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OBJECTIVE: Mining activity represents one of the most hazardous occupations related to health, with 8% of fatal injuries concentrated in this sector worldwide. Thus, it is crucial to timely identify the factors involved in such injuries. We aimed to explore the sociodemographic and occupational/organisational factors associated with injuries, causative agents and subsequent disabilities and fatality of workers exposed to occupational injuries in the mining sector. DESIGN: A secondary scoping review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. DATA SOURCES: Scopus, Embase, Virtual Health Library, SciELO and PubMed databases were searched in February 2022 and updated in October 2023. The protocol was developed in April 2022. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES: We included observational studies published within the last 13 years (2010-2022) which provided information on injuries of the mining workers and reported associated factors as well as health consequences. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Two independent reviewers examined the eligibility criteria, screened and coded the extracted information using prevalidated data extraction tools, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-Extension for Scoping Reviews reporting guidelines. RESULTS: A total of 123 studies were found, of which nine were selected for inclusion in this review. Participants were between 15 and 80 years old, and the rate of injuries ranged from 4.4% to 10.6% of reported cases. Among the total selected studies, mechanical agents were identified as the leading cause of injuries in six studies. The factors associated with injuries included age, gender (female) and biochemical characteristics. On the other hand, occupational and organisational factors encompassed work shift, outsourcing (contractors) and less than 2 years of experience in the sector. CONCLUSION: This review emphasises that both work-related and individual characteristics are significantly related factors of injuries. Moreover, commonly reported health consequences of injuries encompass mortality, average days lost and permanent, partial or total disability.
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Accidentes de Trabajo , Minería , Traumatismos Ocupacionales , Humanos , Accidentes de Trabajo/estadística & datos numéricos , Accidentes de Trabajo/mortalidad , Minería/estadística & datos numéricos , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/epidemiología , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/etiología , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
Workplace injuries constitute a serious and growing public health concern worldwide. Despite work-related injuries being highly common, especially among workers in the manufacturing industry, their growing complexities are not adequately addressed in the current literature. Therefore this study aims to investigate the association between sociodemographic, workplace, and behavioral characteristics with work-related injuries among large-scale factory workers in Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to April 2020 with 457 workers selected from large-scale factories in Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia. Survey data included sociodemographic characteristics, working and safety conditions, and behavioral factors as predictors of occupational injuries. A logistic regression model was fitted to estimate the probability of injury and identify its associated factors. The 12-month prevalence of work-related injuries was 25%. Most injuries occurred at midnight (8.8%). Factors associated with work-related injury were excessive working hours (OR = 3.26; 95%CI: 1.26-8.41), cigarette smoking (OR = 2.72; 95%CI: 1.22-6.08), and manual handling (OR = 2.30; 95%CI: 1.13-4.72). Use of personal protective equipment reduced the odds of injury (OR = 0.42; 95%CI: 0.21-0.83). Although our estimated prevalence of occupational injury was lower than that found in other studies, our findings suggest that actions on modifiable conditions must be taken to reduce the burden of workplace injuries in Ethiopia. The results could inform preparedness and policy efforts aimed at improving worker safety and health.
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Traumatismos Ocupacionales , Factores Socioeconómicos , Lugar de Trabajo , Humanos , Etiopía/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Masculino , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/epidemiología , Adulto , Lugar de Trabajo/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto Joven , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores Sociodemográficos , Adolescente , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Accidentes de Trabajo/estadística & datos numéricos , Salud Laboral/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
Burns affect 11 million people worldwide annually. Electrical burns (EBs) are renowned for inflicting extensive harm and long-term consequences that can lead to severe illnesses and fatalities. People in both occupational and nonoccupational settings may be exposed to EBs, leading to functional or anatomical consequences. We identified sociodemographic features related to EBs in both settings. A cross-sectional design, using an open dataset of electrical shock injuries that occurred in Colombia during the 2010-2021 period, was carried out. Sociodemographic features of people injured in occupational and nonoccupational settings were described in counts (%), incidence per 100 000 people (I0; 95% CI). To identify related factors (age-sex adjusted) with injuries in occupational and nonoccupational settings, we applied a binary logistic regression. Over the 12-year period, there were 1.274 EBs (I0: 2.47; 2.34-2.61), 287 in the occupational setting (I0: 1.35; 1.20-1.51), and 987 in the nonoccupational setting (I0: 3.25; 3.05-3.46). Age median was 31 years, and most cases were distributed in middle adulthood (52.8%), males (88.1%), high school/technician (42.8%), urban location (73.7%), weekdays (95.3%), and daytime hours (85.5%). Factors related to EBs in the occupational setting were males, middle adulthood, high school/technician, Thursday, and daytime hours. Other factors related to EBs in the nonoccupational setting were early childhood, primary school, urban location, and weekends. Both settings pose a risk of injuries to individuals. We have identified sociodemographic factors related to these injuries in both occupational and nonoccupational settings, which could aid in preventing damages and long-term complications, especially among vulnerable subgroups such as those determined above.
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Quemaduras por Electricidad , Traumatismos Ocupacionales , Humanos , Colombia/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Quemaduras por Electricidad/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/epidemiología , Adolescente , Niño , Adulto Joven , Factores de Riesgo , Incidencia , Preescolar , Accidentes de Trabajo/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Accidents at work are events that endanger the health and life of workers. They are considered a public health problem, being the object of studies and actions in the Brazilian health system. The collapsed of the ore tailings dam in the municipality of Brumadinho, Brazil, in January 2019, shocked the world due to the proportion of environmental and human damage caused. In this context, concern for the health of workers gained prominence. This paper evaluated the impact of the collapse of the mining tailings dam in Brumadinho, on notifications of occupational health problems before and after the disaster. METHODS: An observational, longitudinal and retrospective study, of the time series type with a statistical approach was carried out on notifications of work-related injuries and diseases, available in the local database of the Notifiable Diseases Information System between January 2017 and December 2021. RESULTS: During the study period, 520 notifications of work-related injuries and conditions were registered. Of this total, 67.3% were serious work accidents, 26.0% mental disorders, 12.3% accidents with biological material and 2.9% repetitive strain injuries/musculoskeletal disorders, occupational dermatoses and induced hearing loss by noise. Occurrences were more frequent in 2019, the year in which the mining disaster occurred, recording 65.2% of total notifications. Regarding the volume of notifications after the disaster, there was a statistically significant reduction (p < 0.001) for accidents with biological material; significant increase for severe work accident and mental disorder. The average time between the occurrence of the injury and the notification showed a statistically significant reduction for accidents involving biological material (p = 0.001) and a significant increase for serious accidents at work (p = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: It was demonstrated that there were changes in the number of notifications when comparing the period before and after the mining disaster, with a consequent impact on the health of workers, which may persist over the years.
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Desastres , Traumatismos Ocupacionales , Humanos , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/epidemiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Brasil/epidemiología , Bases de Datos FactualesRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine factors associated with return to work in US diplomats injured during a work assignment in Cuba. METHODS: In this case series work ability was determined at each visit. Questionnaires used included the Symptom Score Questionnaire, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, Quality-of-Life Inventory, and Patient Health Questionnaire. RESULTS: Of the 45 employees referred to Occupational Medicine, the mean age was 42.5âyears, 60% were men, 68% were never out of work, 22% were out of work for some period, and 15% remain out of work. Vestibular, cognitive, hearing, sleep, and visual symptoms, and a higher initial symptom score were significantly associated with work inability while psychiatric symptoms were not. CONCLUSIONS: This exposure resulted in prolonged illness with cognitive impairment and other clinical manifestations associated with work inability.
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Empleados de Gobierno , Traumatismos Ocupacionales , Adulto , Cuba , Depresión/epidemiología , Depresión/psicología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/epidemiología , Reinserción al Trabajo , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Estados Unidos/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: to estimate the association between weekly working hours and occupational injuries (OI) among the salaried population in Guayaquil, Ecuador. Methods: a cross-sectional study that used data from the First Survey on Safety and Health Conditions at Work in Ecuador in 2017. The respondents were 1005 salaried workers, divided into two groups according to weekly working hours, ?43 and ?44 hours. The relationship between long working hours and OI by gender was analyzed by using logistic regression (OR; CI 95%) adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics (Model 1) and also for occupational characteristics (Model 2). Results: 30.9% of the workers declared ?44 weekly working hours (50.7±6.3 hours) and the OI percentages in this group were higher in men (24.2%) compared to women (12%). OI among those working long hours increased with age in men. In addition, the odds of sustaining an OI were higher among men working long hours as compared to the standard working day (OR = 3.08; 95% CI: 1.87-5.07), for Model 1 settings (OR = 2, 98; 95% CI: 1.79-4.95) and Model 2 (OR = 3.05; 95% CI: 1.82-5.11). Conclusions: Long working hours are associated with OI in men. In the case of women, despite the fact that the frequency of OI was higher in those exposed to long working hours compared to those exposed to standard working hours, no statistically significant associations were observed. Implementation of preventive measures that consider the length of working hours in companies could result in the reduction of OI.
OBJETIVO: estimar la relación entre las jornadas de trabajo por semana y las lesiones por accidente de trabajo (LAT) en la población asalariada de la ciudad ecuatoriana de Guayaquil. Métodos: estudio transversal que empleó datos de la Primera Encuesta de Condiciones de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo para el Ecuador en 2017. Los encuestados fueron 1 005 trabajadores asalariados y se dividieron en dos grupos según las horas de trabajo semanales, ?43 y ?44 horas. La relación entre las jornadas laborales prolongadas y LAT por sexo se analizó mediante regresión logística (OR; IC95%) ajustado por características sociodemográficas (Modelo 1) y añadiendo las ocupacionales (Modelo 2). RESULTADOS: El 30,9% de los trabajadores declaró trabajar 44 horas o más a la semana (50,7±6,3 horas) y la frecuencia de LAT en este grupo fue superior en los hombres (24,2%) respecto a las mujeres (12%). Las LAT en jornadas laborales prolongadas aumentaron con la edad en los hombres. Además, la probabilidad de sufrir una LAT fue mayor entre los hombres en comparación con la jornada de trabajo estándar, también para los ajustes del Modelo 1 y del Modelo 2. Conclusiones: Las jornadas laborales prolongadas están asociadas con las LAT en los hombres. En el caso de las mujeres no se observó una asociación estadísticamente significativa. La implementación de medidas preventivas que tomen en cuenta la duración de las jornadas de trabajo en las empresas podría resultar en una reducción de las LAT.
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Traumatismos Ocupacionales , Masculino , Humanos , Femenino , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Ecuador/epidemiología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Modelos LogísticosRESUMEN
Aging populations are a dramatically increased worldwide trend, both in developed and developing countries. This study examines the prevalence of fatal and non-fatal work-related injuries between young (<45 years old) and older (≥45 years old) workers. A systematic literature review aimed at examining studies comparing safety outcomes, namely fatal and non-fatal injuries, between older and younger workers. Results show that 50% of the reviewed papers suggest that fatal injuries are suffered mainly by older workers, while the remaining 50% show no differences between older and younger workers. Regarding non-fatal injuries, 49% of the reviewed papers found no relationship between workers' age; 31% found increased age as a protective factor against non-fatal injuries; and 19% showed that older workers had a higher risk of non-fatal injuries than younger ones. This review suggests that older workers experience higher rates of fatal injuries, and younger workers experience higher rates of non-fatal injuries.
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Traumatismos Ocupacionales , Heridas y Lesiones , Accidentes de Trabajo , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Lugar de TrabajoRESUMEN
El presente trabajo se realizó en el marco de las actividades de investigación y extensión del Departamento de Salud Ocupacional de la Facultad de Medicina Universidad de la República, por iniciativa de los trabajadores del sindicato único de la construcción y afines. El objetivo fue conocer el perfil de salud y enfermedad de los trabajadores del sector con el propósito de generar acciones que promuevan la salud laboral del colectivo involucrado. La investigación realizada es de carácter descriptivo a partir de fuentes secundarias. De los resultados se destacaron las enfermedades del aparato osteomioarticular, lesiones por traumatismos o envenenamiento y patologías del aparato respiratorio como principales causas de ausentismo de origen médico. La patología osteomioarticular fue la primera causa de incapacidad total y también es la primera causa de incapacidad para la tarea en el periodo estudiado. La tasa de incidencia acumulada de los accidentes en el año 2014 fue de 81,8 por 1.000 trabajadores cotizantes de la construcción, presentando una caída sostenida hasta el 2018 que alcanzó el valor de 60,2 por 1.000 trabajadores cotizantes. El tipo de accidente más frecuente observado en el periodo fueron las lesiones a esfuerzo excesivo. Con respecto a los accidentes mortales existe una caída marcada entre los años 2014 al 2016 con un ascenso progresivo en 2018. De la investigación surge como necesidad mejorar el reconocimiento de la patología profesional en el sector, profundizar las acciones en seguridad y salud con énfasis en aspectos ergonómicos de la carga física(AU)
This study was carried out under the framework of the research and outreach activities of the Department of Occupational Health of the School of Medicine of the University of the Republic, as an initiative of the workers of its single union of construction and related industries. The objective was to describe the health and disease profile of workers in the sector in order to generate actions to promote their occupational health. The study was descriptive and consisted of a secondary analysis of existing data. Musculoskeletal disorders, traumatic injuries, poisonings and respiratory illnesses were the main cause of sickness absence. Musculoskeletal disorders were the main cause of both work-related and total disability. The cumulative incidence rate of injuries in 2014 was 81.8 per 1000 dues-paying construction workers, and subsequently declined until 2018, to an incidence of 62.2 per 1000 dues-paying workers. Overexertion was the most common mechanism of injury. With respect to fatal accidents, there was a arked decline between 2014 and 2016, followed by a progressive increasein 2018. This study underscores the need to improve the recognition of occupational illness and injury in the construction and related industries sector, and to add depth to safety and health interventions, with an emphasis on ergonomic aspects of physical loads(AU)
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Humanos , Intoxicación/epidemiología , Heridas y Lesiones/epidemiología , Enfermedades Óseas/epidemiología , Accidentes de Trabajo/estadística & datos numéricos , Industria de la Construcción , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/epidemiología , Uruguay , Perfil de Salud , Cuerpos Extraños en el Ojo/epidemiología , Dolor de la Región Lumbar , Grupos ProfesionalesRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To assess the occupational injuries and psychological support received by nurses and to investigate the relationship between the two. METHOD: This was a nation-wide cross-sectional study of nurses working across 1858 hospitals in China. Data were collected using an online structured, self-administered questionnaire between 2016 and 2017. RESULTS: Nearly half of respondents had experienced aggressive behavior from patients or their attendants; 13.4% respondents had experienced aggressive behavior on more than three occasions. 78.96% respondents had experienced needle-stick injuries and 51.22% had experienced psychological trauma. 20.5% respondents believed that hospitals do not pay any attention to occupational safety. 86.1% respondents expressed the need for little or moderate psychological support. Nurses who had experienced aggressive behavior expressed a greater need for psychological support. Nurses working at hospitals that adequately addressed the occupational safety issues expressed the lowest need for psychological support. CONCLUSION: We found a high prevalence of psychological stress and occupational injuries among nurses. Nursing managers need to address this issue and implement interventions to prevent and reduce injuries.
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Lesiones por Pinchazo de Aguja , Enfermeras y Enfermeros , Personal de Enfermería en Hospital , Traumatismos Ocupacionales , China/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Humanos , Lesiones por Pinchazo de Aguja/epidemiología , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/epidemiología , Estrés Psicológico , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence and factors associated with pressure injuries related to the use of personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Cross-sectional study conducted using an instrument made available in social networks with 1,106 health professionals. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and compared, considering pvalue < 0.05. RESULTS: There was a prevalence of 69.4% for pressure injuries related to the use of personal protective equipment, with an average of 2.4 injuries per professional. The significant factors were: under 35 years of age, working and wearing personal protective equipment for more than six hours a day, in hospital units, and without the use of inputs for protection. CONCLUSION: Pressure injuries related to the use of medical devices showed a high prevalence in this population. The recognition of the damage in these professionals makes it possible to advance in prevention strategies.
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COVID-19 , Traumatismos Ocupacionales , Pandemias , Equipo de Protección Personal , Úlcera por Presión , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Brasil/epidemiología , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Intervalos de Confianza , COVID-19/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Cuerpo Médico/estadística & datos numéricos , Personal de Enfermería/estadística & datos numéricos , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/epidemiología , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/etiología , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/prevención & control , Equipo de Protección Personal/efectos adversos , Fisioterapeutas/estadística & datos numéricos , Prevalencia , SARS-CoV-2 , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Objectives: In 2017 the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Committee on Fisheries committed to prioritize occupational safety and health issues in aquaculture (AOSH). An international team was established to synthesize OSH knowledge concerning more than 19 million, often vulnerable, aquaculture workers found globally.Methods: The study was conducted as a desktop scoping exercise using both peer-reviewed and gray literature and the knowledge and expertize of an international panel. Collated information used a standard proforma. Panel members developed draft national and regional AOSH profiles outlining occupational hazards contributing to occupational injuries, diseases, and known solutions. These were work-shopped and refined after gathering additional information and used to compile the first global scoping review report on AOSH.Results: Synthesized results revealed multiple hazards, significant global knowledge gaps and some successful and unsuccessful global, national and industry-specific AOSH policies, practices and standards along the primary supply chain, in marine and freshwater contexts. Some constructive initiatives by the International Labor Organization (ILO) and FAO, industry, labor and civil society groups in a range of employment and geographical settings and across diverse populations of workers were identified.Conclusion: Global commitment to AOSH should be given the same focus as product quality, biosecurity, food safety and environmental sustainability in the sector. This needs development and implementation of integrated AOSH actions appropriate for diverse settings especially in low and middle-income countries encompassing greater uptake of international codes, better risk assessment and OSH management, adoption of technological innovations, effective OSH regulation and enforcement, adequate resources, training and information.
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Acuicultura/organización & administración , Salud Laboral/normas , Accidentes de Trabajo/economía , Accidentes de Trabajo/legislación & jurisprudencia , Accidentes de Trabajo/estadística & datos numéricos , Acuicultura/economía , Acuicultura/legislación & jurisprudencia , Empleo , Humanos , Renta , Salud Laboral/economía , Salud Laboral/legislación & jurisprudencia , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/economía , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Information on occupational health and safety practices in Brazilian aquaculture is limited. This paper reports preliminary results from an online survey based on research questions to identify occupational hazards, risk assessment practices, and prevention measures adopted in Brazilian aquaculture. Data were collected through an online questionnaire, comprising 25 questions, on a voluntary and anonymous basis. Aquaculture stakeholders were invited to participate in the study through email and social media channels. The demographic data demonstrated that the majority of respondents were men (72%) and having a higher education (95%). Most respondents employed administrative controls and personal protective equipment (PPE) rather than substitution and other risk elimination measures to reduce exposure. The most commonly adopted measures were PPE use (87%), adequate handling of chemicals (86%), and imparting knowledge of risks (90%). However, only 12% of participants reported the presence of safety protocols at their workplace, and 17% had some form of immunization of workers. In this study, it was possible to identify a lack of hazard signage in the workplace and lack of occupational health and safety training. The results further indicate that risk management in aquaculture continues to be a challenge in low-income countries. Aquaculture farmers should be encouraged and supported in adopting measures and appropriate technologies to eliminate risks in Brazilian aquaculture.
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Acuicultura/estadística & datos numéricos , Salud Laboral/estadística & datos numéricos , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/epidemiología , Accidentes de Trabajo/prevención & control , Accidentes de Trabajo/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Anciano , Brasil/epidemiología , Correo Electrónico/estadística & datos numéricos , Agricultores , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/prevención & control , Equipos de Seguridad/estadística & datos numéricos , Medios de Comunicación Sociales/estadística & datos numéricos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: to describe the epidemiological profile of farmworkers exposed to pesticides in the city of Casimiro de Abreu, Rio de Janeiro State. METHOD: cross-sectional study, conducted through a questionnaire. The collected data were typed in spreadsheet and processed in the R software. RESULTS: the predominance of female participants, between 40 and 60 years old, married, with some elementary education was observed. Furthermore, the family labor and the production for their own consumption and trade prevail. Herbicide is the most widely used pesticide. Most informants present poisoning symptoms, as they do not use Personal Protective Equipment nor sunscreen. Breast cancer is the most frequent in families; among the participants, 31% had hypertension and 6.4% diabetes. CONCLUSION: a population vulnerable to environmental and occupational risks, specially the middle-aged group and women, sets up a profile marked by regional differences.
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Agricultores/estadística & datos numéricos , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/epidemiología , Adulto , Anciano , Brasil/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Factores Socioeconómicos , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
This study aims to identify information systems having fatal work-related (ATF) data in Brazil, describing their characteristics, flows and barriers to information quality. Using a documental research approach, we found: the Mortality Information System (SIM), the Hospital Admission Register from the Unified Health System (SIH-SUS), the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) and the Violence and Injuries Surveillance Program (VIVA) from the Health Ministry; the Work-related Injuries Reporting System (SISCAT) of the Ministry of Social Insurance; and the Annual Report of Social Information (RAIS), Ministry of Labour and Employment. A lack of key common variables limits the construction of a single database composed by all ATF recorded cases. From several barriers identified, the most relevant for data quality was the lack of work-relatedness recognition and recording, a task performed by the health team.
O objetivo deste estudo é identificar sistemas de informação que dispõem de dados sobre acidentes de trabalho fatais (ATF) no Brasil, descrever suas características, fluxos e barreiras para a qualidade da informação. Empregando-se o método da pesquisa documental, foram encontrados: o Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM), o Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do SUS (SIH/SUS), o Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan) e o Sistema do Programa Vigilância de Violência e Acidentes (VIVA) do Ministério da Saúde; o Sistema de Informação de Comunicação de Acidentes do Trabalho (Siscat) da Previdência Social; e do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego, a Relação Anual de Informações Sociais (RAIS). A falta de variáveis chave comuns limita a construção de uma base de dados única com todos os casos de ATF registrados. Dentre os vários filtros e barreiras identificados destaca-se o não reconhecimento da relação do acidente com o trabalho pelos profissionais registrantes.
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Bases de Datos Factuales/estadística & datos numéricos , Sistemas de Información en Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Programas Nacionales de Salud , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/epidemiología , Brasil/epidemiología , Bases de Datos Factuales/normas , Sistemas de Información en Salud/normas , Humanos , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/mortalidadRESUMEN
Resumo O objetivo deste estudo é identificar sistemas de informação que dispõem de dados sobre acidentes de trabalho fatais (ATF) no Brasil, descrever suas características, fluxos e barreiras para a qualidade da informação. Empregando-se o método da pesquisa documental, foram encontrados: o Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM), o Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do SUS (SIH/SUS), o Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan) e o Sistema do Programa Vigilância de Violência e Acidentes (VIVA) do Ministério da Saúde; o Sistema de Informação de Comunicação de Acidentes do Trabalho (Siscat) da Previdência Social; e do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego, a Relação Anual de Informações Sociais (RAIS). A falta de variáveis chave comuns limita a construção de uma base de dados única com todos os casos de ATF registrados. Dentre os vários filtros e barreiras identificados destaca-se o não reconhecimento da relação do acidente com o trabalho pelos profissionais registrantes.
Abstract This study aims to identify information systems having fatal work-related (ATF) data in Brazil, describing their characteristics, flows and barriers to information quality. Using a documental research approach, we found: the Mortality Information System (SIM), the Hospital Admission Register from the Unified Health System (SIH-SUS), the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) and the Violence and Injuries Surveillance Program (VIVA) from the Health Ministry; the Work-related Injuries Reporting System (SISCAT) of the Ministry of Social Insurance; and the Annual Report of Social Information (RAIS), Ministry of Labour and Employment. A lack of key common variables limits the construction of a single database composed by all ATF recorded cases. From several barriers identified, the most relevant for data quality was the lack of work-relatedness recognition and recording, a task performed by the health team.
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Humanos , Bases de Datos Factuales/estadística & datos numéricos , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/epidemiología , Sistemas de Información en Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Programas Nacionales de Salud , Brasil/epidemiología , Bases de Datos Factuales/normas , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/mortalidad , Sistemas de Información en Salud/normasRESUMEN
Little research has been done to evaluate the occupational health of electronic waste (e-waste) recycling workers in Latin America. The objective of this study was to complete comprehensive health evaluations on e-waste recycling workers in Chile and to compare those that work in informal (i.e., independent) to those that work in formal (i.e., established company) settings. A cross-sectional study in the summer of 2017 recruited 78 informal recycling workers from two cities and 15 formal e-waste recycling workers from a single recycling facility to assess exposures and health outcomes. Participants completed a health questionnaire and underwent a full health assessment. Herein, only health questionnaire data are reported. Participants were primarily male, middle-aged, married with children, and had worked in e-waste recycling for an average of 12 years. Participants generally reported good health status, and their prevalence of chronic diseases was comparable to national rates. Workers frequently reported exposures to several occupational stressors, including noise and insufficient income, as well as other mental health stressors. Occupational injuries were commonly reported and use of safety equipment was low. Only a few significant differences, generally of a rather small magnitude, were found between informal and formal workers. In conclusion, from survey data, we did not identify major risks to health among e-waste workers, and only minor differences between workers in informal and formal settings.
Asunto(s)
Residuos Electrónicos , Estado de Salud , Salud Laboral/estadística & datos numéricos , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/epidemiología , Reciclaje , Adulto , Chile/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Sector Informal , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/etiologíaRESUMEN
ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the epidemiological profile of farmworkers exposed to pesticides in the city of Casimiro de Abreu, Rio de Janeiro State. Method: cross-sectional study, conducted through a questionnaire. The collected data were typed in spreadsheet and processed in the R software. Results: the predominance of female participants, between 40 and 60 years old, married, with some elementary education was observed. Furthermore, the family labor and the production for their own consumption and trade prevail. Herbicide is the most widely used pesticide. Most informants present poisoning symptoms, as they do not use Personal Protective Equipment nor sunscreen. Breast cancer is the most frequent in families; among the participants, 31% had hypertension and 6.4% diabetes. Conclusion: a population vulnerable to environmental and occupational risks, specially the middle-aged group and women, sets up a profile marked by regional differences.
RESUMEN Objetivo: describir el perfil epidemiológico de los trabajadores rurales expuestos a agrotóxicos en el municipio de Casimiro de Abreu, estado de Río de Janeiro. Método: estudio transversal, realizado por medio de un cuestionario. Los datos recolectados fueron digitados en planilla electrónica y procesados en el Programa R. Resultados: se constató predominio de participantes del sexo femenino, entre cuarenta y sesenta años, casadas, con enseñanza fundamental incompleta. Además, prevalecen la mano de obra familiar y la producción para el propio consumo y comercio. Herbicida es el agrotóxico más utilizado. La mayoría de los informantes presenta un síntoma de intoxicación, no utiliza equipo de protección individual ni protector solar. El cáncer de mama es el más frecuente en las familias; de los participantes se identificaron un 31% hipertensos y un 6,4% diabéticos. Conclusión: una población vulnerable a los riesgos ambientales y ocupacionales, con destaque para el grupo de mediana edad y del sexo femenino, configura un perfil marcado por diferencias regionales.
RESUMO Objetivo: descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos trabalhadores rurais expostos a agrotóxicos no município de Casimiro de Abreu, estado do Rio de Janeiro. Método: estudo transversal, realizado por meio de questionário. Os dados coletados foram digitados em planilha eletrônica e processados no Programa R. Resultados: constatou-se predomínio de participantes do sexo feminino, entre quarenta e sessenta anos, casadas, com ensino fundamental incompleto. Ademais, prevalecem a mão de obra familiar e a produção para o próprio consumo e comércio. Herbicida é o agrotóxico mais utilizado. A maioria dos informantes apresenta sintoma de intoxicação, não utiliza Equipamento de Proteção Individual nem protetor solar. O câncer de mama é o mais frequente nas famílias; dentre os participantes identificaram-se 31% hipertensos e 6,4% diabéticos. Conclusão: uma população vulnerável aos riscos ambientais e ocupacionais, com destaque para o grupo de meia idade e do sexo feminino, configura um perfil marcado por diferenças regionais.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/epidemiología , Agricultores/estadística & datos numéricos , Factores Socioeconómicos , Brasil/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
The objective of this study was to assess the radiation doses received by anaesthetists from prostatic artery embolization (PAE) procedures. Ten PAE procedures conducted in a reference hospital in the city of Recife, Brazil were investigated. Occupational dosimetry was performed using thermoluminescent dosemeters which were located next to the eyes, close to the thyroid (over the shielding), on the thorax (under the apron), on the wrist and on the feet of the physician's body. The results showed that the anaesthetist's feet received the highest doses followed by the eyes and the hands. In some complex PAE procedures the doses received by anaesthetists on the lens of the eyes and the effective dose were higher than those received by the main operator due to the anaesthetist's close position to the patient's table and the use of oblique projections. The personal dose equivalent Hp(3) per procedure for the anaesthetist's right eyebrow ranged from 20.2 µSv to 568.3 µSv. This result shows that anaesthetists assisting PAE procedures can exceeds the annual eye lens dose limit of 20 mSv recommended by the ICRP with only one procedure per week if radiation protection measures are not implemented during procedures.
Asunto(s)
Anestesistas/estadística & datos numéricos , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/prevención & control , Hiperplasia Prostática/radioterapia , Exposición a la Radiación/efectos adversos , Protección Radiológica/normas , Brasil/epidemiología , Embolización Terapéutica/métodos , Extremidades/efectos de la radiación , Humanos , Incidencia , Cristalino/efectos de la radiación , Masculino , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/epidemiología , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/etiología , Ropa de Protección/normas , Equipos de Seguridad/normas , Dosis de Radiación , Radiología Intervencionista/métodosRESUMEN
We investigated the association between fatal snakebite envenoming and agricultural work in Brazil, considering the effects of relevant covariables. A nested case-control study was performed using 1,119 fatal cases of snakebite envenoming among persons aged ≥ 10 years, notified to the Brazilian official reporting system, from 2004 to 2015. As controls, 4,476 cases were randomly selected from the 115,723 nonfatal cases of snakebite, without missing data, that occurred in the same time period. The main predictor was occupation in the agriculture sector; the main outcome was death by snakebite envenoming. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the main association, controlling for the effects of relevant covariables. Fatal cases had a 20% greater chance (odds ratio [OR] = 1.20; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00-1.39) of being among farmers than the controls. However, late (≥ 6 hours) time to treatment (OR = 2.00; 95% CI: 1.70-2.36); adequate antivenom with an insufficient (OR = 1.25; 95% CI: 1.04-1.50) or excessive (OR = 4.89; 95% CI: 4.10-6.03) number of vials; inadequate antivenom and insufficient or excessive number of vials (OR = 3.87; 95% CI: 2.40-6.24); no use of antivenom (OR = 2.05; 95% CI: 1.60-2.64); and age ≥ 60 years (OR = 1.98; 95% CI: 1.61-2.44) were more strongly associated with lethality. Lethality was 1.0% in the period, being 0.47% among those receiving early and adequate treatment. We concluded that in Brazil, fatal snakebite envenoming was associated with agricultural work, controlling for relevant covariates. However, quality of health care provided and greater age were much more strongly associated with lethality.