RESUMEN
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and myocardial infarction (MI) are two major health burdens with significant prevalence and mortality. This study aimed to explore the co-expressed genes to understand the relationship between NAFLD and MI and identify potential crucial biomarkers of NAFLD-related MI using bioinformatics and machine learning. Functional enrichment analysis was conducted, a co-protein-protein interaction (PPI) network diagram was constructed, and support vector machine-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) techniques were employed to identify one differentially expressed gene (DEG), Thrombospondin 1 (THBS1). THBS1 demonstrated strong performance in distinguishing NAFLD patients (AUC = 0.981) and MI patients (AUC = 0.900). Immuno-infiltration analysis revealed significantly lower CD8+ T cells and higher neutrophil levels in patients with NAFLD and MI. CD8+ T cells and neutrophils were effective in distinguishing NAFLD/MI from healthy controls. Correlation analysis showed that THBS1 was positively correlated with CCR (chemokine receptor), MHC class (major histocompatibility complex class), neutrophils, parainflammation, and Tfh (follicular helper T cells), and negatively correlated with CD8+ T cells, cytolytic activity, and TIL (tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes) in NAFLD and MI patients. THBS1 emerged as a novel biomarker for diagnosing NAFLD/MI in comparison to healthy controls. The results indicate that CD8+ T cells and neutrophils could serve as inflammatory immune features for differentiating patients with NAFLD/MI from healthy individuals.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico , Trombospondina 1 , Humanos , Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico/inmunología , Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico/genética , Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico/metabolismo , Trombospondina 1/genética , Trombospondina 1/metabolismo , Infarto del Miocardio/inmunología , Infarto del Miocardio/metabolismo , Infarto del Miocardio/genética , Máquina de Vectores de Soporte , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Biomarcadores/análisisRESUMEN
Thrombospondins (TSPs) are astrocyte-secreted extracellular matrix proteins that play key roles as regulators of synaptogenesis in the central nervous system. We previously showed that TSP1/2 are upregulated in the partial neocortical isolation model ("undercut" or "UC" below) of posttraumatic epileptogenesis and may contribute to abnormal axonal sprouting, aberrant synaptogenesis and epileptiform discharges in the UC cortex. These results led to the hypothesis that posttraumatic epileptogeneis would be reduced in TSP1/2 knockout (TSP1/2 KO) mice. To test the hypothesis, we made UC lesions at P21, and subsequent experiments were conducted 14d later at P35. Ex vivo extracellular single or multi-electrode field potential recordings were obtained from layer V in cortical slices at P35 and in vivo video-EEGs of spontaneous epileptiform bursts were recorded to examine the effect of TSP1/2 deletion on epileptogenesis following cortical injury. Immunohistochemical experiments were performed to assess the effect of TSP1/2 KO + UC on the number of putative excitatory synapses and the expression of TSP4 and HEVIN, other astrocytic proteins known to up-regulate excitatory synapse formation. Unexpectedly, our results showed that, compared with WT + UC mice, TSP1/2 KO + UC mice displayed increased epileptiform activity, as indicated by 1) increased incidence and more rapid propagation of evoked and spontaneous epileptiform discharges in UC neocortical slices; 2) increased occurrence of spontaneous epileptiform discharges in vivo. There was an associated increase in the density of VLUT1/PSD95-IR colocalizations (putative excitatory synapses) and significantly upregulated TSP4- and HEVIN-IR in TSP1/2 KO + UC versus WT + UC mice. Results suggest that TSP1/2 deletion plays a potential epileptogenic role following neocortical injury, associated with compensatory upregulation of TSP4 and HEVIN, which may contribute to the increase in the density of excitatory synapses and resulting neural network hyperexcitability.
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Ratones Noqueados , Trombospondina 1 , Trombospondinas , Animales , Trombospondinas/genética , Trombospondinas/metabolismo , Trombospondina 1/genética , Trombospondina 1/metabolismo , Ratones , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Corteza Cerebral/metabolismo , Corteza Cerebral/fisiopatología , Epilepsia/genética , Epilepsia/fisiopatología , Epilepsia/metabolismo , Sinapsis/metabolismo , Electroencefalografía , Neocórtex/metabolismo , Neocórtex/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrosis is associated with the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). This study aims to discuss the function of circ_0079480 in atrial fibrosis and its underlying mechanism. METHODS: In vitro and in vivo models of atrial fibrosis were established by using angiotensin II (Ang II) to treat human atrial fibroblasts (HAFs) and C57/B6J mice. qRT-PCR and western blot were used to examine the mRNA and protein expression levels. CCK-8, EdU, cell strach, and transwell assays were performed to determine the proliferation and migration of HAFs. Dual-luciferase reporter and RIP/RNA pull-down assays were explored to identify the interaction of miR-338-3p and circ_0079480/THBS1. HE and Masson's trichrome staining experiments were performed to analyze the histopathological change in mice atrial tissues. RESULTS: Circ_0079480 expression was increased in AF patients' atrial tissues and Ang II-treated HAFs. Silencing circ_0079480 inhibited cell proliferation and migration and reduced fibrosis-associated gene expression in Ang II-treated HAFs. Circ_0079480 could target miR-338-3p to repress its expression. MiR-338-3p inhibitor blocked the inhibitory effects of circ_0079480 knockdown on HAFs proliferation, migration, and fibrosis. Thrombospondin-1 (THBS1) was confirmed as a downstream target of miR-338-3p, and circ_0079480 could sponge miR-338-3p to upregulate THBS1 expression. Moreover, silencing THBS1 suppressed Ang II-induced proliferation, migration, and fibrosis in HAFs. More importantly, depletion of circ_0079480 inactivated the THBS1/TGF-ß1/Smad3 signaling by upregulating miR-338-3p. Mice experiments also confirmed the suppression of circ_0079480 knockdown on atrial fibrosis. CONCLUSION: Circ_0079480 acts as a sponge of miR-338-3p to upregulate THBS1 expression and activate the TGF-ß1/Smad3 signaling, finally promoting Ang II-induced atrial fibrosis.
Asunto(s)
Fibrilación Atrial , Movimiento Celular , Proliferación Celular , Fibroblastos , Fibrosis , Atrios Cardíacos , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , MicroARNs , ARN Circular , Transducción de Señal , Proteína smad3 , Trombospondina 1 , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta1 , Fibrilación Atrial/genética , Fibrilación Atrial/metabolismo , Fibrilación Atrial/patología , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Animales , Proteína smad3/metabolismo , Proteína smad3/genética , Ratones , Proliferación Celular/fisiología , Humanos , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta1/metabolismo , Trombospondina 1/genética , Trombospondina 1/metabolismo , Trombospondina 1/biosíntesis , Movimiento Celular/fisiología , ARN Circular/genética , ARN Circular/metabolismo , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Fibroblastos/patología , Atrios Cardíacos/patología , Atrios Cardíacos/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal/fisiología , Masculino , Células CultivadasRESUMEN
Although doxorubicin (DOX) is a common chemotherapeutic drug, the serious nephrotoxicity caused by DOX-induced renal fibrosis remains a considerable clinical problem. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), a compound extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, has been reported to have an anti-fibrotic effect. Therefore, this study investigated the molecular pathway whereby Tan IIA protects the kidneys from DOX administration. DOX (3 mg/kg body weight) was intraperitoneally administered every 3 d for a total of 7 injections (cumulative dose of 21 mg/kg) to induce nephrotoxicity. Then, Tan IIA (5 or 10 mg/kg/d) was administered by intraperitoneal injection for 28 d. In an in vitro study, 293 T cells were cultured and treated with DOX and Tan IIA for 24 h. Tan IIA reduced the blood urea nitrogen levels elevated by DOX while increasing superoxide dismutase activity, down-regulating reactive oxygen species, ameliorating renal-tubule thickening, and rescuing mitochondrial morphology. Additionally, Tan IIA reduced the renal collagen deposition, increased ATP production and complex-I activity, down-regulated transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1) and thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), and up-regulated sirtuin 3 (SIRT3). Tan IIA significantly increased cell viability. Additionally, RNA interference was employed to silence the expression of SIRT3, which eliminated the effect of Tan IIA in suppressing the expression of TGF-ß1 and TSP-1. In conclusion, Tan IIA ameliorated DOX-induced nephrotoxicity by attenuating oxidative injury and fibrosis. The Tan IIA-induced rescue of mitochondrial morphology and function while alleviating renal fibrosis may be associated with the activation of SIRT3 to suppress the TGF-ß/TSP-1 pathway.
Asunto(s)
Abietanos , Fibrosis , Riñón , Estrés Oxidativo , Transducción de Señal , Sirtuina 3 , Trombospondina 1 , Abietanos/farmacología , Abietanos/uso terapéutico , Animales , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Sirtuina 3/metabolismo , Humanos , Trombospondina 1/metabolismo , Masculino , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Riñón/patología , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Riñón/metabolismo , Doxorrubicina , Enfermedades Renales/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades Renales/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades Renales/metabolismo , Enfermedades Renales/patología , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta1/metabolismo , Células HEK293 , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta/metabolismo , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , RatonesRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer (OC) remains one of the most challenging and deadly malignancies facing women today. While PARP inhibitors (PARPis) have transformed the treatment landscape for women with advanced OC, many patients will relapse and the PARPi-resistant setting is an area of unmet medical need. Traditional immunotherapies targeting PD-1/PD-L1 have failed to show any benefit in OC. The CD47/TSP-1 axis may be relevant in OC. We aimed to describe changes in CD47 expression with platinum therapy and their relationship with immune features and prognosis. METHODS: Tumor and blood samples collected from OC patients in the CHIVA trial were assessed for CD47 and TSP-1 before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and multiplex analysis was used to investigate immune markers. Considering the therapeutic relevance of targeting the CD47/TSP-1 axis, we used the CD47-derived TAX2 peptide to selectively antagonize it in a preclinical model of aggressive ovarian carcinoma. RESULTS: Significant reductions in CD47 expression were observed post NACT. Tumor patients having the highest CD47 expression profile at baseline showed the greatest CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell influx post NACT and displayed a better prognosis. In addition, TSP-1 plasma levels decreased significantly under NACT, and high TSP-1 was associated with a worse prognosis. We demonstrated that TAX2 exhibited a selective and favorable biodistribution profile in mice, localizing at the tumor sites. Using a relevant peritoneal carcinomatosis model displaying PARPi resistance, we demonstrated that post-olaparib (post-PARPi) administration of TAX2 significantly reduced tumor burden and prolonged survival. Remarkably, TAX2 used sequentially was also able to increase animal survival even under treatment conditions allowing olaparib efficacy. CONCLUSIONS: Our study thus (1) proposes a CD47-based stratification of patients who may be most likely to benefit from postoperative immunotherapy, and (2) suggests that TAX2 is a potential alternative therapy for patients relapsing on PARP inhibitors.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor , Antígeno CD47 , Neoplasias Ováricas , Trombospondina 1 , Antígeno CD47/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias Ováricas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Ováricas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Ováricas/patología , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Animales , Ratones , Trombospondina 1/metabolismo , Pronóstico , Línea Celular Tumoral , Terapia Neoadyuvante , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de Xenoinjerto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), a common cause of primary glomerulonephritis, has a poor prognosis and is pathologically featured by tubulointerstitial injury. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) is an extracellular matrix protein that acts in combination with different receptors in the kidney. Here, we analyzed the tubular expression of TSP-1 and its receptor integrin ß3 (ITGB3) in FSGS. Previously the renal interstitial chip analysis of FSGS patients with tubular interstitial injury showed that the expression of TSP-1 and ITGB3 were upregulated. We found that the expression of TSP-1 and ITGB3 increased in the tubular cells of FSGS patients. The plasma level of TSP-1 increased and was correlated to the degree of tubulointerstitial lesions in FSGS patients. TSP-1/ITGB3 signaling induced renal tubular injury in HK-2 cells exposure to bovine serum albumin and the adriamycin (ADR)-induced nephropathy model. THBS1 KO ameliorated tubular injury and renal fibrosis in ADR-treated mice. THBS1 knockdown decreased the expression of KIM-1 and caspase 3 in the HK-2 cells treated with bovine serum albumin, while THBS1 overexpression could induce tubular injury. In vivo, we identified cyclo-RGDfK as an agent to block the binding of TSP-1 to ITGB3. Cyclo-RGDfK treatment could alleviate ADR-induced renal tubular injury and interstitial fibrosis in mice. Moreover, TSP-1 and ITGB3 were colocalized in tubular cells of FSGS patients and ADR-treated mice. Taken together, our data showed that TSP-1/ITGB3 signaling contributed to the development of renal tubulointerstitial injury in FSGS, potentially identifying a new therapeutic target for FSGS.
Asunto(s)
Glomeruloesclerosis Focal y Segmentaria , Integrina beta3 , Trombospondina 1 , Glomeruloesclerosis Focal y Segmentaria/metabolismo , Glomeruloesclerosis Focal y Segmentaria/patología , Glomeruloesclerosis Focal y Segmentaria/genética , Animales , Trombospondina 1/metabolismo , Trombospondina 1/genética , Humanos , Ratones , Integrina beta3/metabolismo , Integrina beta3/genética , Masculino , Ratones Noqueados , Túbulos Renales/metabolismo , Túbulos Renales/patología , Femenino , Adulto , Transducción de Señal , Línea Celular , Doxorrubicina/farmacología , Receptor Celular 1 del Virus de la Hepatitis A/metabolismo , Receptor Celular 1 del Virus de la Hepatitis A/genéticaRESUMEN
Thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) is a matricellular protein associated with the regulation of cell migration through direct binding interactions with integrin proteins and by associating with other receptors known to regulate integrin function, including CD47 and CD36. We previously demonstrated that deletion of an epithelial TSP1 receptor, CD47, attenuates epithelial wound repair following intestinal mucosal injury. However, the mechanisms by which TSP1 contributes to intestinal mucosal repair remain poorly understood. Our results show upregulated TSP1 expression in colonic mucosal wounds and impaired intestinal mucosal wound healing in vivo upon intestinal epithelium-specific loss of TSP1 (VillinCre/+ Thbs1fl/fl or Thbs1ΔIEC mice). We report that exposure to exogenous TSP1 enhanced migration of intestinal epithelial cells in a CD47- and TGF-ß1-dependent manner and that deficiency of TSP1 in primary murine colonic epithelial cells resulted in impaired wound healing. Mechanistically, TSP1 modulated epithelial actin cytoskeletal dynamics through suppression of RhoA activity, activation of Rho family small GTPase (Rac1), and changes in filamentous-actin bundling. Overall, TSP1 was found to regulate intestinal mucosal wound healing via CD47 and TGF-ß1, coordinate integrin-containing cell-matrix adhesion dynamics, and remodel the actin cytoskeleton in migrating epithelial cells to enhance cell motility and promote wound repair.
Asunto(s)
Antígeno CD47 , Movimiento Celular , Mucosa Intestinal , Trombospondina 1 , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta1 , Cicatrización de Heridas , Animales , Trombospondina 1/metabolismo , Trombospondina 1/genética , Cicatrización de Heridas/fisiología , Ratones , Mucosa Intestinal/metabolismo , Mucosa Intestinal/patología , Antígeno CD47/metabolismo , Antígeno CD47/genética , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta1/metabolismo , Proteína de Unión al GTP rhoA/metabolismo , Ratones Noqueados , Proteína de Unión al GTP rac1/metabolismo , Células Epiteliales/metabolismo , Humanos , Colon/metabolismo , Colon/patología , Masculino , NeuropéptidosRESUMEN
Background: Inhibitor of NF-κB kinase-interacting protein (IKIP) is known to promote proliferation of glioblastoma (GBM) cells, but how it affects migration and invasion by those cells is unclear. Methods: We compared levels of IKIP between glioma tissues and normal brain tissue in clinical samples and public databases. We examined the effects of IKIP overexpression and knockdown on the migration and invasion of GBM using transwell and wound healing assays, and we compared the transcriptomes under these different conditions to identify the molecular mechanisms involved. Results: Based on data from our clinical samples and from public databases, IKIP was overexpressed in GBM tumors, and its expression level correlated inversely with survival. IKIP overexpression in GBM cells inhibited migration and invasion in transwell and wound healing assays, whereas IKIP knockdown exerted the opposite effects. IKIP overexpression in GBM cells that were injected into mouse brain promoted tumor growth but inhibited tumor invasion of surrounding tissue. The effects of IKIP were associated with downregulation of THBS1 mRNA and concomitant inhibition of THBS1/FAK signaling. Conclusions: IKIP inhibits THBS1/FAK signaling to suppress migration and invasion of GBM cells.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas , Movimiento Celular , Quinasa 1 de Adhesión Focal , Glioblastoma , Invasividad Neoplásica , Transducción de Señal , Trombospondina 1 , Humanos , Glioblastoma/patología , Glioblastoma/metabolismo , Glioblastoma/genética , Animales , Ratones , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Neoplasias Encefálicas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Encefálicas/genética , Línea Celular Tumoral , Trombospondina 1/metabolismo , Trombospondina 1/genética , Quinasa 1 de Adhesión Focal/metabolismo , Quinasa 1 de Adhesión Focal/genética , Regulación hacia Abajo , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Proliferación CelularRESUMEN
Pulmonary disorders affect 40%-80% of individuals with obesity. Respiratory muscle dysfunction is linked to these conditions; however, its pathophysiology remains largely undefined. Mice subjected to diet-induced obesity (DIO) develop diaphragm muscle weakness. Increased intradiaphragmatic adiposity and extracellular matrix (ECM) content correlate with reductions in contractile force. Thrombospondin-1 (THBS1) is an obesity-associated matricellular protein linked with muscular damage in genetic myopathies. THBS1 induces proliferation of fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) - mesenchymal cells that differentiate into adipocytes and fibroblasts. We hypothesized that THBS1 drives FAP-mediated diaphragm remodeling and contractile dysfunction in DIO. We tested this by comparing the effects of dietary challenge on diaphragms of wild-type (WT) and Thbs1-knockout (Thbs1-/-) mice. Bulk and single-cell transcriptomics demonstrated DIO-induced stromal expansion in WT diaphragms. Diaphragm FAPs displayed upregulation of ECM and TGF-ß-related expression signatures and augmentation of a Thy1-expressing subpopulation previously linked to type 2 diabetes. Despite similar weight gain, Thbs1-/- mice were protected from these transcriptomic changes and from obesity-induced increases in diaphragm adiposity and ECM deposition. Unlike WT controls, Thbs1-/- diaphragms maintained normal contractile force and motion after DIO challenge. THBS1 is therefore a necessary mediator of diaphragm stromal remodeling and contractile dysfunction in overnutrition and a potential therapeutic target in obesity-associated respiratory dysfunction.
Asunto(s)
Diafragma , Ratones Noqueados , Obesidad , Trombospondina 1 , Animales , Trombospondina 1/metabolismo , Trombospondina 1/genética , Diafragma/fisiopatología , Diafragma/metabolismo , Diafragma/patología , Obesidad/metabolismo , Ratones , Contracción Muscular/fisiología , Masculino , Adipogénesis , Adipocitos/metabolismo , Adipocitos/patología , Dieta Alta en Grasa/efectos adversos , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/metabolismo , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Diferenciación CelularRESUMEN
Atherosclerosis is rare in internal thoracic arteries (ITA) even in patients with severe atherosclerotic coronary artery (ACA) disease. To explore cellular differences, ITA SMC from 3 distinct donors and ACA SMC from 3 distinct donors were grown to sub-confluence and growth arrested for 48 h. Proliferation and thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) production were determined using standard techniques. ITA SMC were larger, grew more slowly and survived more passages than ACA SMC. ACA SMC had a more pronounced proliferative response to 10% serum than ITA SMC. Both ACA SMC and ITA SMC proliferated in response to exogenous TSP1 (12.5 µg/ml and 25 µg/ml) and platelet derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB; 20 ng/ml) but TSP1- and PDGF-BB-induced proliferation were partially inhibited by anti-TSP1 antibody A4.1, microRNA-21(miR-21)-3p inhibitors and miR-21-5p inhibitors in each of the 3 ACA SMC lines, but not in any of the ITA SMC lines. PDGF-BB stimulated TSP1 production in ACA SMC but not in ITA SMC but there was no increase in TSP1 levels in conditioned media in either SMC type. In summary, there are significant differences in morphology, proliferative capacity and in responses to TSP1 and PDGF-BB in SMC derived from ITA compared to SMC derived from ACA.
Asunto(s)
Becaplermina , Proliferación Celular , Vasos Coronarios , Miocitos del Músculo Liso , Trombospondina 1 , Becaplermina/metabolismo , Trombospondina 1/metabolismo , Trombospondina 1/genética , Humanos , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Miocitos del Músculo Liso/metabolismo , Miocitos del Músculo Liso/efectos de los fármacos , Vasos Coronarios/metabolismo , Vasos Coronarios/patología , Vasos Coronarios/efectos de los fármacos , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Arterias Mamarias/metabolismo , Arterias Mamarias/efectos de los fármacos , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/metabolismo , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/patología , Aterosclerosis/metabolismo , Aterosclerosis/patología , Células Cultivadas , MasculinoRESUMEN
Extramedullary erythropoiesis is not expected in healthy adult mice, but erythropoietic gene expression was elevated in lineage-depleted spleen cells from Cd47-/- mice. Expression of several genes associated with early stages of erythropoiesis was elevated in mice lacking CD47 or its signaling ligand thrombospondin-1, consistent with previous evidence that this signaling pathway inhibits expression of multipotent stem cell transcription factors in spleen. In contrast, cells expressing markers of committed erythroid progenitors were more abundant in Cd47-/- spleens but significantly depleted in Thbs1-/- spleens. Single-cell transcriptome and flow cytometry analyses indicated that loss of CD47 is associated with accumulation and increased proliferation in spleen of Ter119-CD34+ progenitors and Ter119+CD34- committed erythroid progenitors with elevated mRNA expression of Kit, Ermap, and Tfrc. Induction of committed erythroid precursors is consistent with the known function of CD47 to limit the phagocytic removal of aged erythrocytes. Conversely, loss of thrombospondin-1 delays the turnover of aged red blood cells, which may account for the suppression of committed erythroid precursors in Thbs1-/- spleens relative to basal levels in wild-type mice. In addition to defining a role for CD47 to limit extramedullary erythropoiesis, these studies reveal a thrombospondin-1-dependent basal level of extramedullary erythropoiesis in adult mouse spleen.
Asunto(s)
Antígeno CD47 , Eritropoyesis , Bazo , Trombospondina 1 , Animales , Antígeno CD47/metabolismo , Antígeno CD47/genética , Trombospondina 1/metabolismo , Trombospondina 1/genética , Bazo/metabolismo , Ratones , Ratones Noqueados , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Células Precursoras Eritroides/metabolismoRESUMEN
Osimertinib induces a marked response in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutations. However, acquired resistance to osimertinib remains an inevitable problem. In this study, we aimed to investigate osimertinib-resistant mechanisms and evaluate the combination therapy of afatinib and chemotherapy. We established osimertinib-resistant cell lines (PC-9-OR and H1975-OR) from EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma cell lines PC-9 and H1975 by high exposure and stepwise method. Combination therapy of afatinib plus carboplatin (CBDCA) and pemetrexed (PEM) was effective in both parental and osimertinib-resistant cells. We found that expression of thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) was upregulated in resistant cells using cDNA microarray analysis. We demonstrated that TSP-1 increases the expression of matrix metalloproteinases through integrin signaling and promotes tumor invasion in both PC-9-OR and H1975-OR, and that epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was involved in H1975-OR. Afatinib plus CBDCA and PEM reversed TSP-1-induced invasion ability and EMT changes in resistant cells. In PC-9-OR xenograft mouse models (five female Balb/c-Nude mice in each group), combination therapy strongly inhibited tumor growth compared with afatinib monotherapy (5 mg/kg, orally, five times per week) or CBDCA (75 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, one time per week) + PEM (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, one time per week) over a 28-day period. These results suggest that the combination of afatinib plus CBDCA and PEM, which effectively suppresses TSP-1 expression, may be a promising option in EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients after the acquisition of osimertinib resistance.
Asunto(s)
Acrilamidas , Afatinib , Compuestos de Anilina , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos , Receptores ErbB , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Mutación , Trombospondina 1 , Humanos , Trombospondina 1/genética , Trombospondina 1/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/genética , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/patología , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/metabolismo , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos/genética , Animales , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Afatinib/farmacología , Afatinib/uso terapéutico , Receptores ErbB/genética , Ratones , Línea Celular Tumoral , Acrilamidas/farmacología , Acrilamidas/uso terapéutico , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/farmacología , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Compuestos de Anilina/farmacología , Compuestos de Anilina/uso terapéutico , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de Xenoinjerto , Carboplatino/farmacología , Carboplatino/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Transición Epitelial-Mesenquimal/efectos de los fármacos , Transición Epitelial-Mesenquimal/genética , Ratones Desnudos , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Indoles , PirimidinasRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The intercellular communication in post-infarction angiogenesis remains unclear. METHODS: In this study, we explored the role and mechanism of action of M2 macrophage-derived exosomes (M2-exos) in angiogenesis after MI. M2-exos were harvested and injected intramyocardially at the onset of MI. Two distinct endothelial cells (ECs) were cultured with M2-exos to explore the direct effects on angiogenesis. RESULTS: We showed that M2-exos improved cardiac function, reduced infarct size, and enhanced angiogenesis after MI. Moreover, M2-exos promoted angiogenesis in vitro; the molecules loaded in the vesicles were responsible for its proangiogenic effects. We further validated that higher abundance of miR-132-3p in M2-exos, which recapitulate their functions, was required for the cardioprotective effects exerted by M2-exos. Mechanistically, miR-132-3p carried by M2-exos down-regulate the expression of THBS1 through direct binding to its 3´UTR and the proangiogenic effects of miR-132-3p were largely reversed by THBS1 overexpression. CONCLUSION: Our findings demonstrate that M2-exos promote angiogenesis after MI by transporting miR-132-3p to ECs, and by binding to THBS1 mRNA directly and negatively regulating its expression. These findings highlight the role of M2-exos in cardiac repair and provide novel mechanistic understanding of intercellular communication in post-infarction angiogenesis.
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Exosomas , Macrófagos , MicroARNs , Infarto del Miocardio , Neovascularización Fisiológica , Infarto del Miocardio/metabolismo , Infarto del Miocardio/fisiopatología , Infarto del Miocardio/terapia , Infarto del Miocardio/genética , Exosomas/metabolismo , Animales , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Ratones , Masculino , Humanos , Células Endoteliales/metabolismo , Trombospondina 1/metabolismo , Trombospondina 1/genética , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , AngiogénesisRESUMEN
Microplastics (MPs) pose a significant threat to livestock health. Yet, the roles of polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs) on meat quality and skeletal muscle development in pigs have not been fully determined. To investigate the effect of PS-MPs on skeletal muscle, piglets were given diets supplementation with 0 mg/kg (CON group), 75 mg/kg (75 mg/kg PS-MPs group), and 150 mg/kg PS-MPs (150 mg/kg PS-MPs group), respectively. The results indicated that the average daily gain (ADG) of piglets in the 150 mg/kg PS-MPs group was significantly lower than that in the CON group. No significant differences were observed in the final body weight and ADG between the CON group and the 75 mg/kg PS-MPs group. Piglets in the 150 mg/kg PS-MPs group exhibited decreased meat redness index and type I muscle fiber density. Metabolomic analysis revealed that the contents of meat flavor compounds carnosine, beta-alanine, palmitic acid, and niacinamide in muscle were lower in the 150 mg/kg PS-MPs group than in the CON group. Additionally, piglets subjected to 150 mg/kg PS-MPs exhibited impaired muscle angiogenesis. Further analysis indicated that PS-MPs exposure up-regulated thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) expression by inhibiting THBS1 mRNA and protein degradation, thereby disrupting skeletal muscle angiogenesis. These findings indicate that PS-MPs exposure adversely affects meat quality and hinders skeletal muscle angiogenesis in pigs, providing deeper insights into the detrimental effects of PS-MPs on meat quality and skeletal muscle development.
Asunto(s)
Microplásticos , Músculo Esquelético , Poliestirenos , Carne de Cerdo , Trombospondina 1 , Animales , Masculino , Angiogénesis , Alimentación Animal , Carnosina/farmacología , Contaminación de Alimentos/análisis , Calidad de los Alimentos , Músculo Esquelético/efectos de los fármacos , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Neovascularización Fisiológica/efectos de los fármacos , Porcinos , Trombospondina 1/metabolismo , Carne de Cerdo/análisisRESUMEN
Inappropriate endometrial stromal decidualization has been implied as an important reason of many pregnancy-related complications, such as unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion, preeclampsia, and intrauterine growth restriction. Here, we observed that thrombospondin-1, an adhesive glycoprotein, was significantly downregulated in endometrial decidual cells from patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion. The immortalized human endometrial stromal cell line was used to investigate the possible THBS1-mediated regulation of decidualization. In vitro experiments found that the expression level of THBS1 increased with the normal decidualization process. Knockdown of THBS1 could decrease the expression levels of prolactin and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1, two acknowledged human decidualization markers, whereas THBS1 overexpression could reverse these effects. The RNA sequencing results demonstrated that the extracellular regulated protein kinases signaling pathway was potentially affected by the knockdown of THBS1. We further confirmed that the regulation of THBS1 on decidualization was achieved through the ERK signaling pathway by the treatment of inhibitors. Moreover, knockdown of THBS1 in pregnant mice could impair decidualization and result in an increased fetus resorption rate. Altogether, our study demonstrated a crucial role of THBS1 in the pathophysiological process of unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion and provided some new insights into the research of pregnancy-related complications.
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Aborto Habitual , Decidua , Endometrio , Células del Estroma , Trombospondina 1 , Adulto , Animales , Femenino , Humanos , Ratones , Embarazo , Aborto Habitual/genética , Aborto Habitual/metabolismo , Decidua/metabolismo , Endometrio/metabolismo , Endometrio/patología , Células del Estroma/metabolismo , Trombospondina 1/genética , Trombospondina 1/metabolismo , MasculinoAsunto(s)
Glioblastoma , Trombospondina 1 , Humanos , Glioblastoma/metabolismo , Glioblastoma/genética , Glioblastoma/patología , Trombospondina 1/metabolismo , Trombospondina 1/genética , Inhibidores de la Angiogénesis/farmacología , Inhibidores de la Angiogénesis/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/genética , Neoplasias Encefálicas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Neovascularización Patológica/metabolismo , Neovascularización Patológica/genética , AnimalesRESUMEN
Inflammatory pain results from the heightened sensitivity and reduced threshold of nociceptor sensory neurons due to exposure to inflammatory mediators. However, the cellular and transcriptional diversity of immune cell and sensory neuron types makes it challenging to decipher the immune mechanisms underlying pain. Here we used single-cell transcriptomics to determine the immune gene signatures associated with pain development in three skin inflammatory pain models in mice: zymosan injection, skin incision and ultraviolet burn. We found that macrophage and neutrophil recruitment closely mirrored the kinetics of pain development and identified cell-type-specific transcriptional programs associated with pain and its resolution. Using a comprehensive list of potential interactions mediated by receptors, ligands, ion channels and metabolites to generate injury-specific neuroimmune interactomes, we also uncovered that thrombospondin-1 upregulated by immune cells upon injury inhibited nociceptor sensitization. This study lays the groundwork for identifying the neuroimmune axes that modulate pain in diverse disease contexts.
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Nociceptores , Dolor , Animales , Ratones , Dolor/inmunología , Dolor/metabolismo , Nociceptores/metabolismo , Transcriptoma , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Inflamación/inmunología , Masculino , Macrófagos/inmunología , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Trombospondina 1/metabolismo , Trombospondina 1/genética , Piel/inmunología , Piel/metabolismo , Piel/patología , Zimosan , Análisis de la Célula Individual , Neuroinmunomodulación , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Neutrófilos/inmunología , Neutrófilos/metabolismoRESUMEN
Background: Schistosomiasis is a common cause of pulmonary hypertension (PH) worldwide. Type 2 inflammation contributes to the development of Schistosoma-induced PH. Specifically, interstitial macrophages (IMs) derived from monocytes play a pivotal role by producing thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), which in turn activates TGF-ß, thereby driving the pathology of PH. Resident and recruited IM subpopulations have recently been identified. We hypothesized that in Schistosoma-PH, one IM subpopulation expresses monocyte recruitment factors, whereas recruited monocytes become a separate IM subpopulation that expresses TSP-1. Methods: Mice were intraperitoneally sensitized and then intravenously challenged with S. mansoni eggs. Flow cytometry on lungs and blood was performed on wildtype and reporter mice to identify IM subpopulations and protein expression. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) was performed on flow-sorted IMs from unexposed and at day 1, 3 and 7 following Schistosoma exposure to complement flow cytometry based IM characterization and identify gene expression. Results: Flow cytometry and scRNAseq both identified 3 IM subpopulations, characterized by CCR2, MHCII, and FOLR2 expression. Following Schistosoma exposure, the CCR2+ IM subpopulation expanded, suggestive of circulating monocyte recruitment. Schistosoma exposure caused increased monocyte-recruitment ligand CCL2 expression in the resident FOLR2+ IM subpopulation. In contrast, the vascular pathology-driving protein TSP-1 was greatest in the CCR2+ IM subpopulation. Conclusion: Schistosoma-induced PH involves crosstalk between IM subpopulations, with increased expression of monocyte recruitment ligands by resident FOLR2+ IMs, and the recruitment of CCR2+ IMs which express TSP-1 that activates TGF-ß and causes PH.
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Hipertensión Pulmonar , Macrófagos , Animales , Hipertensión Pulmonar/etiología , Hipertensión Pulmonar/parasitología , Hipertensión Pulmonar/inmunología , Hipertensión Pulmonar/patología , Ratones , Macrófagos/inmunología , Macrófagos/parasitología , Fenotipo , Schistosoma mansoni/inmunología , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Esquistosomiasis/inmunología , Esquistosomiasis/complicaciones , Esquistosomiasis/parasitología , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Esquistosomiasis mansoni/inmunología , Esquistosomiasis mansoni/parasitología , Esquistosomiasis mansoni/complicaciones , Esquistosomiasis mansoni/patología , Trombospondina 1/genética , Trombospondina 1/metabolismo , Monocitos/inmunología , Receptores CCR2/genética , Receptores CCR2/metabolismo , Femenino , Schistosoma/inmunología , Schistosoma/fisiología , Pulmón/inmunología , Pulmón/parasitología , Pulmón/patologíaRESUMEN
Loss of muscle mass is a feature of chronic illness and aging. Here, we report that skeletal muscle-specific thrombospondin-1 transgenic mice (Thbs1 Tg) have profound muscle atrophy with age-dependent decreases in exercise capacity and premature lethality. Mechanistically, Thbs1 activates transforming growth factor ß (TGFß)-Smad2/3 signaling, which also induces activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) expression that together modulates the autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP) and ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) to facilitate muscle atrophy. Indeed, myofiber-specific inhibition of TGFß-receptor signaling represses the induction of ATF4, normalizes ALP and UPS, and partially restores muscle mass in Thbs1 Tg mice. Similarly, myofiber-specific deletion of Smad2 and Smad3 or the Atf4 gene antagonizes Thbs1-induced muscle atrophy. More importantly, Thbs1-/- mice show significantly reduced levels of denervation- and caloric restriction-mediated muscle atrophy, along with blunted TGFß-Smad3-ATF4 signaling. Thus, Thbs1-mediated TGFß-Smad3-ATF4 signaling in skeletal muscle regulates tissue rarefaction, suggesting a target for atrophy-based muscle diseases and sarcopenia with aging.
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Factor de Transcripción Activador 4 , Músculo Esquelético , Atrofia Muscular , Transducción de Señal , Proteína Smad2 , Proteína smad3 , Trombospondina 1 , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta , Animales , Masculino , Ratones , Factor de Transcripción Activador 4/metabolismo , Autofagia , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Transgénicos , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Músculo Esquelético/patología , Atrofia Muscular/metabolismo , Atrofia Muscular/patología , Proteína Smad2/metabolismo , Proteína smad3/metabolismo , Trombospondina 1/metabolismo , Trombospondina 1/genética , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta/metabolismoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is an important cause of early dysfunction and exacerbation of immune rejection in transplanted hearts. The integrin-related protein CD47 exacerbates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting the nitric oxide signaling pathway through interaction with thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1). In addition, the preservation quality of the donor hearts is a key determinant of transplant success. Preservation duration beyond four hours is associated with primary graft dysfunction. We hypothesized that blocking the CD47-TSP-1 system would attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury in the transplanted heart and, thus, improve the preservation of donor hearts. METHODS: We utilized a syngeneic mouse heart transplant model to assess the effect of CD47 monoclonal antibody (CD47mAb) to treat MIRI. Donor hearts were perfused with CD47mAb or an isotype-matched control immunoglobulin (IgG2a) and were implanted into the abdominal cavity of the recipients after being stored in histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) solution at 4 °C for 4 h or 8 h. RESULTS: At both the 4-h and 8-h preservation time points, mice in the experimental group perfused with CD47mAb exhibited prolonged survival in the transplanted heart, reduced inflammatory response and oxidative stress, significantly decreased inflammatory cell infiltration, and fewer apoptosis-related biomarkers. CONCLUSION: The application of CD47mAb for the blocking of CD47 attenuates MIRI as well as improves the preservation and prognosis of the transplanted heart in a murine heart transplant model.