RESUMEN
Zantedeschia aethiopica is an evergreen perennial plant cultivated worldwide and commonly used for ornamental and medicinal purposes including the treatment of bacterial infections. However, the current understanding of molecular and physiological mechanisms in this plant is limited, in comparison to other non-model plants. In order to improve understanding of the biology of this botanical species, RNA-Seq technology was used for transcriptome assembly and characterization. Following Z. aethiopica spathe tissue RNA extraction, high-throughput RNA sequencing was performed with the aim of obtaining both abundant and rare transcript data. Functional profiling based on KEGG Orthology (KO) analysis highlighted contigs that were involved predominantly in genetic information (37%) and metabolism (34%) processes. Predicted proteins involved in the plant circadian system, hormone signal transduction, secondary metabolism and basal immunity are described here. In silico screening of the transcriptome data set for antimicrobial peptide (AMP) -encoding sequences was also carried out and three lipid transfer proteins (LTP) were identified as potential AMPs involved in plant defense. Spathe predicted protein maps were drawn, and suggested that major plant efforts are expended in guaranteeing the maintenance of cell homeostasis, characterized by high investment in carbohydrate, amino acid and energy metabolism as well as in genetic information.
Asunto(s)
Flores/genética , Flores/metabolismo , Transcriptoma/genética , Zantedeschia/genética , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Proteínas Portadoras/química , Ritmo Circadiano/genética , Ambiente , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Flores/efectos de los fármacos , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas/efectos de los fármacos , Interacciones Huésped-Patógeno/efectos de los fármacos , Interacciones Huésped-Patógeno/genética , Ligandos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Simulación de Dinámica Molecular , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Reguladores del Crecimiento de las Plantas/metabolismo , Inmunidad de la Planta/efectos de los fármacos , Inmunidad de la Planta/genética , Metabolismo Secundario/efectos de los fármacos , Metabolismo Secundario/genética , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Transducción de Señal/genética , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacos , Extractos de Tejidos , Transcripción Genética/efectos de los fármacos , Transcriptoma/efectos de los fármacos , Zantedeschia/efectos de los fármacos , Zantedeschia/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Zantedeschia aethiopica (calla lily) and Anemopsis californica (yerba mansa) are plant species capable of accumulating arsenic (As) and therefore proposed as phytoremediation for removal of As from drinking water. The effects of a continuous 6 month As exposure (34±11 µg/L) from local contaminated groundwater on the antioxidant response of Z. aethiopica and A. californica were evaluated in leaves and stems of the plants bimonthly in a subsurface flow constructed wetland. As increased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase and catalase where higher levels were observed in Z. aethiopica than A. californica. No significant differences were detected on lipid peroxidation levels or antioxidant capacity evaluated by ORAC and DPPH assays or total phenol contents in any part of the plant, although in general the leaves of both plants showed the best antioxidant defense against the metal. In conclusion, Z. aethiopica and A. californica were able to cope to As through induction of a more sensitive enzymatic antioxidant response mechanism.