RESUMEN
A varíola bovina (VB) é uma dermatite zoonótica que feta bovinos, roedores, cães, gatos e humanos, causada pelo vírus da vaccínia (VACV), pertencente ao gênero Orthopxvirus.Este estudo visa estabelecer o perfil epidemiológico da VB em Goiás, com o propósito de orientar profissionais de saúde e trabalhadores rurais sobre a doença e foi desenvolvido baseado no banco de dados do Sistema de Agravos e Notificação (SINAN-NET), do Gerenciador de Ambiente Laboratorial (GAL), dados fornecidos pela Agência Goiana de Defesa Agropecuária (AGRODEFESA) e da Coordenação Estadual de Zoonoses da Gerência de Vigilância Epidemiológica Transmissíveis da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de Goiás. Tem caráter quantitativo, descritivo e retrospectivo.
Cowpox (BV) is a zoonotic dermatitis that affects cattle, rodents, dogs, cats and humans, caused by the vaccinia virus (VACV), belonging to the genus Orthopxvirus. This study aims to establish the epidemiological profile of BV in Goiás, with the purpose of guiding health professionals and rural workers about the disease and was developed based on the database of the Diseases and Notification System (SINAN-NET), the Laboratory Environment Manager (GAL), data provided by the Goiana Agricultural Defense Agency ( AGRODEFESA) and the State Coordination of Zoonoses of the Transmissible Epidemiological Surveillance Management of the State Department of Health of Goiás. It has a quantitative, descriptive and retrospective nature
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Recién Nacido , Lactante , Preescolar , Niño , Adolescente , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Viruela Vacuna/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Cowpox virus (CPXV) infection is a reportable and potentially zoonotic disease that occurs sporadically in a variety of animals. During the past six decades, CPXV infection has been extensively researched and described in both domestic (cat, dog, horse, cattle) and zoo animals (e. g. elephant, rhinoceros, okapi). Of note, a review of the literature produced only three reports of CPXV in individual or small groups of South American camelids. The goal of this review was to describe the current knowledge as it relates to clinical features of CPXV infection in South American camelids and to compare the clinical manifestations with those described in other animal species. In alpacas and llamas, virus transmission occurs via direct contact with infected animals or oronasal infection through microlesions in the skin and mucous membranes. In its mild form, the disease is limited to certain regions of the body (head, neck, extremities or perineal region) and characterised by pustules or crusts. CPXV infection can also cause generalised and frequently lethal disease with multifocal to diffuse skin lesions (papules, pustules, crusts, ulcers) accompanied by virus replication in other organs. Conjunctivitis, stomatitis and rhinitis are seen commonly together with nonspecific clinical signs, including anorexia, listlessness and fever. As in other poxvirus infections, factors leading to an immunosuppression may contribute to the development of the clinical ma -nifestation of CPXV infection. There appear to be no specific manifestations of CPXV infection in South American camelids. More research is needed to fully understand the pathogenesis and epidemio logy of CPXV infection, particularly in South American camelids.
Asunto(s)
Camélidos del Nuevo Mundo/virología , Virus de la Viruela Vacuna/aislamiento & purificación , Viruela Vacuna/veterinaria , Animales , Viruela Vacuna/diagnóstico , Viruela Vacuna/epidemiología , Viruela Vacuna/virología , Piel/patología , Piel/virología , América del SurRESUMEN
Vaccinia virus (VACV) has had an important role for humanity because of its use during the smallpox eradication campaign. VACV is the etiologic agent of the bovine vaccinia (BV), an emerging zoonosis that has been associated with economic, social, veterinary and public health problems, mainly in Brazil and India. Despite the current and historical VACV importance, there is little information about its circulation, prevalence, origins and maintenance in the environment, natural reservoirs and diversity. Brazilian VACV (VACV-BR) are grouped into at least two groups based on genetic and biological diversity: group 1 (G1) and group 2 (G2). In this study, we went to the field and investigated VACV clonal diversity directly from exanthemous lesions, during BV outbreaks. Our results demonstrate that the G1 VACV-BR were more frequently isolated. Furthermore, we were able to co-detect the two variants (G1 and G2) in the same sample. Molecular and biological analysis corroborated previous reports and confirmed the co-circulation of two VACV-BR lineages. The detected G2 clones presented exclusive genetic and biological markers, distinct to reference isolates, including VACV-Western Reserve. Two clones presented a mosaic profile, with both G1 and G2 features based on the molecular analysis of A56R, A26L and C23L genes. Indeed, some SNPs and INDELs in A56R nucleotide sequences were observed among clones of the same virus population, maybe as a result of an increased mutation rate in a mixed population. These results provide information about the diversity profile in VACV populations, highlighting its importance to VACV evolution and maintenance in the environment.
Asunto(s)
Viruela Vacuna/virología , Variación Genética , Virus Vaccinia/clasificación , Virus Vaccinia/genética , Animales , Peso Corporal , Brasil/epidemiología , Bovinos , Viruela Vacuna/epidemiología , Viruela Vacuna/patología , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Genotipo , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Epidemiología Molecular , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Homología de Secuencia , Virus Vaccinia/aislamiento & purificación , VirulenciaRESUMEN
A new outbreak of Vaccinia virus was observed in Southwest region of São Paulo State, Brazil. The disease was observed in four small dairy farms with manual milking. Lesions were detected in cattle and in humans previously vaccinated and not vaccinated against smallpox. Although several reports of Vaccinia virus outbreaks have been occurring in Brazil, it was not yet reported in this region. This outbreak reinforces the viral circulation in our country. The disease in persons previously vaccinated and not vaccinated against smallpox reinforces the absence of immunity, the risk to the human health, and the need for more epidemiologic and immunologic studies.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Bovinos/epidemiología , Viruela Vacuna/epidemiología , Virus Vaccinia/aislamiento & purificación , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Brasil/epidemiología , Bovinos , Chlorocebus aethiops , Viruela Vacuna/veterinaria , Efecto Citopatogénico Viral , Cartilla de ADN , ADN Viral/genética , Brotes de Enfermedades , Humanos , Microscopía Electrónica , Exposición Profesional , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Virus Vaccinia/clasificación , Virus Vaccinia/genética , Virus Vaccinia/patogenicidad , Virus Vaccinia/ultraestructura , Células VeroRESUMEN
Relata-se um surto de doença exantemática, caracterizada como varíola bovina, acometendo bovinos e seres humanos na Zona da Mata Mineira. Setenta e duas propriedades, distribuídas em 20 municípios localizados na região, foram visitadas para se levantar os aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos da doença. Detectaram-se 1020 vacas doentes durante a investigação, quando houve queda na produção do leite associada a infecções bacterianas secundárias. Casos humanos foram registrados em 83 por cento das propriedades visitadas. Espécimes clínicos e amostras de soro foram coletados dos animais doentes ou convalescentes. O diagnóstico de laboratório mostrou o envolvimento de um ortopoxvírus, precisamente o Vaccinia virus como agente etiológico do surto.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Animales , Bovinos , Viruela Vacuna/epidemiología , Virus Vaccinia/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
Relata-se um surto de doença exantemática, caracterizada como varíola bovina, acometendo bovinos e seres humanos na Zona da Mata Mineira. Setenta e duas propriedades, distribuídas em 20 municípios localizados na região, foram visitadas para se levantar os aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos da doença. Detectaram-se 1020 vacas doentes durante a investigação, quando houve queda na produção do leite associada a infecções bacterianas secundárias. Casos humanos foram registrados em 83% das propriedades visitadas. Espécimes clínicos e amostras de soro foram coletados dos animais doentes ou convalescentes. O diagnóstico de laboratório mostrou o envolvimento de um ortopoxvírus, precisamente o Vaccinia virus como agente etiológico do surto.(AU)
It was investigated an outbreak of exantemal disease in human and cattle in Zona da Mata region, Minas Gerais's State, Brazil. Seventy two farms located in 20 counties locating in this region were visited and disease pattern was studied. 1020 cows got sick in the visited herds and in 83% of them human cases occurred together with disease in animals. Drop in milk production and secondary infection were frequently observed. The disease occurred mainly from may to September. Serum and scars from sick and convalescent animals were collected and laboratory diagnostic showed that an orthopoxvirus, more precisely vaccinia virus was involved in the outbreak.(AU)