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Background: The clinical outcomes and survival of patients with penetrating aortic ulcers (PAU) were evaluated in a tertiary care hospital, comparing those who underwent aortic repair to those treated conservatively. Patients and methods: A retrospective single-centre analysis included all patients that underwent a computed tomography angiography (CT-A) scan with the diagnosis of a PAU between January 2009 and May 2019. "PAU" was identified in 1,493 of 112,506 CT-A scan reports in 576 patients. Clinical and angiomorphological data were collected. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS), with secondary outcomes focusing on identifying risk factors for poor OS. Survival probabilities were analysed by the Kaplan-Meier method using the log-rank test. A Cox hazard model using survival as dependent variable with stepwise backward eliminations based on the likelihood ratios was employed. Results: 315 PAUs were identified in 278 patients. The prevalence in the cohort was 0.8%. The mean age of the patients was 74.4 years, and they were predominantly male (n = 208, 74.8%). The mean ulcer depth was 11.8 mm (range 2-50 mm). Out of the patients, 232 were asymptomatic (83.5%). Among 178 PAUs (56.5%), high-risk factors, such as ulcer depth >10 mm, aortic diameter >40 mm, and ulcer length >20 mm, were observed. Aortic repair was associated with a better mean OS compared to conservatively managed patients (72.6 versus 32.2 months, p = 0.001). The Cox hazard model showed that ulcer depth >1 mm was associated with poor OS (HR 0.67, p = 0.048), while aortic repair was related to a better OS (HR 4.365, p<0.013). Conclusions: Aortic repair is associated with better OS, but this finding should be interpreted with caution because of differences in age and comorbidities between the groups. Further evaluation is warranted through prospective studies with randomized groups. Further assessment for angiomorphological parameters is recommended to identify patients at increased risk for poor OS.

Asunto(s)

Enfermedades de la Aorta , Angiografía por Tomografía Computarizada , Tratamiento Conservador , Úlcera , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Úlcera/mortalidad , Úlcera/diagnóstico por imagen , Úlcera/terapia , Úlcera/cirugía , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tratamiento Conservador/efectos adversos , Tratamiento Conservador/mortalidad , Anciano , Factores de Riesgo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Factores de Tiempo , Enfermedades de la Aorta/mortalidad , Enfermedades de la Aorta/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades de la Aorta/terapia , Enfermedades de la Aorta/cirugía , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Medición de Riesgo , Implantación de Prótesis Vascular/mortalidad , Implantación de Prótesis Vascular/efectos adversos , Aortografía , Procedimientos Endovasculares/efectos adversos , Procedimientos Endovasculares/mortalidad , Úlcera Aterosclerótica Penetrante

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Aortic intramural hematoma (IMH) is a rare disease. Thus far, only limited data is available and the indications for conservative and endovascular treatment are not well defined. The aim of this study was to investigate clinical presentation, course, CT imaging features and outcome of patients with type B aortic IMHs. METHODS: We included all patients with type B IMHs between 2012 and 2021 in this retrospective monocentric study. Clinical data, localization, thickness of IMHs and the presence of ulcer-like projections (ULPs) was evaluated before and after treatment. RESULTS: Thirty five patients (20 females; 70.3 y ± 11 y) were identified. Almost all IMHs (n = 34) were spontaneous and symptomatic with back pain (n = 34). At the time of diagnosis, TEVAR was deemed indicated in 9 patients, 26 patients were treated primarily conservatively. During the follow-up, in another 16 patients TEVAR was deemed indicated. Endovascularly and conservatively treated patients both showed decrease in thickness after treatment. Patients without ULPs showed more often complete resolution of the IMH than patients with ULPs (endovascularly treated 90.9% (10/11) vs 71.4% (5/7); conservatively treated 71.4% (10/14) vs 33.3% (1/3); P = .207). Complications after TEVAR occurred in 32% and more frequently in patients treated primarily conservatively (37.5% vs 22.2%). No in-hospital mortality was observed during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Prognosis of IMH seems favourable in both surgically as well as conservatively treated patients. However, it is essential to identify patients at high risk for complications under conservative treatment, who therefore should be treated by TEVAR. In our study, ULPs seem to be an adverse factor for remodeling.

Asunto(s)

Implantación de Prótesis Vascular , Tratamiento Conservador , Procedimientos Endovasculares , Hematoma , Humanos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Femenino , Masculino , Procedimientos Endovasculares/efectos adversos , Procedimientos Endovasculares/mortalidad , Anciano , Hematoma/terapia , Hematoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Hematoma/etiología , Hematoma/mortalidad , Resultado del Tratamiento , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tratamiento Conservador/efectos adversos , Tratamiento Conservador/mortalidad , Factores de Tiempo , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Implantación de Prótesis Vascular/efectos adversos , Implantación de Prótesis Vascular/mortalidad , Factores de Riesgo , Disección Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagen , Disección Aórtica/mortalidad , Disección Aórtica/terapia , Disección Aórtica/cirugía , Angiografía por Tomografía Computarizada , Enfermedades de la Aorta/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades de la Aorta/terapia , Enfermedades de la Aorta/mortalidad , Hematoma Intramural Aórtico

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Rupture of an extracranial carotid artery aneurysm (ECAA) is a very rare and life-threatening condition. To obtain a comprehensive view of previous and current management of ruptured ECAAs (rECAAs), we analyzed all cases reported since 1940 and two of our own cases. METHODS: We performed a comprehensive literature review of reports from the MEDLINE database on rECAAs and included two patients treated in our department. RESULTS: A total 58 reports of 74 rECAAs in 74 patients were analyzed. Their mean age was 50 years, and the male/female ratio was 2.2:1. Infection was the most common reported etiology (19 of 74; 26%), followed by connective tissue disorder (13 of 74; 18%), atherosclerosis (9 of 74; 12%), and previous trauma (5 of 74; 7%). For 28 patients (38%), information on the etiology was not available. Of the 74 patients, 24 (32%) had undergone reconstructive surgery, 10 (14%) had undergone endovascular treatment, 17 (23%) had undergone ligation, 2 (3%) had been treated conservatively, and 1 (1%) had died before receiving definite treatment. For 20 patients (27%), information on the treatment received was not available. The complications after reconstruction included carotid blowout (3 of 24 patients; 13%) and cranial nerve deficit (3 of 24 patients; 13%). Two patients (8%) had died of unrelated ECAA causes during long-term follow-up, and one patient (4%) had died of an ECAA-related cause within 30 days. After an endovascular approach, 1 of the 10 patients had developed a cranial nerve deficit. After ligation, five patients (29%) had experienced stroke, three of which were fatal. One conservatively treated patient had experienced no complications and one had died of an ECAA-related cause. CONCLUSIONS: The most common reported etiology for rECAA was infection. Reconstructive surgery was the most common approach and was safer than ligation, which carried a high risk of stroke. Endovascular treatment showed promising results, especially for distally located aneurysms; however, the number of patients has remained low.

Asunto(s)

Aneurisma Roto/terapia , Enfermedades de las Arterias Carótidas/terapia , Tratamiento Conservador/tendencias , Procedimientos Endovasculares/tendencias , Pautas de la Práctica en Medicina/tendencias , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Vasculares/tendencias , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Aneurisma Roto/diagnóstico por imagen , Aneurisma Roto/etiología , Aneurisma Roto/mortalidad , Enfermedades de las Arterias Carótidas/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades de las Arterias Carótidas/etiología , Enfermedades de las Arterias Carótidas/mortalidad , Tratamiento Conservador/efectos adversos , Tratamiento Conservador/mortalidad , Procedimientos Endovasculares/efectos adversos , Procedimientos Endovasculares/mortalidad , Femenino , Humanos , Ligadura , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Vasculares/efectos adversos , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Vasculares/mortalidad , Adulto Joven

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Brainstem cavernous malformations (BSCM)-associated mortality has been reported up to 20% in patients managed conservatively, whereas postoperative mortality rates range from 0 to 1.9%. Our aim was to analyze the actual risk and causes of BSCM-associated mortality in patients managed conservatively and surgically based on our own patient cohort and a systematic literature review. METHODS: Observational, retrospective single-center study encompassing all patients with BSCM that presented to our institution between 2006 and 2018. In addition, a systematic review was performed on all studies encompassing patients with BSCM managed conservatively and surgically. RESULTS: Of 118 patients, 54 were treated conservatively (961.0 person years follow-up in total). No BSCM-associated mortality was observed in our conservatively as well as surgically managed patient cohort. Our systematic literature review and analysis revealed an overall BSCM-associated mortality rate of 2.3% (95% CI: 1.6-3.3) in 22 studies comprising 1,251 patients managed conservatively and of 1.3% (95% CI: 0.9-1.7) in 99 studies comprising 3,275 patients with BSCM treated surgically. CONCLUSION: The BSCM-associated mortality rate in patients managed conservatively is almost as low as in patients treated surgically and much lower than in frequently cited reports, most probably due to the good selection nowadays in regard to surgery.

Asunto(s)

Tronco Encefálico/irrigación sanguínea , Tratamiento Conservador/mortalidad , Hemangioma Cavernoso del Sistema Nervioso Central/mortalidad , Hemangioma Cavernoso del Sistema Nervioso Central/terapia , Procedimientos Neuroquirúrgicos/mortalidad , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Niño , Toma de Decisiones Clínicas , Tratamiento Conservador/efectos adversos , Femenino , Hemangioma Cavernoso del Sistema Nervioso Central/diagnóstico por imagen , Hemangioma Cavernoso del Sistema Nervioso Central/fisiopatología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Procedimientos Neuroquirúrgicos/efectos adversos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto Joven

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: The proper therapeutic management for acute type A aortic intramural hematoma (IMH) is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes following emergency surgery or conservative treatment for patients with this disease. METHODS: From January 2015 to December 2018, 124 consecutive patients were diagnosed with an acute type A aortic IMH and were included in this study. According to our surgical indications, they were divided into two groups: an operation group (OG) and a conservative treatment group (CG). RESULTS: Of 124 patients, 83 (66.9%) patients accepted emergency surgery and 41 (33.1%) patients accepted strict conservative treatment. There were no differences between these two groups in early mortality and complications. However, the late mortality of patients in the CG was significantly higher than for patients in the OG. A maximum aortic diameter in the ascending aorta and aortic arch ≥ 45 mm and maximum thickness of IMH in the same section ≥ 8 mm were risk factors for IMH related death in patients undergoing conservative treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The mortality associated with emergency surgery for patients with acute type A aortic IMH was satisfactory. In clinical centers with well-established surgical techniques and postoperative management, emergency surgical treatment may provide a better outcome than medical treatment for patients with acute type A aortic IMH.

Asunto(s)

Enfermedades de la Aorta/terapia , Implantación de Prótesis Vascular , Tratamiento Conservador , Hematoma/terapia , Enfermedad Aguda , Adulto , Anciano , Enfermedades de la Aorta/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades de la Aorta/mortalidad , Implantación de Prótesis Vascular/efectos adversos , Implantación de Prótesis Vascular/mortalidad , Tratamiento Conservador/efectos adversos , Tratamiento Conservador/mortalidad , Urgencias Médicas , Femenino , Hematoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Hematoma/mortalidad , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Resultado del Tratamiento

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Medial clavicle fractures are uncommon, occurring in older and multiply injured patients. The management of these fractures and the factors that predispose toward poor outcomes are controversial. Furthermore, the functional outcomes of treatment are not well characterized or correlated with fracture patterns. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: (1) To determine minimum 1-year functional outcomes using QuickDASH scores and pain scores after medial clavicle fractures and (2) to identify factors associated with these outcome variables. METHODS: In an institutional review board-approved, retrospective study, we identified adult patients with medial clavicle fractures at two tertiary care referral centers in a single metropolitan area in the United States from January 2010 to March 2019. Our initial query identified 1950 patients with clavicle fractures, from which 74 adult patients with medial clavicle fractures and at least 1 year of follow-up were identified. We attempted to contact these eligible patients by telephone for functional outcomes and pain scores. Twenty-six patients were deceased according to the most recent Social Security Death Index data and public obituaries, three declined participation, and 14 could not be reached, leaving 42% of the total (31 of 74) and 65% (31 of 48) of living patients included in the analysis. Demographic characteristics, fracture characteristics, and clinical and radiographic union as assessed by plain radiography and CT were collected through record review. Twenty-nine patients were treated nonoperatively and two patients underwent open reduction internal fixation. Sixty-eight percent (21 of 31) of the included patients also had radiographic follow-up at least 6 weeks postoperatively; two patients had persistent nonunion at a mean of 5 ± 3 years after injury. Our primary response variable was the QuickDASH score at a minimum of 1 year (median [range] 5 years [2 to 10]). Our secondary response variable was the pain score on a 10-point Likert scale. A bivariate analysis was performed to identify factors associated with these response variables. The following explanatory variables were studied: age, gender, race, dominant hand injury, employment status, manual labor occupation, primary health insurance, social deprivation, BMI, diabetes mellitus, smoking status, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification, Charlson Comorbidity Index, nonisolated injury, high-energy mechanism of injury, nondisplaced fracture, fracture comminution, superior-inferior fracture displacement, medial-lateral fracture shortening, and surgical treatment of the medial clavicle fracture. RESULTS: The mean QuickDASH score was 12 ± 15, and the mean pain score was 1 ± 1 at a mean of 5 ± 3 years after injury. The mortality rate of the cohort was 15% (11 of 74) at 1 year, 22% (16 of 74) at 3 years, and 34% (25 of 74) at 5 years after injury. With the numbers available, no factors were associated with the QuickDASH score or pain score, but it is likely we were underpowered to detect potentially important differences. CONCLUSION: Medial clavicle fractures have favorable functional outcomes and pain relief at minimum 1-year follow-up among those patients who survive the trauma, but a high proportion will die within 3 years of the injury. This likely reflects both the frailty of a predominantly older patient population and the fact that these often are high-energy injuries. The outcome measures in our cohort were not associated with fracture displacement, shortening, or comminution; however, our sample size was underpowered on these points, and so these findings should be considered preliminary. Further studies are needed to determine the subset of patients with this injury who would benefit from surgical intervention. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, therapeutic study.

Asunto(s)

Clavícula/lesiones , Evaluación de la Discapacidad , Fracturas Óseas/terapia , Dimensión del Dolor/estadística & datos numéricos , Fracturas del Hombro/terapia , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Tratamiento Conservador/mortalidad , Tratamiento Conservador/estadística & datos numéricos , Femenino , Fracturas Óseas/mortalidad , Estado Funcional , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Reducción Abierta/mortalidad , Reducción Abierta/estadística & datos numéricos , Recuperación de la Función , Estudios Retrospectivos , Fracturas del Hombro/mortalidad , Resultado del Tratamiento

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Esophageal perforation has been one of the serious clinical emergencies, because of the high mortality and complication rates. However, the current prognosis of esophageal perforation and the outcomes of available treatment methods are not well defined. This study attempted to pool the immediate outcomes of esophageal perforation in the past 2 decades. METHODS: The clinical data of 22 consecutive adult patients with esophageal perforation in our center were analyzed. A pooled analysis was also conducted to summarize results from the literatures published between 1999 and 2020. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were assessed, and their methodological quality was examined. RESULTS: The mortality and complication rates in our center were 4.55% and 31.82%, separately. The pooled analysis included 45 studies published between 1999 and 2019, which highlighted an overall immediate mortality rate of 9.86%. Surgical treatments were associated with a pooled immediate mortality of 10.01%, and for conservative treatments of 6.49%. Besides, in the past decade, the mortality and complication rates decreased by 27.12% and 46.75%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In the past 2 decades, the overall immediate mortality rate of esophageal perforation was about 10% in the worldwide, and the outcomes of esophageal perforation treatment are getting better in the last 10 years. ETHICS REGISTRATION INFORMATION: LW2020011.

Asunto(s)

Tratamiento Conservador/mortalidad , Perforación del Esófago/mortalidad , Perforación del Esófago/terapia , Esofagoscopía/mortalidad , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Tratamiento Conservador/métodos , Esofagoscopía/métodos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/epidemiología , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/etiología , Pronóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: Mortality in infective endocarditis (IE) is still high, and the long term prognosis remains uncertain. This study aimed to identify predictors of long-term mortality for any cause, adverse event rate, relapse rate, valvular and ventricular dysfunction at follow-up, in a real-world surgical centre. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 363 consecutive episodes of IE (123 women, 34%) admitted to our department with a definite diagnosis of non-device-related IE. Median follow-up duration was 2.9 years. Primary endpoints were predictors of mortality, recurrent endocarditis, and major non-fatal adverse events (hospitalization for any cardiovascular cause, pace-maker implantation, new onset of atrial fibrillation, sternal dehiscence), and ventricular and valvular dysfunction at follow-up. RESULTS: Multivariate analysis independent predictors of mortality showed age (HR per unit 1.031, p < 0.003), drug abuse (HR 3.5, p < 0.002), EUROSCORE II (HR per unit 1.017, p < 0.0006) and double valve infection (HR 2.3, p < 0.001) to be independent predictors of mortality, while streptococcal infection remained associated with a better prognosis (HR 0.5, p < 0.04). Major non-fatal adverse events were associated with age (HR 1.4, p < 0.022). New episodes of infection were correlated with S aureus infection (HR 4.8, p < 0.001), right-sided endocarditis (HR 7.4, p < 0.001), spondylodiscitis (HR 6.8, p < 0.004) and intravenous drug abuse (HR 10.3, p < 0.001). After multivariate analysis, only drug abuse was an independent predictor of new episodes of endocarditis (HR 8.5, p < 0.001). Echocardiographic follow-up, available in 95 cases, showed a worsening of left ventricular systolic function (p < 0.007); severe valvular dysfunction at follow-up was reported only in 4 patients, all of them had mitral IE (p < 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The present study highlights some clinical, readily available factors that can be useful to stratify the prognosis of patients with IE.

Asunto(s)

Tratamiento Conservador/efectos adversos , Endocarditis Bacteriana/terapia , Implantación de Prótesis de Válvulas Cardíacas/efectos adversos , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/etiología , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/complicaciones , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Toma de Decisiones Clínicas , Tratamiento Conservador/mortalidad , Endocarditis Bacteriana/diagnóstico , Endocarditis Bacteriana/mortalidad , Femenino , Implantación de Prótesis de Válvulas Cardíacas/mortalidad , Hospitalización , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/mortalidad , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/terapia , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Recurrencia , Sistema de Registros , Estudios Retrospectivos , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/mortalidad , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: The optimal management of minimal blunt thoracic aortic injuries (BTAIs) remains controversial, with experienced centers using therapy ranging from medical management (MM) to thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). METHODS: The Aortic Trauma Foundation registry was used to examine demographics, injury characteristics, management, and outcomes of patients with BTAI. RESULTS: Two hundred ninety-six patients from 28 international centers were analyzed (mean age, 44.5 years [SD, 18 years]; 76% [225/296] male; mean Injury Severity Score, 34 [SD, 14]). Blunt thoracic aortic injury was classified as Grade I, 22.6% (67/296); Grade II, 17.6% (52/296); Grade III, 47.3% (140/296); and Grade IV, 12.5% (37/296). Overall aortic-related mortality (ARM) was 4.7% (14/296). Among all deaths, 33% (14/42) were ARM. Open repair was required for only 2%, with most undergoing TEVAR (58.4%) or MM (28.0%). Thoracic endovascular repair complications occurred in 3.4% (6/173), most commonly Type 1 endoleak (2.3%; 4/173). Among patients with minimal aortic injury (Grades I and II), 59.7% (71/119) received MM, while 40.3% (48/119) underwent TEVAR. Two patients initially managed with MM required subsequent TEVAR for injury progression during initial hospital stay. No significant difference in ARM between MM and TEVAR was noted for Grades I and II injuries. CONCLUSION: A third of the trauma victims with BTAI succumb to ARM. Thoracic endovascular repair has replaced open repair but remains equivalent in outcomes to MM for minimal injuries. These data support MM of patients with minimal aortic injury. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic study, level IV.

Asunto(s)

Angioplastia , Aorta Torácica , Aorta , Tratamiento Conservador , Procedimientos Endovasculares , Lesiones del Sistema Vascular , Heridas no Penetrantes , Adulto , Angioplastia/efectos adversos , Angioplastia/métodos , Angioplastia/estadística & datos numéricos , Aorta/lesiones , Aorta/cirugía , Aorta Torácica/lesiones , Aorta Torácica/cirugía , Tratamiento Conservador/efectos adversos , Tratamiento Conservador/métodos , Tratamiento Conservador/mortalidad , Endofuga/epidemiología , Endofuga/etiología , Procedimientos Endovasculares/efectos adversos , Procedimientos Endovasculares/métodos , Procedimientos Endovasculares/mortalidad , Femenino , Humanos , Puntaje de Gravedad del Traumatismo , Masculino , Mortalidad , Evaluación de Procesos y Resultados en Atención de Salud , Sistema de Registros/estadística & datos numéricos , Centros Traumatológicos/estadística & datos numéricos , Estados Unidos/epidemiología , Lesiones del Sistema Vascular/diagnóstico , Lesiones del Sistema Vascular/mortalidad , Lesiones del Sistema Vascular/cirugía , Lesiones del Sistema Vascular/terapia , Heridas no Penetrantes/diagnóstico , Heridas no Penetrantes/cirugía

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Congenital microgastria is an extremely rare birth defect. The aim of this study was to present an overview of existing literature on the treatment of microgastria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The term "microgastria" was used in a PubMed and Medline search. Since merely case reports were found, only a narrative synthesis with limited statistical analysis can be given. Data of different treatment modalities were collected and divided into two groups: conservative or less invasive treatment (C/LT, i.e., modified diet or a gastrostomy/jejunostomy) and extensive gastric surgery (EGS, i.e., Hunt-Lawrence pouch or total esophageal gastric dissociation). Clinical outcome parameters (nutrition, growth pattern, and mortality) were compared. RESULTS: Out of 73 articles published from 1973 to 2019, 38 articles describing 51 cases were included. In four patients, microgastria was an isolated anomaly (8%). Type of treatment was described in only 46 patients, 19 were treated by C/LT. Mortality was 9/19 (47%) in the C/LT group versus 4/27 (15%) in the EGS group (chi-square = 5.829, p = 0.016, Fisher = 0.022). There was a negative correlation between the invasiveness of the treatment and both mortality (r = -0.356, p = 0.015) and comorbidity (r = -0.506, p <0.001). Patients in the C/LT group had significantly more comorbidity than in the EGS group (mean = 4.32 vs. 2.26, p = 0.001). There was a positive correlation between comorbidity and mortality (r = 0.400, p = 0.006). Median follow-up was 42 months (range: 1-240). Type and way of nutrition were poorly described. In at least 9 of the 33 surviving patients, oral feeding was reported as normal, of whom 8 belonged to the EGS group. In all patients, growth could be acknowledged, but in comparison to peers, final body length was less. There was no difference in final body length between the two treatment groups. CONCLUSION: In patients with congenital microgastria, only minimal differences in clinical outcome in terms of type of nutrition and body growth were found when C/LT was compared with treatment by EGS. Mortality was significantly higher in the first group as well as the amount of comorbidities.

Asunto(s)

Anomalías del Sistema Digestivo/terapia , Anomalías Múltiples/epidemiología , Tratamiento Conservador/mortalidad , Anomalías del Sistema Digestivo/mortalidad , Nutrición Enteral/mortalidad , Gastrostomía/mortalidad , Humanos , Yeyunostomía/mortalidad , Enfermedades Raras/mortalidad , Enfermedades Raras/terapia

Asunto(s)

Tratamiento Conservador/mortalidad , Extremidades/irrigación sanguínea , Isquemia/cirugía , Enfermedades Vasculares Periféricas/patología , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Vasculares/mortalidad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Tratamiento Conservador/métodos , Extremidades/patología , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mortalidad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Vasculares/métodos

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: Second conservative treatment has emerged as an option for patients with a second ipsilateral breast tumor event after conserving surgery and breast irradiation. We aimed to address the lack of evidence regarding second breast event treatment by comparing oncologic outcomes after conservative treatment or mastectomy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Oncologic outcomes were analyzed using a propensity score-matched cohort analysis study on patients who received a diagnosis of a second breast event between January 1995 and June 2017. Patient data were collected from 15 hospitals/cancer centers in 7 European countries. Patients were offered mastectomy or lumpectomy plus brachytherapy. Propensity scores were calculated with logistic regression and multiple imputations. Matching (1:1) was achieved using the nearest neighbor method, including 10 clinical/pathologic data related to the second breast event. The primary endpoint was 5-year overall survival from the salvage surgery date. Secondary endpoints were 5-year cumulative incidence of third breast event, regional relapse and distant metastasis, and disease-free and specific survival. Complications and 5-year incidence of mastectomy were investigated in the conservative treatment cohort. RESULTS: Among the 1327 analyzed patients (mastectomy, 945; conservative treatment, 382), 754 were matched by propensity score (mastectomy, 377; conservative treatment, 377). The median follow-up was 75.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 65.4-83.3) and 73.8 months (95% CI, 67.5-80.8) for mastectomy and conservative treatment, respectively (P = .9). In the matched analyses, no differences in 5-year overall survival and cumulative incidence of third breast event were noted between mastectomy and conservative treatment (88% [95% CI, 83.0-90.8] vs 87% [95% CI, 82.1-90.2], P = .6 and 2.3% [95% CI, 0.7-3.9] vs 2.8% [95% CI, 0.8-4.7], P = .4, respectively). Similarly, no differences were observed for all secondary endpoints. Five-year cumulative incidence of mastectomy was 3.1% (95% CI, 1.0-5.1). CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the largest matched analysis of mastectomy and conservative treatment combining lumpectomy with brachytherapy for second breast events. Compared with mastectomy, conservative treatment does not appear to be associated with any differences in terms of oncologic outcome. Consequently, conservative treatment could be considered a viable option for salvage treatment.

Asunto(s)

Braquiterapia/métodos , Tratamiento Conservador/métodos , Mastectomía , Neoplasias Primarias Secundarias/terapia , Terapia Recuperativa/métodos , Neoplasias de Mama Unilaterales/terapia , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Braquiterapia/mortalidad , Estudios de Cohortes , Terapia Combinada/métodos , Tratamiento Conservador/mortalidad , Tratamiento Conservador/estadística & datos numéricos , Bases de Datos Factuales , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Europa (Continente) , Femenino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Mastectomía/mortalidad , Mastectomía/estadística & datos numéricos , Mastectomía Segmentaria , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Primarias Secundarias/mortalidad , Neoplasias Primarias Secundarias/radioterapia , Neoplasias Primarias Secundarias/cirugía , Puntaje de Propensión , Tasa de Supervivencia , Neoplasias de Mama Unilaterales/mortalidad , Neoplasias de Mama Unilaterales/radioterapia , Neoplasias de Mama Unilaterales/cirugía

RESUMEN

Background No randomized comparison of early (ie, ≤3 months) aortic valve replacement (AVR) versus conservative management or of transcatheter AVR (TAVR) versus surgical AVR has been conducted in patients with low-flow, low-gradient (LFLG) aortic stenosis (AS). Methods and Results A total of 481 consecutive patients (75±10 years; 71% men) with LFLG AS (aortic valve area ≤0.6 cm2/m2 and mean gradient <40 mm Hg), 72% with classic LFLG and 28% with paradoxical LFLG, were prospectively recruited in the multicenter TOPAS (True or Pseudo Severe Aortic Stenosis) study. True-severe AS or pseudo-severe AS was adjudicated by flow-independent criteria. During follow-up (median [IQR] 36 [11-60] months), 220 patients died. Using inverse probability of treatment weighting to address the bias of nonrandom treatment assignment, early AVR (n=272) was associated with a major overall survival benefit (hazard ratio [HR], 0.34 [95% CI, 0.24-0.50]; P<0.001). This benefit was observed in patients with true-severe AS but also with pseudo-severe AS (HR, 0.38 [95% CI, 0.18-0.81]; P=0.01), and in classic (HR, 0.33 [95% CI, 0.22-0.49]; P<0.001) and paradoxical LFLG AS (HR, 0.42 [95% CI, 0.20-0.92]; P=0.03). Compared with conservative management in the conventional multivariate model, trans femoral TAVR was associated with the best survival (HR, 0.23 [95% CI, 0.12-0.43]; P<0.001), followed by surgical AVR (HR, 0.36 [95% CI, 0.23-0.56]; P<0.001) and alternative-access TAVR (HR, 0.51 [95% CI, 0.31-0.82]; P=0.007). In the inverse probability of treatment weighting model, trans femoral TAVR appeared to be superior to surgical AVR (HR [95% CI] 0.28 [0.11-0.72]; P=0.008) with regard to survival. Conclusions In this large prospective observational study of LFLG AS, early AVR appeared to confer a major survival benefit in both classic and paradoxical LFLG AS. This benefit seems to extend to the subgroup with pseudo-severe AS. Our findings suggest that TAVR using femoral access might be the best strategy in these patients. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT01835028.

Asunto(s)

Estenosis de la Válvula Aórtica/terapia , Tratamiento Conservador/métodos , Arteria Femoral/cirugía , Reemplazo de la Válvula Aórtica Transcatéter/métodos , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Estenosis de la Válvula Aórtica/diagnóstico , Sesgo , Cateterismo Cardíaco/métodos , Estudios de Cohortes , Tratamiento Conservador/mortalidad , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Probabilidad , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Estudios Prospectivos , Análisis de Supervivencia , Reemplazo de la Válvula Aórtica Transcatéter/mortalidad , Resultado del Tratamiento

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Hip fractures remain a major health concern owing to the increasing elderly population and their association with significant morbidity and mortality. The effects of weekend admission on mortality have been studied since the late 1970s. Despite most studies showing that mortality rates are higher for patients admitted on a weekend, the characteristics of the admitted patients have remained unclear. We aim to investigate this 'weekend effect' at our hospital in patients presenting with a hip fracture. METHODS: Patients undergoing acute hip fracture surgery were identified from the local National Hip Fracture Database. Patient demographics, fracture type, co-morbidities and admission blood parameters were examined. The outcome analysed was 30-day mortality. The data were analysed with regard to day of admission, i.e. weekday (Monday to Friday) or weekend (Saturday and Sunday). RESULTS: A total of 894 patients were included. Results demonstrated that 30-day mortality was similar on the weekend compared with the weekday (6.96% versus 10.39%, OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.36-1.14, p = 0.128) for patients who sustained an acute hip fracture. The total number of deaths within 30 days was 85 (69 weekday versus 16 weekend). This remained non-significant after adjusting for several variables: age and sex only (OR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.37-1.16, p = 0.146), age, sex, and care variables (OR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.33-1.06, p = 0.080), age, sex, and blood test results (OR = 0.62, 95% CI 0.35-1.12, p = 0.111), and all covariates (OR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.29-1.62, p = 0.392). In the fully adjusted model, the following variables were independent predictors of mortality: sex (male) (OR = 1.93, 95% CI 1.11-3.35, p = 0.019) and ASA > 2 (OR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.11-6.11, p = 0.028) and age (1.08, 95% CI 1.04-1.13, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The evidence for a 'weekend effect' in patients with a hip fracture is absent in this study. However, we have shown other factors that are associated with increased mortality such as increased age, male sex and higher ASA grade. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 3.

Asunto(s)

Tratamiento Conservador/mortalidad , Fracturas del Cuello Femoral/mortalidad , Procedimientos Ortopédicos/mortalidad , Admisión del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Tratamiento Conservador/estadística & datos numéricos , Bases de Datos Factuales , Femenino , Fracturas del Cuello Femoral/cirugía , Fracturas del Cuello Femoral/terapia , Hospitalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Hospitales de Distrito/estadística & datos numéricos , Hospitales Generales/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Procedimientos Ortopédicos/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Tiempo , Reino Unido/epidemiología

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The management of patients with severe but asymptomatic aortic stenosis is challenging. Evidence on early aortic valve replacement (AVR) versus symptom-driven intervention in these patients is unknown. METHODS: Electronic databases were searched, articles comparing early-AVR with conservative management for severe aortic stenosis were identified. Pooled adjusted odds ratio (OR) was computed using a random-effect model to determine all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. RESULTS: A total of eight studies consisting of 2201 patients were identified. Early-AVR was associated with lower all-cause mortality [OR 0.24, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.13-0.45, P ≤ 0.00001] and cardiovascular mortality (OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.06-0.70, P = 0.01) compared with conservative management. The number needed to treat to prevent 1 all-cause and cardiovascular mortality was 4 and 9, respectively. The odds of all-cause mortality in a selected patient population undergoing surgical AVR (SAVR) (OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.09-0.29, P ≤ 0.00001) and SAVR or transcatheter AVR (TAVR) (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.35-0.81, P = 0.003) were significantly lower compared with patients who are managed conservatively. A subgroup sensitivity analysis based on severe aortic stenosis (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.11-0.52, P = 0.0004) versus very severe aortic stenosis (OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.08-0.51, P = 0.0008) also mirrored the findings of overall results. CONCLUSION: Patients with asymptomatic aortic valve stenosis have lower odds of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality when managed with early-AVR compared with conservative management. However, because of significant heterogeneity in the classification of asymptomatic patients, large scale studies are required.

Asunto(s)

Estenosis de la Válvula Aórtica/terapia , Válvula Aórtica/cirugía , Tratamiento Conservador , Intervención Médica Temprana , Reemplazo de la Válvula Aórtica Transcatéter , Espera Vigilante , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Válvula Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagen , Válvula Aórtica/fisiopatología , Estenosis de la Válvula Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagen , Estenosis de la Válvula Aórtica/mortalidad , Estenosis de la Válvula Aórtica/fisiopatología , Enfermedades Asintomáticas , Tratamiento Conservador/efectos adversos , Tratamiento Conservador/mortalidad , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Factores de Tiempo , Reemplazo de la Válvula Aórtica Transcatéter/efectos adversos , Reemplazo de la Válvula Aórtica Transcatéter/mortalidad , Resultado del Tratamiento

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis (ESRD-HD) and aortic stenosis have poor prognosis. The role of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in this high-risk population is debated. METHODS: We compared the outcomes among ESRD-HD Medicare beneficiaries who were managed with TAVR, surgical AVR (SAVR), or conservative management for aortic stenosis between 2015 and 2017, using overlap propensity score weighting analysis to control for differences in treatment assignment. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality and was compared between treatment groups as well as to age-sex matched mortality for ESRD-HD in the US population. Secondary outcomes included trend of heart failure hospitalizations. RESULTS: A total of 8107 ESRD-HD patients with aortic stenosis were included, 4130 (50%) underwent TAVR, 2565 (31.6%) underwent SAVR, and 1412 (17.4%) were managed conservatively. TAVR patients had more comorbidities and higher frailty compared with the other 2 groups. Thirty-day mortality was lower with TAVR compared with SAVR (4.6% versus 12.8%, P<0.01). After a median follow-up of 465 days (interquartile range, 261-759), on overlap propensity score weighting analysis, there was no difference in mortality between TAVR and SAVR (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.02 [95% CI, 0.91-1.15], P=0.7), and mortality was lower with TAVR compared with conservative management (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.53 [95% CI, 0.47-0.60], P<0.001). Standardized mortality ratios with TAVR, SAVR, and conservative management compared with age-sex matched ESRD-HD US population were 1.24, 1.27, and 1.83, respectively. The rate of heart failure admissions declined after TAVR (incidence rate ratio, 0.55 [95% CI, 0.48-0.62], P<0.001) and SAVR (incidence rate ratio, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.65-0.88], P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In ESRD-HD patients with aortic stenosis, mortality was lower in the short-term with TAVR compared with SAVR but comparable in the mid-term. AVR is associated with an improvement in survival and reduction in heart failure hospitalizations compared with conservative management.

Asunto(s)

Estenosis de la Válvula Aórtica/terapia , Tratamiento Conservador , Implantación de Prótesis de Válvulas Cardíacas , Fallo Renal Crónico/terapia , Diálisis Renal , Reemplazo de la Válvula Aórtica Transcatéter , Anciano , Estenosis de la Válvula Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagen , Estenosis de la Válvula Aórtica/mortalidad , Tratamiento Conservador/efectos adversos , Tratamiento Conservador/mortalidad , Femenino , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/mortalidad , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/fisiopatología , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/terapia , Implantación de Prótesis de Válvulas Cardíacas/efectos adversos , Implantación de Prótesis de Válvulas Cardíacas/mortalidad , Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Hospitalización , Humanos , Fallo Renal Crónico/diagnóstico , Fallo Renal Crónico/mortalidad , Masculino , Medicare , Persona de Mediana Edad , Diálisis Renal/efectos adversos , Diálisis Renal/mortalidad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Factores de Tiempo , Reemplazo de la Válvula Aórtica Transcatéter/efectos adversos , Reemplazo de la Válvula Aórtica Transcatéter/mortalidad , Resultado del Tratamiento , Estados Unidos/epidemiología

RESUMEN

To address many uncertainties in the acute care of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in proportion to increasing age, we underwent the nationwide current survey consisted of 11,676 patients with AMI based on the database of the Japanese Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry between January 2011 and December 2013 to figure out how difference of clinical profiles and outcomes between coronary revascularization and conservative treatments for AMI. Clinical profiles in a total of 763 patients with AMI with conservative treatments (7% of all) were characterized as more elderly women (median age, 71 yeas vs. 68 years, p < 0.0001, male, 71% vs. 76%, p = 0.0008), high Killip class (Killip class I, 61% vs. 75%, p < 0.0001), and non-ST-segment elevation AMI (37% vs. 27%, p < 0.0001) as compared with 10,913 with coronary revascularization, with a consequence of more than twofold higher in-hospital mortality (12% vs. 5%, p < 0.0001). When compared with conservative treatments, highly effective of coronary revascularization to decrease in-hospital mortality was found in patients with ST-segment elevation AMI (6% vs. 16%, p < 0.0001), while these advantages were not evident in those with non-ST-segment elevation AMI (4% vs. 6%, p = 0.1107), especially with high Killip class, regardless of whether or not propensity score matching of clinical characteristics. A risk-adapted allocation of invasive management therefore may have the potential of benefiting patients with non-ST-segment elevation AMI, in particular elders.

Asunto(s)

Envejecimiento , Tratamiento Conservador , Revascularización Miocárdica , Infarto del Miocardio sin Elevación del ST/terapia , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/diagnóstico , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/terapia , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Tratamiento Conservador/efectos adversos , Tratamiento Conservador/mortalidad , Bases de Datos Factuales , Femenino , Factores de Riesgo de Enfermedad Cardiaca , Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Humanos , Japón , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Revascularización Miocárdica/efectos adversos , Revascularización Miocárdica/mortalidad , Infarto del Miocardio sin Elevación del ST/diagnóstico , Infarto del Miocardio sin Elevación del ST/mortalidad , Sistema de Registros , Estudios Retrospectivos , Medición de Riesgo , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/mortalidad , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to report the angiographic and procedural results of the After Eighty study (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01255540), and to identify independent predictors of revascularisation. METHODS: Patients of ≥80 years old with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction and unstable angina pectoris were randomised to an invasive or conservative strategy. Angiographic and procedural results were recorded. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to explore variables predicting revascularisation. RESULTS: Among 229 patients in the invasive group, 220 underwent immediate coronary angiography (90% performed via the radial artery). Of these patients, 48% had three-vessel disease or left main stenosis, 18% two-vessel disease, 16% one-vessel disease, 17% minor coronary vessel wall changes and two patients had normal coronary arteries. Six patients (3%) underwent coronary artery bypass graft. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was performed in 107 patients (49%), with 57% treated with bare metal stents, 37% drug-eluting stents and 6% balloon angioplasty. On average, 1.7 lesions were treated and 2 stents delivered per patient. Complications included 1 major PCI-related bleeding (successfully treated), 2 minor access site-related bleedings, 3 side branch occlusions during PCI and 11 periprocedural myocardial infarctions (considered end points). Sex, bundle branch block and smoking were independent predictors of revascularisation. CONCLUSIONS: PCI was performed in approximately half of the patients, similar to findings in younger populations. Procedural success was high, with few complications. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01255540.

Asunto(s)

Angina Inestable/terapia , Tratamiento Conservador , Angiografía Coronaria , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/terapia , Factores de Edad , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Angina Inestable/diagnóstico por imagen , Angina Inestable/mortalidad , Bloqueo de Rama , Tratamiento Conservador/efectos adversos , Tratamiento Conservador/mortalidad , Stents Liberadores de Fármacos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Noruega , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/efectos adversos , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/instrumentación , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/mortalidad , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Estudios Prospectivos , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/diagnóstico por imagen , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/mortalidad , Factores Sexuales , Fumar/efectos adversos , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The elderly have the highest incidence of cardiovascular disease and frequently present with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). In this study, our aim was to evaluate the effect of an invasive strategy on long-term mortality in patients of 80 years and older presenting with ACS. METHODS: Patients who were admitted to hospital with ACS were recruited using appropriate ICD codes in the computerised hospital data system. After exclusion of patients below 80 years old, the remaining 156 patients were involved in the final analyses. Ninety-four of 156 patients (60.3%) underwent coronary angiography and they constituted the invasive-strategy group, whereas the remaining 62 (39.7%) patients were treated medically and they constituted the conservative-strategy group. RESULTS: Median follow-up duration of patients was 8.5 (0-61) months. Total mortality at the end of the follow-up period was 24 (25.5%) patients in the invasive-strategy group and 30 (48.4%) in the conservative-strategy group (p = 0.006). According to Cox regression analysis, the invasive strategy (OR: 0.26, 95% CI: 0.12-0.56, p = 0.001), presentation with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (OR: 7.76, 95% CI: 1.74-34.57, p = 0.002), low ejection fraction below 40% (OR: 3.11, 95% CI: 1.43-6.76, p = 0.004), heart rate (OR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.96-0.99, p = 0.013) and GRACE risk score between 150 and 170 (OR: 7.76, 95% CI: 1.74-34.57, p = 0.002) were related to long-term mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show the benefit of the invasive strategy on mortality rate in elderly patients over 80 years old and presenting with ACS.

Asunto(s)

Síndrome Coronario Agudo/terapia , Angina Inestable/terapia , Fármacos Cardiovasculares/uso terapéutico , Tratamiento Conservador , Puente de Arteria Coronaria , Infarto del Miocardio sin Elevación del ST/terapia , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/terapia , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/diagnóstico por imagen , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/mortalidad , Factores de Edad , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Angina Inestable/diagnóstico por imagen , Angina Inestable/mortalidad , Fármacos Cardiovasculares/efectos adversos , Tratamiento Conservador/efectos adversos , Tratamiento Conservador/mortalidad , Puente de Arteria Coronaria/efectos adversos , Puente de Arteria Coronaria/mortalidad , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Infarto del Miocardio sin Elevación del ST/diagnóstico por imagen , Infarto del Miocardio sin Elevación del ST/mortalidad , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/efectos adversos , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/mortalidad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/diagnóstico por imagen , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/mortalidad , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento

RESUMEN

Objective: The treatment strategy in the very elderly with NSTE-ACS is debated, as they are often under-represented in clinical trials. The aim of this multicenter randomized controlled trial was to compare invasive and conservative strategies in the very elderly with NSTE-ACS.Methods: We randomly assigned patients ≥ 80 years of age with NSTE-ACS to an invasive strategy with coronary angiography and optimal medical treatment or a conservative strategy with only optimal medical treatment. The primary outcome was the combined endpoint of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE). Sample size was powered for a 50% reduction of event rate in MACCE with an invasive strategy. We used intention-to-treat analysis.Results: Altogether, 186 patients were included between 2009 and 2017. The study was terminated prematurely due to slow enrollment. At 12-month follow-up, the primary outcome occurred in 31 (33.3%) of the invasive treatment group and 34 (36.6%) of the conservative treatment group, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.90 (95% CI 0.55‒1.46; p = 0.66) for the invasive group relative to the conservative group. The corresponding HR value for urgent revascularization was 0.29 (95% CI 0.10‒0.85; p = 0.02), 0.56 (95% CI 0.27‒1.18; p = 0.13) for myocardial infarction, 0.70 (95% CI 0.31‒1.58; p = 0.40) for all-cause mortality, 1.35 (95% CI 0.23‒7.98; p = 0.74) for stroke, and 1.62 (95% CI 0.67‒3.90; p = 0.28) for recurrent hospitalization for cardiac reasons.Conclusion: In the very elderly with NSTE-ACS, we did not find any significant difference in MACCE between invasive and conservative treatment groups at 12-month follow-up, possibly due to small sample size. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02126202.

Asunto(s)

Síndrome Coronario Agudo/terapia , Tratamiento Conservador , Infarto del Miocardio sin Elevación del ST/terapia , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/diagnóstico , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/mortalidad , Factores de Edad , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Tratamiento Conservador/efectos adversos , Tratamiento Conservador/mortalidad , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Infarto del Miocardio sin Elevación del ST/diagnóstico , Infarto del Miocardio sin Elevación del ST/mortalidad , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/efectos adversos , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/mortalidad , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Suecia , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento