RESUMEN
Introducción: la voz humana en sus variadas manifestaciones, como el habla, el canto y otras producciones sonoras, es una forma de canalizar y expresar nuestras emociones, ideas, pensamientos y de vincularnos con los demás. El paciente laringectomizado total se ve privado de su voz natural. En su proceso de rehabilitación deberá aprender habilidades de comunicación funcional que le permitan desarrollar una buena calidad de vida. Material y método: 4 talleres con frecuencia trimestral, en el transcurso de un año. Participaron 21 pacientes laringectomizados, con edad promedio de 62 años. Actividades propuestas: Ejercicios de relajación activa y alineación postural, automasajes cervicofaciales y ejercitación de respiración costo-diafragmática. Percusión corporal e instrumental con variaciones rítmicas asociadas al movimiento. Ejercicios de asociación de cualidades sonoras vinculadas a la producción oral y cantada. En cada taller se administró un cuestionario escrito. Resultados: Mediante la ejercitación respiratoria se logró un mejor dominio del soplo aéreo pulmonar evitando sonidos silbantes durante la espiración. Las actividades rítmicas favorecieron el reconocimiento, la reproducción y la sincronización de movimientos corporales. Las actividades de percusión asociadas a la emisión de la palabra permitieron que el patrón rítmico acompañe a la producción de las mismas. El 100% de los pacientes manifestaron disfrute por la actividad propuesta. Entre los beneficios obtenidos mencionaron: mejoramiento del humor, sensación de bienestar corporal, mejoras en la comunicación. Conclusiones: La implementación de técnicas de relajación, alineación postural y respiración junto a actividades asociadas al ritmo y al movimiento contribuyen notoriamente a la calidad de vida de estos pacientes.
Introduction: the human voice in its varied manifestations, such as speech, singing and other sound productions are a way of channeling and expressing our emotions, ideas, thoughts and to bond with others. The total laryngectomized patient is deprived of his natural voice. In your rehabilitation process you must learn functional communication skills that allow you to develop a good quality of life. Material and method: 4 workshops with quarterly frequency, in the course of one year. 21 laryngectomized patients participated, with a mean age of 62 years. Proposed activities: Exercises of active relaxation and postural alignment, cervicofacial self-masagges and cost-diaphragmatic breathing exercises. Body and instrumental percussion with rhythmic variations associated with movement. Association exercises of sound qualities linked to the production of syllables, words, phrases, rhymes and popular songs. In each workshop, a written questionnaire was administered to respond anonymously. Results: By means of the respiratory exercises, a better control of the aerial lung breath was obtained avoiding hissing sounds during the expiration. The rhythmic activities favored the recognition, reproduction and synchronization of body movements. The percussion activities associated with the emission of the word allowed the rhythmic pattern to accompany the production of the same. 100% of patients expressed their enjoyment of the proposed activity. Among the benefits obtained mentioned: improvement of the mood, sensation of corporal well-being, improvements in the communication. Conclusions: the implementation of relaxation techniques, postural alignment and breathing along with activities associated with rhythm and movement contribute to the quality of life of these patients.
Asunto(s)
Masculino , Femenino , Humanos , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Laringectomía/rehabilitación , Rehabilitación de los Trastornos del Habla y del Lenguaje/métodos , Musicoterapia , Percusión , Calidad de Vida , Terapia por Relajación , Voz Alaríngea , Voz Esofágica , Entrenamiento de la VozRESUMEN
El propósito de este trabajo es destacar la importancia que tiene la noción lacaniana de lalangue en tanto nos permite pensar en una topología del cuerpo según el psicoanálisis lacaniano. La lalangue es transitiva entre infante y madre, el cuerpo se gesta así en el transitivismo y llevará su huella. La constitución del cuerpo es sincrónica al surgimiento de lo inconsciente. De la lalangue el infante extraerá la batería significante. La lalangue es una operación y, a la vez, un producto. Ambos son indispensables para tener una voz propia. Para apoyar esta idea emplearé el método del comentario de un caso de un niño autista atendido por Sami Ali...
The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of the Lacanian notion of lalangue as it allows us to consider a topology of the body for Lacanian psychoanalysis. Lalangue is transitive between infant and mother, the body is gestated in the transitivism and takes its trace. Body constitution is synchronous to the emergence of the unconscious. The infant is going to extract the battery of signifiers from lalangue. Lalangue is an operation and, simultaneously, a product; both are indispensable to have a voice. The comment of the case of an autistic child treated by Sami Ali will support this idea...
Le but de cet article est de souligner l'importance de la notion lacanienne de "lalangue" car elle permet de penser à une typologie du corps selon la psychanalyse lacanienne. La "lalangue" étant transitive entre l'enfant et la mère, le corps est conçu dans le transitivisme et portera donc son empreinte. La constitution du corps et l'avènement de l'inconscient sont synchroniques. L'enfant extraira la batterie signifiante de la "lalangue". La "lalangue" est une opération et un produit à la fois. Les deux sont indispensables pour avoir sa propre voix. Le commentaire d'un cas d'un enfant autiste traité par Sami Ali servira de soutien à cette idée...
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Cuerpo Humano , Psicoanálisis , Voz AlaríngeaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The primary purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between pharyngoesophageal segment (PES) configuration and narrow-band spectrogram of tracheoesophageal voices. METHODS: This study included 30 total laryngectomees tracheoesophageal speakers. Patients were assessed by videofluoroscopy (VF), during deglutition and voicing, and the vowel /a/ was recorded for spectrographic analysis. The evaluation of VF recording consisted of visual perceptual rating of degree of contact between the prominence of PES and its anterior wall, defined as absent/mild (hypo contact), moderate (normo contact) and intense (hyper contact); and quantitative measures of PES: anteroposterior distance (APD) and length of the PES (lenPES); PES surface area in swallowing (areaSw), and phonation (areaPh), and the area of the air reservoir (areaAir). Visual inspection of a narrow-band spectrogram was made and four different acoustic signal typing were defined as Type I, II, III or IV. RESULTS: Type I-II is correlated with moderate contact; Type III, with intense and Type IV, with absent/mild contact. Type I-II has bigger APD and PES with lower length than Type IV. There is a correlation between bigger APD and shorter PES. CONCLUSION: The group with I-II signal typing has PES with normo contact; Type III with hyper contact and Type IV has PES with hypo contact. The best tracheoesophageal voices are achieved by PES with moderate contact of the prominence and with shorter and larger anteroposterior PES distances. What differentiates the PES with hyper contact from PES with normal one is only the degree of contact between the prominence of the PES and its anterior wall. .
OBJETIVO: Avaliar a relação entre a configuração do segmento faringoesofágico (SFE) e a espectrografia acústica nas vozes traqueoesofágicas (TE). Métodos: Participaram 30 sujeitos laringectomizados totais com fonação TE, que se submeteram à gravação da vogal /a/, para análise espectrográfica acústica, e ao exame videofluoroscópico (VF), durante a deglutição e a fonação. A análise espectrográfica foi feita pela avaliação visual do tipo do traçado e classificado como Tipo I, II, III ou IV. No exame, foi avaliado o grau de contato da proeminência do SFE com sua parede anterior, definido como ausente/leve (hipocontato), moderado (contato normal) e intenso (hipercontato); e mensurados: distância anteroposterior (DAP), comprimento do SFE (cSFE); área do reservatório de ar (área AR); área do SFE na deglutição (área DE) e na fonação (área FO). RESULTADOS: O tipo de sinal espectrográfico I-II caracteriza-se por contato normal; Tipo III, hipercontato; e Tipo IV, hipocontato. O grupo com sinal Tipo I-II apresenta DAP maior e cSFE menor do que o Tipo IV. Há correlação entre DAP maior e cSFE menor. CONCLUSÃO: Os sinais espectrográficos Tipo I e II caracterizam o SFE com contato normal; Tipo III, com hipercontato e Tipo IV, com hipocontato. SFE com contato normal, curtos e com DAP maior caracterizam as melhores vozes TE. Somente o grau de contato da proeminência do SFE com sua parede anterior diferencia SFE com contato normal de segmentos com hipercontato. .
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Laringe Artificial , Laringectomía/rehabilitación , Voz Alaríngea , Voz Esofágica , Fluoroscopía , Espectrografía del Sonido , Medición de la Producción del Habla , Fístula Traqueoesofágica , Calidad de la VozRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to determine the rates of nasalance for total laryngectomized users of a tracheoesophageal voice prosthesis and correlate them with the findings of auditory-perceptual assessment of nasality. METHODS: In this study, 25 total laryngectomized users, including 20 men and five women, with a mean age of 63 years old participated. All the participants had a tracheoesophageal voice prosthesis and underwent treatment for the rehabilitation of tracheoesophageal communication. These patients were submitted to nasalance assessment using nasometry and auditory-perceptual evaluation of nasality and were rated by trained speech therapists. RESULTS: The nasalance values obtained for nasal (59.92%) and oral (18.64%) sentences were within the normal limits for laryngeal speakers of Brazilian Portuguese language. It was possible to observe the presence of nasality in nasal sentences and its absence in oral sentences among most speakers. Specificity was found to be 100% for nasal sentences and sensitivity was 100% for oral sentences. It was not possible to calculate these values for the oral sentences. CONCLUSIONS: Total laryngectomized patients with tracheoesophageal voice prostheses have adequate vocal nasality compatible with nasometry rates. .
OBJETIVOS: Determinar os índices de nasalância de laringectomizados totais usuários de prótese traqueoesofágica e correlacioná-los com os achados da avaliação perceptivo-auditiva da nasalidade. MÉTODOS: Participaram do estudo 25 laringectomizados totais, com idade média de 63 anos, sendo 20 do gênero masculino e cinco do feminino. Todos eram usuários de prótese traqueoesofágica e realizaram terapia fonoaudiológica para reabilitação da comunicação traqueoesofágica. Os laringectomizados foram submetidos à avaliação da nasalância, utilizando a nasometria e avaliação perceptivo-auditiva da nasalidade, por julgamento de fonoaudiólogos treinados. RESULTADOS: Os valores encontrados da nasalância para as frases nasais (59,92%) e para as orais (18,64%) estão dentro da normalidade para falantes laríngeos do português brasileiro. Foi possível perceber, na maioria dos falantes, presença de nasalidade nas frases nasais e ausência nas orais. O valor do teste de especificidade foi de 100% para as frases nasais e de sensibilidade, 100% para as frases orais. CONCLUSÃO: O laringectomizado total usuário de prótese traqueoesofágica apresenta nasalidade vocal adequada, compatível com índices nasométricos. .
Asunto(s)
Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Laringectomía/efectos adversos , Voz Alaríngea , Neoplasias Laríngeas/cirugía , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Treatment of laryngeal cancer will depend on several factors, including tumor factors, patient factors, as well as the technical resource and expertise of the surgical team and treatment center. In developing countries, most patients have their diagnosis performed at advanced stages, with a significant proportion at very advanced locoregionally, which results in a limitation to the use of organ-preserving approaches. A total laryngectomy is still the most frequent treatment for larynx cancer patients. The rehabilitation in such scenarios can be more demanding and can cost more compared with developed countries. RECENT FINDINGS: For early-stage tumors, function-preserving strategies are mandatory, and can include partial laryngectomies and radiation therapy. In such cases, functional rehabilitation usually is easily achieved, with lower negative impact on the patient's daily life. For advanced tumor stages, a treatment shift toward a more conservative management has been observed. However, the success rates of organ-preserving strategies, mainly with chemoradiation approaches, will rely on a rigorous patient selection process. SUMMARY: The rehabilitation of laryngectomy patients in developing countries can be more demanding and can cost more compared with developed countries. In such scenarios, some strategies can be employed by the multidisciplinary team, mainly by the surgical and speech-pathology teams, aiming to decrease the costs involved in the rehabilitation of total laryngectomy patients in developing countries.
Asunto(s)
Laringectomía/rehabilitación , Países en Desarrollo , Esófago , Humanos , Neoplasias Laríngeas/cirugía , Neoplasias Laríngeas/terapia , Laringectomía/métodos , Laringe Artificial , Rol , América del Sur , Voz Alaríngea/métodos , Patología del Habla y Lenguaje/educaciónRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To assess the effect of a program of singing training on the voice of total laryngectomees wearing tracheoesophageal voice prosthesis, considering the quality of alaryngeal phonation, vocal extension and the musical elements of tunning and legato. METHODS: Five laryngectomees wearing tracheoesophageal voice prosthesis completed the singing training program over a period of three months, with exploration of the strengthening of the respiratory muscles and vocalization and with evaluation of perceptive-auditory and singing voice being performed before and after 12 sessions of singing therapy. RESULTS: After the program of singing voice training, the quality of tracheoesophageal voice showed improvement or the persistence of the general degree of dysphonia for the emitted vowels and for the parameters of roughness and breathiness. For the vowel "a", the pitch was displaced to grave in two participants and to acute in one, and remained adequate in the others. A similar situation was observed also for the vowel "i". After the singing program, all participants presented tunning and most of them showed a greater presence of legato. The vocal extension improved in all participants. CONCLUSION: Singing training seems to have a favorable effect on the quality of tracheoesophageal phonation and on singing voice.
Asunto(s)
Laringectomía/rehabilitación , Laringe Artificial , Canto , Logopedia/métodos , Entrenamiento de la Voz , Percepción Auditiva , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Música , Percepción de la Altura Tonal , Entrenamiento de Fuerza/métodos , Músculos Respiratorios/fisiología , Voz Alaríngea , Calidad de la VozRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To assess the effect of a program of singing training on the voice of total laryngectomees wearing tracheoesophageal voice prosthesis, considering the quality of alaryngeal phonation, vocal extension and the musical elements of tunning and legato. METHODS: Five laryngectomees wearing tracheoesophageal voice prosthesis completed the singing training program over a period of three months, with exploration of the strengthening of the respiratory muscles and vocalization and with evaluation of perceptive-auditory and singing voice being performed before and after 12 sessions of singing therapy. RESULTS: After the program of singing voice training, the quality of tracheoesophageal voice showed improvement or the persistence of the general degree of dysphonia for the emitted vowels and for the parameters of roughness and breathiness. For the vowel "a", the pitch was displaced to grave in two participants and to acute in one, and remained adequate in the others. A similar situation was observed also for the vowel "i". After the singing program, all participants presented tunning and most of them showed a greater presence of legato. The vocal extension improved in all participants. CONCLUSION: Singing training seems to have a favorable effect on the quality of tracheoesophageal phonation and on singing voice.
Asunto(s)
Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Laringe Artificial , Laringectomía/rehabilitación , Canto , Logopedia/métodos , Entrenamiento de la Voz , Percepción Auditiva , Música , Percepción de la Altura Tonal , Entrenamiento de Fuerza/métodos , Músculos Respiratorios/fisiología , Voz Alaríngea , Calidad de la VozRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to determine the rates of nasalance for total laryngectomized users of a tracheoesophageal voice prosthesis and correlate them with the findings of auditory-perceptual assessment of nasality. METHODS: In this study, 25 total laryngectomized users, including 20 men and five women, with a mean age of 63 years old participated. All the participants had a tracheoesophageal voice prosthesis and underwent treatment for the rehabilitation of tracheoesophageal communication. These patients were submitted to nasalance assessment using nasometry and auditory-perceptual evaluation of nasality and were rated by trained speech therapists. RESULTS: The nasalance values obtained for nasal (59.92%) and oral (18.64%) sentences were within the normal limits for laryngeal speakers of Brazilian Portuguese language. It was possible to observe the presence of nasality in nasal sentences and its absence in oral sentences among most speakers. Specificity was found to be 100% for nasal sentences and sensitivity was 100% for oral sentences. It was not possible to calculate these values for the oral sentences. CONCLUSIONS: Total laryngectomized patients with tracheoesophageal voice prostheses have adequate vocal nasality compatible with nasometry rates.
Asunto(s)
Laringectomía/efectos adversos , Voz Alaríngea , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias Laríngeas/cirugía , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The primary purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between pharyngoesophageal segment (PES) configuration and narrow-band spectrogram of tracheoesophageal voices. METHODS: This study included 30 total laryngectomees tracheoesophageal speakers. Patients were assessed by videofluoroscopy (VF), during deglutition and voicing, and the vowel /a/ was recorded for spectrographic analysis. The evaluation of VF recording consisted of visual perceptual rating of degree of contact between the prominence of PES and its anterior wall, defined as absent/mild (hypo contact), moderate (normo contact) and intense (hyper contact); and quantitative measures of PES: anteroposterior distance (APD) and length of the PES (lenPES); PES surface area in swallowing (areaSw), and phonation (areaPh), and the area of the air reservoir (areaAir). Visual inspection of a narrow-band spectrogram was made and four different acoustic signal typing were defined as Type I, II, III or IV. RESULTS: Type I-II is correlated with moderate contact; Type III, with intense and Type IV, with absent/mild contact. Type I-II has bigger APD and PES with lower length than Type IV. There is a correlation between bigger APD and shorter PES. CONCLUSION: The group with I-II signal typing has PES with normo contact; Type III with hyper contact and Type IV has PES with hypo contact. The best tracheoesophageal voices are achieved by PES with moderate contact of the prominence and with shorter and larger anteroposterior PES distances. What differentiates the PES with hyper contact from PES with normal one is only the degree of contact between the prominence of the PES and its anterior wall.
Asunto(s)
Laringectomía/rehabilitación , Laringe Artificial , Voz Alaríngea , Voz Esofágica , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Fluoroscopía , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Espectrografía del Sonido , Medición de la Producción del Habla , Fístula Traqueoesofágica , Calidad de la VozRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The objective of the present study was to relate the dimensions and the intraluminal pressure of the pharyngoesophageal segment (PES) to the voice and speech proficiency of total laryngectomees with a tracheoesophageal prosthesis (TEP). METHODS: Twenty total laryngectomees with secondary TEP insertion underwent evaluation of voice and speech, manometry, and videofluoroscopy. RESULTS: Most laryngectomees (65%) were moderate speakers. The poorer speakers presented a lower intraluminal pressure in the PES at rest (4.44 mmHg) and a higher value (40.46 mmHg) during phonation. Good speakers presented a significant difference in the anteroposterior distance between prominence of the PES and the posterior pharyngeal wall (PPES-PPW) in the rest (6.09 mm) to phonation (3.24 mm). CONCLUSIONS: The poorer speakers presented a lower intraluminal pressure in the PES at rest and a higher value during phonation compared with moderate speakers. Good speakers showed a significant difference in the PPES-PPW dimension.
Asunto(s)
Esófago/cirugía , Laringectomía/efectos adversos , Faringe/cirugía , Voz Alaríngea/métodos , Voz Esofágica/métodos , Tráquea/cirugía , Calidad de la Voz , Femenino , Fluoroscopía , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Manometría , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fonación , Presión , Prótesis e Implantes , HablaRESUMEN
Introdução: a laringectomia causa diversas alterações anatomofi siológicas e socioemocionais.O comprometimento da comunicação devido à perda da voz demanda um atendimento global aolaringectomizado. Objetivo: analisar a qualidade de vida em voz de pacientes laringectomizados emfonoterapia participantes de um grupo de apoio. Método: participaram da pesquisa 16 laringectomizadostotais do Grupo de Apoio ao Laringectomizado localizado no Hospital Santa Rita do Complexo HospitalarSanta Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre. Foram aplicados o Protocolo de Levantamento de Dados deLaringectomizados de um Grupo de Apoio para caracterização dos sujeitos da pesquisa, e o Protocolode Qualidade de Vida em Voz para análise da autopercepção vocal dos sujeitos laringectomizados.Resultados: no Protocolo de Levantamentos de Dados de Laringectomizados de um Grupo de Apoio, osignifi cado do grupo foi assinalado com maior freqüência (30%) como Apoio, enquanto nas escalas,atribuiu-se com maior freqüência nota 10 (68,8%) para a importância dos exercícios fonoaudiológicose 8 (37,5%) para a autopercepção de qualidade de vida dos sujeitos laringectomizados. Os resultadosdo Protocolo de Qualidade de Vida em Voz, domínio físico e socioemocional, apresentaram média 66,66e 73,04, respectivamente. Conclusão: os laringectomizados do grupo de apoio apresentaram maiordesconforto no Domínio Físico, o que parece afetar diretamente a qualidade de vida. Apresentaramtambém respostas satisfatórias referentes ao trabalho fonoaudiológico e ao papel do grupo na reabilitaçãofísica e socioemocional pós-laringectomia, revelando que o trabalho realizado em grupo tem grandeinfl uência na recuperação da qualidade de vida.(AU)
Introduction: laryngectomy causes several anatomical, physiological and socio-emotional changes.Impaired due to loss of voice demands a global service to the laryngectomy. Objective: to analyze thequality of life and voice of laryngectomized in speech therapy for a support group. Method: the survey of 16 laryngectomized Support Group located at the Santa Casa Hospital in Porto Alegre. We usedthe Protocol Survey Data Laryngectomized a Support Group for the characterization of the researchsubjects, and Life Quality Protocol for Voice self-perception analysis of laryngectomized. Results: inthe Protocol Survey Data of Laringectomized of a Support Group the question of the meaning of thegroup had support more often (56.3%), while the scales of importance of speech therapy exercisesand self-perceived of qualitys life had more often 10 (68.8%) and 8 (37.5%) respectively. The resultsof the Protocol Voice Quality of life had an average 66.66 in the physical domain, and 73.04 in thesocio-emotional domain. Conclusion: the laryngectomy support group showed greater discomfort inthe physical domain, which affects the quality of life. They also showed satisfactory answers regardingthe work and role of the speech group physical rehabilitation and socio-emotional post laryngectomy,revealing that the group has great infl uence on the recovery of lifes quality.(AU)
Introducción: la laringectomía causa varios cámbios anatomofi siológicos y socioemocionales. Eldeterioro de la comunicación debido a la pérdida de la voz exige un atendimiento global al pacientelaringectomizado. Objetivo: analizar la calidad de vida y de voz en pacientes laringectomizados enfonoterapia participantes de un grupo de apoyo. Método: participaron del estudio 16 laringectomizadostotales del Grupo de Apoyo al Laringectomizado ubicado en el Hospital Santa Rita del ComplejoHospitalario Santa Casa de Misericordia de Porto Alegre. Fueron utilizados el Protocolo de Recolecciónde Datos de Laringectomizados de un Grupo de Apoyo para caracterizar los sujetos investigados y elProtocolo de Calidad de Vida y Voz para analizar la autopercepción vocal de los sujetos laringectomizados.Resultados: en el Protocolo de Recolección de Datos de Laringectomizados de un Grupo de Apoyo elsignifi cado del grupo fue señalado con mayor frecuencia (30%) como Apoyo mientras el las escalasse atribuyó con mayor frecuencia nota 10 (68,8%) a la importancia de los ejercicios fonoaudiológicosy 8 (37,5%) para la auto-percepción de calidad de vida de los sujetos laringectomizados. Los resultadosdel Protocolo de Calidad de Vida y Voz, dominio físico y socioemocional presentaron media de 66,66y 73,04 respectivamente. Conclusión: los laringectomizados del grupo de apoyo presentaron mayormalestar en el Dominio Físico, lo que parece afectar directamente la calidad de vida. Presentarontambién respuestas satisfactorias con respecto al trabajo fonoaudiológico y la función del grupo en larehabilitación física y socioemocional después de la laringectomía, revelando que el trabajo realizadoen grupo tiene grande infl uencia en la recuperación de la calidad de vida.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Neoplasias Laríngeas , Calidad de Vida , Neoplasias Laríngeas/rehabilitación , Voz Alaríngea , Voz EsofágicaRESUMEN
Introdução: a laringectomia causa diversas alterações anatomofi siológicas e socioemocionais.O comprometimento da comunicação devido à perda da voz demanda um atendimento global aolaringectomizado. Objetivo: analisar a qualidade de vida em voz de pacientes laringectomizados emfonoterapia participantes de um grupo de apoio. Método: participaram da pesquisa 16 laringectomizadostotais do Grupo de Apoio ao Laringectomizado localizado no Hospital Santa Rita do Complexo HospitalarSanta Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre. Foram aplicados o Protocolo de Levantamento de Dados deLaringectomizados de um Grupo de Apoio para caracterização dos sujeitos da pesquisa, e o Protocolode Qualidade de Vida em Voz para análise da autopercepção vocal dos sujeitos laringectomizados.Resultados: no Protocolo de Levantamentos de Dados de Laringectomizados de um Grupo de Apoio, osignifi cado do grupo foi assinalado com maior freqüência (30) como Apoio, enquanto nas escalas,atribuiu-se com maior freqüência nota 10 (68,8) para a importância dos exercícios fonoaudiológicose 8 (37,5) para a autopercepção de qualidade de vida dos sujeitos laringectomizados. Os resultadosdo Protocolo de Qualidade de Vida em Voz, domínio físico e socioemocional, apresentaram média 66,66e 73,04, respectivamente. Conclusão: os laringectomizados do grupo de apoio apresentaram maiordesconforto no Domínio Físico, o que parece afetar diretamente a qualidade de vida. Apresentaramtambém respostas satisfatórias referentes ao trabalho fonoaudiológico e ao papel do grupo na reabilitaçãofísica e socioemocional pós-laringectomia, revelando que o trabalho realizado em grupo tem grandeinfl uência na recuperação da qualidade de vida.
Introduction: laryngectomy causes several anatomical, physiological and socio-emotional changes.Impaired due to loss of voice demands a global service to the laryngectomy. Objective: to analyze thequality of life and voice of laryngectomized in speech therapy for a support group. Method: the survey of 16 laryngectomized Support Group located at the Santa Casa Hospital in Porto Alegre. We usedthe Protocol Survey Data Laryngectomized a Support Group for the characterization of the researchsubjects, and Life Quality Protocol for Voice self-perception analysis of laryngectomized. Results: inthe Protocol Survey Data of Laringectomized of a Support Group the question of the meaning of thegroup had support more often (56.3), while the scales of importance of speech therapy exercisesand self-perceived of qualitys life had more often 10 (68.8) and 8 (37.5) respectively. The resultsof the Protocol Voice Quality of life had an average 66.66 in the physical domain, and 73.04 in thesocio-emotional domain. Conclusion: the laryngectomy support group showed greater discomfort inthe physical domain, which affects the quality of life. They also showed satisfactory answers regardingthe work and role of the speech group physical rehabilitation and socio-emotional post laryngectomy,revealing that the group has great infl uence on the recovery of lifes quality.
Introducción: la laringectomía causa varios cámbios anatomofi siológicos y socioemocionales. Eldeterioro de la comunicación debido a la pérdida de la voz exige un atendimiento global al pacientelaringectomizado. Objetivo: analizar la calidad de vida y de voz en pacientes laringectomizados enfonoterapia participantes de un grupo de apoyo. Método: participaron del estudio 16 laringectomizadostotales del Grupo de Apoyo al Laringectomizado ubicado en el Hospital Santa Rita del ComplejoHospitalario Santa Casa de Misericordia de Porto Alegre. Fueron utilizados el Protocolo de Recolecciónde Datos de Laringectomizados de un Grupo de Apoyo para caracterizar los sujetos investigados y elProtocolo de Calidad de Vida y Voz para analizar la autopercepción vocal de los sujetos laringectomizados.Resultados: en el Protocolo de Recolección de Datos de Laringectomizados de un Grupo de Apoyo elsignifi cado del grupo fue señalado con mayor frecuencia (30) como Apoyo mientras el las escalasse atribuyó con mayor frecuencia nota 10 (68,8) a la importancia de los ejercicios fonoaudiológicosy 8 (37,5) para la auto-percepción de calidad de vida de los sujetos laringectomizados. Los resultadosdel Protocolo de Calidad de Vida y Voz, dominio físico y socioemocional presentaron media de 66,66y 73,04 respectivamente. Conclusión: los laringectomizados del grupo de apoyo presentaron mayormalestar en el Dominio Físico, lo que parece afectar directamente la calidad de vida. Presentarontambién respuestas satisfactorias con respecto al trabajo fonoaudiológico y la función del grupo en larehabilitación física y socioemocional después de la laringectomía, revelando que el trabajo realizadoen grupo tiene grande infl uencia en la recuperación de la calidad de vida.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Neoplasias Laríngeas , Neoplasias Laríngeas/rehabilitación , Calidad de Vida , Voz Alaríngea , Voz EsofágicaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: The objective of the present study was to evaluate intraluminal esophageal pressure during voice and speech emission in speaking laryngectomees with a tracheoesophageal prosthesis. METHODS: In our prospective analysis in a tertiary-care academic hospital, 25 laryngectomees were divided into 2 groups: 11 speaking individuals with a tracheoesophageal prosthesis and a control group of 14 nonspeaking laryngectomees. All patients were subjected to manometry during voice and speech emission tests. We determined the pressures achieved in the distal, middle, and proximal parts of the esophagus. RESULTS: Statistical analysis revealed that the amplitude of pressure in the distal esophagus during sound emission was higher in speaking laryngectomees; in the middle esophagus, intraluminal pressure during emission of the sentence was higher in speaking subjects, and in the proximal esophagus there was no difference between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: During the manometric evaluation of the distal and middle esophagus in the presence of voice and speech emission, the intraluminal pressure revealed a significant difference for the speaking laryngectomees with a tracheoesophageal prosthesis. The proximal esophagus behaved similarly in the groups of speakers and nonspeakers. Speaking laryngectomees with a tracheoesophageal prosthesis depend on a differentiated performance of the middle and distal parts of the esophagus.
Asunto(s)
Esófago/fisiopatología , Laringectomía , Laringe Artificial , Voz Alaríngea , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Manometría , Persona de Mediana Edad , PresiónRESUMEN
UNLABELLED: Tracheotomy is performed in cases of upper airway obstruction or chronic pulmonary disorders. The Tracheotomy Speech Valves (TSV) improve communication and airway hygiene and humidification of tracheotomized patients. AIM: To show the low cost Brazilian TSV and its use in speech rehabilitation of tracheotomized patients, to evaluate diaphragm opening resistance and comfort to the patient. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental, contemporary cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The TSV was used in 32 patients. The valve has a diaphragm within a stainless steel body with plastic fittings. We studied the level of respiratory comfort according to the degree of valve diaphragm resistance, 40, 50 and 60 shores. RESULTS: All the patients used the TSV coupled to the cannula in a regular basis, 26 of them did it for more than 12 hours daily and from these, 14 used it for 24h daily. The diaphragm pressure obtained was that of 40 shores for 13 patients and 50 shores for 19 patients. 60 shores was never used. CONCLUSION: the metal TSV helps with speech without the need for closing the cannula with one's finger, and breathing was comfortable. We achieved standard diaphragm resistance. Currently all the patients from this study use this TSV with speech and 43.75% use it full time.
Asunto(s)
Voz Alaríngea/instrumentación , Traqueostomía/instrumentación , Calidad de la Voz , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil , Niño , Preescolar , Estudios de Cohortes , Diseño de Equipo , Humanos , Ensayo de Materiales , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
A traqueotomia está indicada em condições com obstrução respiratória alta ou doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica. As Válvulas Fonatórias (VF) melhoram a comunicação, higienização e umidificação das vias aéreas dos pacientes traqueotomizados. OBJETIVO: Demonstrar a VF nacional, de menor custo, e sua utilização na reabilitação fonatória desses pacientes, avaliar resistência de abertura pelo diafragma, o que confere melhor conforto ao paciente. Forma de Estudo: Experimental, coorte contemporâneo. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: A VF foi utilizada em 32 pacientes. A válvula tem diafragma dentro de um corpo em aço inox com encaixes de plástico. Estudou-se grau de conforto respiratório de acordo com a resistência do diafragma da válvula, 40, 50 e 60 shores. RESULTADOS: Obteve-se uso regular da VF acoplada à cânula por todos os pacientes, 26 o fizeram por mais de 12h diárias e destes 14 por 24h diárias. A pressão do diafragma obtida foi de 40 shores para 13 pacientes e 50 shores para 19 pacientes, sem utilização de 60 shores. CONCLUSÃO: A VF metálica permite fonação, sem a oclusão digital da cânula, e respiração sob conforto. Obteve-se resistência padronizada do diafragma. Atualmente todos os pacientes do estudo utilizam estas VF com fonação e 43,75% período integral.
Tracheotomy is performed in cases of upper airway obstruction or chronic pulmonary disorders. The Tracheotomy Speech Valves (TSV) improve communication and airway hygiene and humidification of tracheotomized patients. AIM: To show the low cost Brazilian TSV and its use in speech rehabilitation of tracheotomized patients, to evaluate diaphragm opening resistance and comfort to the patient. Study Design: Experimental, contemporary cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The TSV was used in 32 patients. The valve has a diaphragm within a stainless steel body with plastic fittings. We studied the level of respiratory comfort according to the degree of valve diaphragm resistance, 40, 50 and 60 shores. RESULTS: All the patients used the TSV coupled to the cannula in a regular basis, 26 of them did it for more than 12 hours daily and from these, 14 used it for 24h daily. The diaphragm pressure obtained was that of 40 shores for 13 patients and 50 shores for 19 patients. 60 shores was never used. CONCLUSION: the metal TSV helps with speech without the need for closing the cannula with one's finger, and breathing was comfortable. We achieved standard diaphragm resistance. Currently all the patients from this study use this TSV with speech and 43.75% use it full time.
Asunto(s)
Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Preescolar , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven , Voz Alaríngea/instrumentación , Traqueostomía/instrumentación , Calidad de la Voz , Brasil , Estudios de Cohortes , Diseño de Equipo , Ensayo de Materiales , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: total laryngectomy has several consequences such as loss of the laryngeal voice and alterations in the respiratory system. AIM: to evaluate the influence of a tracheostoma humidifier (heat moisture exchanger - HME) on the control of lung secretion and esophageal and tracheoesophageal vocal quality in patients with total laryngectomy. METHOD: nine male individuals, aged between 46 to 67 years, submitted to total laryngectomy. The patients answered a protocol containing subjective questions related to lung secretion in three different moments: T1 (pre-use assessment of the HME), T2 (pre-use assessment of the HME six weeks after the first assessment) and T3 (assessment six weeks after the use of the HME). Voice samples were recorded during these 3 different assessments and were evaluated by three speech-language pathologists, in a blind study format, according to a perceptual auditory vocal analysis protocol. The non-parametric test of Wilcoxon was used to compare results of both protocols. RESULTS: no significant differences were observed for tracheoesophageal and esophageal vocal quality in the three different moments of assessment: T1 (pre-use assessment of the HME), T2 (pre-use assessment of the HME six weeks after the first assessment) and T3 (assessment six weeks after the use of the HME). On the other hand, there were significant differences, after the period of the HME use, regarding occurrence of cough and forced expectoration during the day time. CONCLUSION: The use of the HME during the period of six weeks reduced cough and expectoration of patients with total laryngectomy. However, the use of the humidifier did not have any influence on the tracheoesophageal and esophageal vocal quality of these patients.
Asunto(s)
Laringectomía , Trastornos Respiratorios/terapia , Terapia Respiratoria/métodos , Voz Alaríngea/métodos , Calidad de la Voz/fisiología , Anciano , Humanos , Humedad , Laringectomía/efectos adversos , Laringectomía/rehabilitación , Pulmón/metabolismo , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fonación/fisiología , Respiración , Trastornos Respiratorios/etiología , Terapia Respiratoria/instrumentación , Inteligibilidad del Habla , Voz Alaríngea/instrumentación , Voz Esofágica/instrumentación , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Factores de Tiempo , Tráquea/fisiologíaRESUMEN
TEMA: a laringectomia total acarreta sequelas como a perda da voz laríngea e alteração no sistema respiratório. OBJETIVOS: avaliar a influência do uso do umidificador de traqueostoma (heat moisture exchanger - HME) no controle da secreção pulmonar e na qualidade vocal esofágica e traqueoesofágica de pacientes submetidos à laringectomia total. MÉTODO: nove pacientes do sexo masculino, com idades entre 46 a 67 anos, submetidos à laringectomia total. Os pacientes responderam a um protocolo sobre questões subjetivas relacionadas à secreção pulmonar em três momentos, sendo T1 (avaliação pré-uso do HME), T2 (avaliação pré-uso do HME após seis semanas da primeira avaliação) e T3 (avaliação após seis semanas do uso do HME). Conjuntamente foram feitas gravações das vozes dos pacientes nos mesmos três momentos citados acima. As vozes foram avaliadas por três fonoaudiólogas, em estudo cego, de acordo com um protocolo de avaliação perceptivo-auditiva da voz. Para comparar os resultados obtidos em ambos os protocolos aplicados foram utilizados teste não-paramétrico e Wilcoxon. RESULTADOS: não foi observada nenhuma diferença estatisticamente significativa dos parâmetros de qualidade vocal esofágica ou traqueoesofágica entre os tempos T1 (avaliação pré-uso do HME) e T2 (avaliação pré-uso do HME pós seis semanas) e T3 (avaliação após seis semanas do uso do HME). Verificaram-se diferenças estatisticamente significativas para as variáveis de quantidade de tosse e expectoração forçada, durante o dia, após o período de uso do HME. CONCLUSÃO: O uso do HME durante seis semanas diminuiu a tosse e a expectoração em pacientes laringectomizados totais, porém não apresentou influência na qualidade vocal esofágica ou traqueoesofágica.
BACKGROUND: total laryngectomy has several consequences such as loss of the laryngeal voice and alterations in the respiratory system. AIM: to evaluate the influence of a traqcheostoma humidifier (heat moisture exchanger - HME) on the control of lung secretion and esophageal and traqueoesophageal vocal quality in patients with total laryngectomy. METHOD: nine male individuals, aged between 46 to 67 years, submitted to total laryngectomy. The patients answered a protocol containing subjective questions related to lung secretion in three different moments: T1 (pre-use assessment of the HME), T2 (pre-use assessment of the HME six weeks after the first assessment) and T3 (assessment six weeks after the use of the HME). Voice samples were recorded during these 3 different assessments and were evaluated by three speech-language pathologists, in a blind study format, according to a perceptual auditory vocal analysis protocol. The non-parametric test of Wilcoxon was used to compare results of both protocols. RESULTS: no significant differences were observed for traqueoesophageal and esophageal vocal quality in the three different moments of assessment: T1 (pre-use assessment of the HME), T2 (pre-use assessment of the HME six weeks after the first assessment) and T3 (assessment six weeks after the use of the HME). On the other hand, there were significant differences, after the period of the HME use, regarding occurrence of cough and forced expectoration during the day time. CONCLUSION: The use of the HME during the period of six weeks reduced cough and expectoration of patients with total laryngectomy. However, the use of the humidifier did not have any influence on the traqueoesophageal and esophageal vocal quality of these patients.