacteria have consistently posed a formidable challenge to human health, creating the critical need for effective antibacterial solutions. In response, enzyme-metal-organic framework (MOF) composites have emerged as a promising class of antibacterial agents. This study focuses on the development of an enzyme-MOF composite based on HZIF-8, incorporating the advantages of simple synthesis, ZIF-8 antibacterial properties, lysozyme hydrolysis, and high biological safety. Through a one-pot method, core-shell nanoparticles (HZIF-8) were synthesized. This structure enables efficient immobilization of lysozyme and lactoferrin within the HZIF-8, resulting in the formation of the lysozyme-lactoferrin@HZIF-8 (LYZ-LF@HZIF-8) composite. Upon exposure to light irradiation, HZIF-8 itself possessed antibacterial properties. Lysozyme initiated the degradation of bacterial peptidoglycan and lactoferrin synergistically enhanced the antibacterial effect of lysozyme. All of the above ultimately contributed to comprehensive antibacterial activity. Antibacterial assessments demonstrated the efficacy of the LYZ-LF@HZIF-8 composite, effectively eradicating Staphylococcus aureus at a cell density of 1.5 × 106 CFU/mL with a low dosage of 200 µg/mL and completely inactivating Escherichia coli at 400 µg/mL with the same cell density. The enzyme-MOF composite exhibited significant and durable antibacterial efficacy, with no apparent cytotoxicity in vitro, thereby unveiling expansive prospects for applications in the medical and food industries.
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Antibacterianos , Escherichia coli , Lactoferrina , Estructuras Metalorgánicas , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Muramidasa , Staphylococcus aureus , Zeolitas , Muramidasa/farmacología , Muramidasa/química , Muramidasa/metabolismo , Lactoferrina/química , Lactoferrina/farmacología , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/química , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/farmacología , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/síntesis química , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/síntesis química , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacos , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Zeolitas/química , Zeolitas/farmacología , Imidazoles/química , Imidazoles/farmacología , Imidazoles/síntesis química , Porosidad , Propiedades de Superficie , Tamaño de la Partícula , Enzimas Inmovilizadas/química , Enzimas Inmovilizadas/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), characterized by progressive degeneration and death of neurons, are strongly related to aging, and the number of people with NDs will continue to rise. Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the most common NDs, and the current treatments offer no cure. A growing body of research shows that AD and especially PD are intricately related to intestinal health and the gut microbiome and that both diseases can spread retrogradely from the gut to the brain. Zeolites are a large family of minerals built by [SiO4]4- and [AlO4]5- tetrahedrons joined by shared oxygen atoms and forming a three-dimensional microporous structure holding water molecules and ions. The most widespread and used zeolite is clinoptilolite, and additionally, mechanically activated clinoptilolites offer further improved beneficial effects. The current review describes and discusses the numerous positive effects of clinoptilolite and its forms on gut health and the gut microbiome, as well as their detoxifying, antioxidative, immunostimulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects, relevant to the treatment of NDs and especially AD and PD. The direct effects of clinoptilolite and its activated forms on AD pathology in vitro and in vivo are also reviewed, as well as the use of zeolites as biosensors and delivery systems related to PD.
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Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas , Zeolitas , Zeolitas/química , Zeolitas/farmacología , Humanos , Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas/tratamiento farmacológico , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/metabolismo , Enfermedad de Parkinson/tratamiento farmacológico , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/uso terapéutico , Antioxidantes/químicaRESUMEN
The development of growth factor-free biomaterials for bone tissue regeneration with anti-infection and anti-inflammatory activities remains challenging. Black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNs), with distinctive attributes, including photothermal conversion and calcium ion chelation, offer potential for use in bone tissue engineering and infection prevention. However, BPNs are prone to oxidation and degradation in aqueous environments, and methods to stabilize BPNs for long-term bone repair remain insufficient. Herein, zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) was used to stabilize BPNs via in situ crystallization onto the surface of BPNs (BP@ZIF-8 nanocomposite). A novel injectable dual-component hydrogel comprising gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) and methacrylate-modified hyaluronic acid (HAMA) was used as a BP@ZIF-8 nanocomposite carrier (GelMA/HAMA/BP@ZIF-8). The BP@ZIF-8 nanocomposite could effectively protect internal BPNs from oxidation and enhance the long-term photothermal performance of the hydrogel in both in vitro and in vivo settings. The GelMA/HAMA/BP@ZIF-8 hydrogel was injectable and exhibited outstanding performance for photothermal conversion, mechanical strength, and biodegradability, as well as excellent photothermal antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in vitro and in an in vivo rat model. The GelMA/HAMA/BP@ZIF-8 hydrogel also provided a microenvironment conducive to osteogenic differentiation, promoting the transformation of M2 macrophages and inhibiting inflammatory responses. Furthermore, the hydrogel promoted bone regeneration and had a synergistic effect with near-infrared irradiation in a rat skull-defect model. Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed that the PI3K-AKT- and calcium-signaling pathways may be involved in promoting osteogenic differentiation induced by the GH-BZ hydrogel. This study presents an innovative, multifaceted solution to the challenges of bone tissue regeneration with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, providing insights into the design of smart biomaterials with dual therapeutic capabilities.
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Antibacterianos , Escherichia coli , Hidrogeles , Osteogénesis , Fósforo , Staphylococcus aureus , Zeolitas , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Hidrogeles/química , Hidrogeles/farmacología , Animales , Osteogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Fósforo/química , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas , Zeolitas/química , Zeolitas/farmacología , Gelatina/química , Gelatina/farmacología , Ratones , Ácido Hialurónico/química , Ácido Hialurónico/farmacología , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Metacrilatos/química , Metacrilatos/farmacología , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/química , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/farmacología , Nanocompuestos/química , Células RAW 264.7 , Regeneración Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Nanoestructuras/químicaRESUMEN
Intracellular oxidative protection mechanisms and adverse systemic toxicity are major obstacles for the success of chemodynamic therapy (CDT)/chemotherapy (CT) synergistic therapy. To tackle the fundamental challenges of current CDT and circumvent the side effects of conventional CT, we developed a copper peroxide (CP) and disulfiram (DSF)-loaded 3-aminotriazole (3-AT) doped ZIF-8 (MAF) with partial sequence-specificity using hyaluronic acid (HA) and triphenylphosphine (TPP) in this study. Upon intravenous administration, CP@MAF-DSF@PEG-TPP@HA (CPMDTH) nanoparticles (NPs) were enriched in tumor tissues through HA-mediated endocytosis, followed by enhanced accumulation in mitochondria by the TPP target. The acidic tumor environment (TME) triggered the decomposition of MAF to release CP, DSF and 3-AT. Cu2+ and H2O2 hydrated from CP NPs produced ËOH via a Fenton-like reaction. CAT activity inhibition and GSH consumption induced by 3-AT dramatically amplified mitochondrial oxidative stress, thereby promoting the overproduction of ËOH. In addition, the accumulation of DSF and Cu2+ led to the formation of a cytotoxic bis(N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate) copper(II) complex (Cu(DTC)2) in situ, achieving efficient CT. CPMDTH NPs demonstrated significantly improved antitumor efficiency and excellent biosafety both in vitro and in vivo. This study offers a promising therapeutic strategy for CDT/CT synergistic oncotherapy.
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Antineoplásicos , Disulfiram , Nanopartículas , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/síntesis química , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Humanos , Nanopartículas/química , Animales , Disulfiram/farmacología , Disulfiram/química , Ratones , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Ensayos de Selección de Medicamentos Antitumorales , Zeolitas/química , Zeolitas/farmacología , Ácido Hialurónico/química , Ácido Hialurónico/farmacología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Tamaño de la Partícula , Triazoles/química , Triazoles/farmacología , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Diabetic skin wound healing is compromised by bacterial infections, oxidative stress, and vascular disruption, leading to delayed recovery and potential complications. This study developed an antibacterial, antioxidant, and adhesive hydrogel dressing that promotes rapid bacterial-infected diabetic wound healing using the biological macromolecule of polydopamine (PDA). This hydrogel comprised PDA-armored zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 nanoparticles (PDA@ZIF-8 NPs) combined with a second armor of zwitterionic polymer network (poly(acrylamide-co-sulfobetaine methacrylate); PAS), realizing low concentration Zn2+ release, good adhesion (14.7 kPa for porcine skin), and improved tensile strength (83.2 kPa). The hydrogel exhibited good antibacterial efficacy against both Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus, 92.8 %), Escherichia coli (E. coli, 99.6 %) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA, 99.2 %), which was attributed to the properties of the incorporated PDA@ZIF-8 NPs. Notably, in vitro, the PDA@ZIF-8 PAS hydrogel not only promoted fibroblast proliferation and migration but also facilitated endothelial cell angiogenesis. In vivo, the PDA@ZIF-8 PAS hydrogel retained its Zn2+-releasing function and effectively suppressed bacterial growth in infected wounds, thereby accelerating the regeneration of both normal and diabetic wounds. This multiarmored hydrogel is a promising sustained-release carrier for functional metal ions and drugs, making it applicable for not only skin healing, but potentially the regeneration of other complex tissues.
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Antibacterianos , Hidrogeles , Indoles , Estructuras Metalorgánicas , Polímeros , Cicatrización de Heridas , Indoles/química , Indoles/farmacología , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Polímeros/química , Polímeros/farmacología , Hidrogeles/química , Hidrogeles/farmacología , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/química , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/farmacología , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacos , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Ratones , Zeolitas/química , Zeolitas/farmacología , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina/efectos de los fármacos , Zinc/química , Zinc/farmacología , Humanos , Porcinos , Nanopartículas/química , Fibroblastos/efectos de los fármacos , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Purpose: Recently, Single-atom-loaded carbon-based material is a new environmentally friendly and stable photothermal antibacterial nanomaterial. It is still a great challenge to achieve single-atom loading on carbon materials. Materials and Methods: Herein, We doped single-atom Ag into ZIF-8-derived porous carbon to obtain Ag-doped ZIF-8-derived porous carbon(AgSA-ZDPC). The as-prepared samples were characterized by XRD, XPS, FESEM, EDX, TEM, and HAADF-STEM which confirmed that the single-atom Ag successfully doped into the porous carbon. Further, the photothermal properties and antimicrobial activity of AgSA-ZDPC have been tested. Results: The results showed that the temperature increased by 30 °C after near-infrared light irradiation(1 W/cm2) for 5 min which was better than ZIF-8-derived porous carbon(ZDPC). It also exhibits excellent photothermal stability after the laser was switched on and off 5 times. When the AgSA-ZDPC concentration was greater than 50 µg/mL and the near-infrared irradiation was performed for 5 min, the growth inhibition of S. aureus and E. coli was almost 100%. Conclusion: This work provides a simple method for the preparation of single-atom Ag-doped microporous carbon which has potential antibacterial application.
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Antibacterianos , Carbono , Escherichia coli , Plata , Staphylococcus aureus , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Plata/química , Plata/farmacología , Porosidad , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacos , Carbono/química , Carbono/farmacología , Rayos Infrarrojos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/química , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/farmacología , Zeolitas/química , Zeolitas/farmacología , ImidazolesRESUMEN
The need for tumor postoperative treatments aimed at recurrence prevention and tissue regeneration have raised wide considerations in the context of the design and functionalization of implants. Herein, an injectable hydrogel system encapsulated with anti-tumor, anti-oxidant dual functional nanoparticles has been developed in order to prevent tumor relapse after surgery and promote wound repair. The utilization of biocompatible gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) was geared towards localized therapeutic intervention. Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8@ceric oxide (ZIF-8@CeO2, ZC) nanoparticles (NPs) were purposefully devised for their proficiency as reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers. Furthermore, injectable GelMA hydrogels loaded with ZC NPs carrying doxorubicin (ZC-DOX@GEL) were tailored as multifunctional postoperative implants, ensuring the efficacious eradication of residual tumor cells and alleviation of oxidative stress. In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to substantiate the efficacy in cancer cell elimination and the prevention of tumor recurrence through the synergistic chemotherapy approach employed with ZC-DOX@GEL. The acceleration of tissue regeneration and in vitro ROS scavenging attributes of ZC@GEL were corroborated using rat models of wound healing. The results underscore the potential of the multifaceted hydrogels presented herein for their promising application in tumor postoperative treatments.
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Doxorrubicina , Hidrogeles , Estructuras Metalorgánicas , Metacrilatos , Nanopartículas , Cicatrización de Heridas , Animales , Doxorrubicina/farmacología , Doxorrubicina/administración & dosificación , Doxorrubicina/química , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Nanopartículas/química , Hidrogeles/química , Ratas , Humanos , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Gelatina/química , Cerio/química , Cerio/farmacología , Zeolitas/química , Zeolitas/farmacología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Masculino , Imidazoles/química , Imidazoles/administración & dosificación , Imidazoles/farmacología , Ratas Sprague-DawleyRESUMEN
Using natural clinoptilolite (NCP) as a carrier and alginate (Alg)-calcium as an active species, the porous silicon calcium alginate nanocomposite (Alg-Ca-NCP) was successfully fabricated via adsorption-covalence-hydrogen bond. Its structural features and physicochemical properties were detailed investigated by various characterizations. The results indicated that Alg-Ca-NCP presented the disordered lamellar structures with approximately uniform particles in size of 300-500 nm. Specially, their surface fractal evolutions between the irregular roughness and dense structures were demonstrated via the SAXS patterns. The results elucidated that the abundant micropores of NCP were beneficial for unrestricted diffusing of Alg-Ca, which was conducive to facilitate a higher loading and sustainable releasing. The Ca content of leaf mustard treated with Alg-Ca-NCP-0.5 was 484.5 mg/100g on the 21st day, higher than that by water (CK) and CaCl2 solution treatments, respectively. Meanwhile, the prepared Alg-Ca-NCPs presented the obvious anti-aging effects on peroxidase drought stress of mustard leaves. These demonstrations provided a simple and effective method to synthesize Alg-Ca-NCPs as delivery nanocomposites, which is useful to improve the weak absorption and low utilization of calcium alginate by plants.